Oral Tissue Tolerance of a Mouthrinse

Not Applicable

Completed

• Conditions: Dental Health
• Interventions: Device: Potassium Oxylate Mouthwash; Drug: Sodium Fluoride Dentifrice

• Registration Number: NCT01009554
• Lead Sponsor: Johnson & Johnson Consumer and Personal Products Worldwide

Brief Summary

This study is 8 weeks long. People participating in this study will be asked to brush their teeth two times a day. Some people will get a mouthwash. People with a mouthwash will rinse two times a day after brushing their teeth. The mouth, teeth, tongue and gums will be looked at by a dentist. The dentist will look at the mouth to make sure the mouthwash does not irritate the mouth. The dentist will also look at the color of the teeth and amount of stain on the front teeth.

Detailed Description

This is an 8-week, randomized, observer-blind, controlled, parallel group clinical study design to assess the oral tissue tolerance of a potassium oxalate containing mouthrinse. Subjects will have their oral soft/hard tissues assessed and will be evaluated for stain levels and tooth color shades at Screening/Baseline (Visit 1), Week 4 (Visit 2), Week 6 (Visit 3) and Week 8 (Visit 4). Subjects will be instructed to brush their teeth two times daily in their usual manner using the provided sodium fluoride toothpaste. Subjects assigned to the mouthrinse group will be instructed to rinse twice daily after brushing.

Study Timeline

• Study Start: 2009-10
• Study First Submitted: 2009-11-05
• Study First Submitted QC: 2009-11-05
• Study First Posted: 2009-11-06
• Primary Completion: 2009-12
• Study Completion: 2009-12
• Status Verified: 2015-06
• Results First Submitted: 2015-06-04
• Results First Submitted QC: 2015-06-04
• Last Update Submitted: 2015-06-04
• Results First Posted: 2015-07-03
• Last Update Posted: 2015-07-03

Recruitment & Eligibility

• Status: COMPLETED
• Sex: All
• Target Recruitment: 96

Inclusion Criteria

• Males and females at least 18 years of age and in good general and oral health.
• Volunteers must read, sign, and receive a signed copy of the Informed Consent Form after the nature of the study has been fully explained.
• Willingness to use the assigned products according to instructions, availability for appointments and likelihood of completing the study.
• Willingness to refrain from using any breath freshener products or unassigned oral care products (i.e., oral care strips, candy-type mints, sprays, chewing gums, throat lozenges, cough drops, mouthwashes or teeth whitening products) throughout the duration of the study.
• Willingness to refrain from using any whitening products and smokeless tobacco products within one week prior to and for the duration of the study, in order to reduce alternate sources of potential irritation.
• A minimum of 16 natural teeth, including at least 10 of the 12 anterior teeth (#6-11, #22-27, however, #7-10 must be present), with scorable facial and lingual surfaces. Teeth that are grossly carious, fully crowned or extensively restored on facial and/or lingual surfaces, orthodontically banded, abutments, or third molars will not be included in the tooth count.
• Classic Vita® Shade minimum value of A2 or darker on at least 2 of the 4 maxillary anterior teeth (#7-10).
• Absence of abnormal or severely fissured tongue, geographic tongue, tongue piercing or any obvious tongue abnormalities that may interfere with the assessment of oral irritation.
• Adequate oral hygiene (i.e., brush teeth daily and exhibit no signs of oral neglect).
• Absence of neglected dental health (i.e. gross calculus deposits or rampant caries based on visual examination), significant oral soft tissue pathology, systemically-related gingival enlargement, tissue damage due to ill-fitting appliances or restoration, or extreme crowding or overlapping of teeth

Read More

Exclusion Criteria

• Physical limitations or restrictions that might preclude use of normal oral hygiene procedures (i.e., toothbrushing, etc.).
• History of significant adverse effects following use of oral hygiene products such as toothpastes and mouthrinses.
• History or current evidence of significant oral soft tissue pathology, excluding gingivitis, based on the dentist's visual examination and at the discretion of the investigator.
• Prior participation in any oral hygiene or product clinical study within the previous 30 days.
• Therapy with any medications, currently or within the last 30 days, which might interfere with the outcome of the study by affecting tooth color or stain formation (i.e., certain antimicrobial mouthrinses and antibiotics, such as chlorhexidine).
• Restorations on 10% or more of the facial surfaces of the maxillary anterior incisor teeth.
• Dental fluorosis, hypoplasia, restorations, tetracycline stains, or other enamel surface irregularities that may interfere with evaluation of the selected teeth.
• Visual evidence of Moderate/advanced periodontitis (ADA Type III, IV). Orthodontic bands, appliances, bridges, numerous crowns, removable orthodontic appliances or partial dentures.
• Self-reported pregnancy or lactation (this criterion is due to oral tissue changes related to pregnancy and nursing which can affect interpretation of study results).
• Regular use of whitening products within 1 week prior to Screening/Baseline. Other severe, acute or chronic medical or psychiatric condition or laboratory abnormality that may increase the risk associated with trial participation or investigational product administration or may interfere with the interpretation of trial result and, in the judgment of the investigator, would make the subject inappropriate for the entry into this trial.

