Effectiveness of eye movement desensitization and reprocesssing (EMDR) therapy in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients with persistent pain despite inflammation being under control: a multiple baseline single case experimental design study across ten cases
- Conditions
- chronic painpersistent painRheumatoid Arthritis1000381610023213
- Registration Number
- NL-OMON56683
- Lead Sponsor
- Medisch Spectrum Twente
- Brief Summary
Not available
- Detailed Description
Not available
Recruitment & Eligibility
- Status
- Pending
- Sex
- Not specified
- Target Recruitment
- 10
Inclusion Criteria
Clinical diagnosis RA
NRS pain >= 6 at screening and NRS-pain >=4 at the time of inclusion
Stable low disease activity (DAS28 < 3.2) and/or the rheumatologist's clinical
impression of low disease activity
Exclusion Criteria
An acute condition of psychosis or bipolar disorder
An acute suicidal risk
Substance dependency
Not stable on the use of medication.
Visual or hearing problems interfering with the EMDR procedure
Involved in other psychological/psychiatric treatment
Study & Design
- Study Type
- Interventional
- Study Design
- Not specified
- Primary Outcome Measures
Name Time Method <p>Primary endpoint for effectiveness is the pre-treatment phase A1 to<br /><br>post-treatment phase A2 difference in NRS pain intensity. Feasibility is<br /><br>examined by monitoring recruitment, dropout rates, and treatment satisfaction.</p><br>
- Secondary Outcome Measures
Name Time Method <p>Secondary parameters are:<br /><br>* Additional physical symptoms (stiffness in muscles and joints and fatigue)<br /><br>(DQ-PiRA)<br /><br>* The impact of RA on daily life and sleep (DQ-PiRA)<br /><br>* Four PTSD symptoms will be measured with the 4itemPCL-5<br /><br>* The score on the Generalized Pain Questionnaire (GPQ)<br /><br>* The score on the Pain Disability Index (PDI)<br /><br>* The score on the Rheumatoid Arthritis Pain Scale (RAPS)<br /><br>* The total score on Beck*s depression index (BDI)</p><br>