Read More

Study & Design

• Study Type: INTERVENTIONAL
• Study Design: PARALLEL

Arm && Interventions

Group	Intervention	Description
Potassium Oxylate	Potassium Oxylate Mouthwash	1.5% potassium oxalate sensitive mouthwash
Sodium Fluoride	Sodium Fluoride Dentifrice	Sodium Fluoride Dentifrice

Primary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Oral Tissue Tolerance	through 8 weeks	Oral tissue tolerance was assessed by oral tissue adverse events for which the relationship to treatment was considered as possible, probable, or very likely. If the relationship to treatment was missing, the adverse event was categorized as a treatment-related adverse event.
Change in Tooth Color as Represented by ΔE at 8 Weeks Post Baseline From the CIElab Assessment	8 weeks	The tooth color of the four maxillary incisor teeth (teeth #7-10, facial surface) was measured instrumentally using the MHT SpectroShade System. Assessments were made under standardized lighting conditions after participants brushed their teeth with water. The aperture tip was placed perpendicularly to the facial surface of the tooth and the color measured using the CIElab color system. The changes in the individual L\*, a\*, and b\* color parameters were calculated to determine quantitatively the improvements in tooth lightness, redness, and yellowness, respectively. An overall change in tooth color was calculated using the CIE color equation ΔE = \[(ΔL\*)\^2 + (Δa\*)\^2 + (Δb\*)\^2\]\^1/2. The ΔE was calculated per tooth and then averaged over the teeth for a participant.

Secondary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Change in Tooth Color as Represented by ΔL at 6 Weeks Post Baseline From the CIElab Assessment	6 weeks	The tooth color of the four maxillary incisor teeth (teeth #7-10, facial surface) was measured instrumentally using the MHT SpectroShade System. Assessments were made under standardized lighting conditions after participants brushed their teeth with water. The aperture tip was placed perpendicularly to the facial surface of the tooth and the color measured using the CIElab color system. The change in the individual L\* color parameter was calculated. The ΔL was calculated per tooth and then averaged over the teeth for a participant.
Change in Tooth Color as Represented by ΔE at 6 Weeks Post Baseline From the CIElab Assessment	6 weeks	The tooth color of the four maxillary incisor teeth (teeth #7-10, facial surface) was measured instrumentally using the MHT SpectroShade System. Assessments were made under standardized lighting conditions after participants brushed their teeth with water. The aperture tip was placed perpendicularly to the facial surface of the tooth and the color measured using the CIElab color system. The changes in the individual L\*, a\*, and b\* color parameters were calculated to determine quantitatively the improvements in tooth lightness, redness, and yellowness, respectively. An overall change in tooth color was calculated using the CIE color equation ΔE = \[(ΔL\*)\^2 + (Δa\*)\^2 + (Δb\*)\^2\]\^1/2. The ΔE was calculated per tooth and then averaged over the teeth for a participant.
Change in Tooth Color as Represented by ΔL at 8 Weeks Post Baseline From the CIElab Assessment	8 weeks	The tooth color of the four maxillary incisor teeth (teeth #7-10, facial surface) was measured instrumentally using the MHT SpectroShade System. Assessments were made under standardized lighting conditions after participants brushed their teeth with water. The aperture tip was placed perpendicularly to the facial surface of the tooth and the color measured using the CIElab color system. The change in the individual L\* color parameter was calculated. The ΔL was calculated per tooth and then averaged over the teeth for a participant.
Change in Tooth Color as Represented by Δb at 4 Weeks Post Baseline From the CIElab Assessment	4 weeks	The tooth color of the four maxillary incisor teeth (teeth #7-10, facial surface) was measured instrumentally using the MHT SpectroShade System. Assessments were made under standardized lighting conditions after participants brushed their teeth with water. The aperture tip was placed perpendicularly to the facial surface of the tooth and the color measured using the CIElab color system. The change in the individual b\* color parameter was calculated. The Δb was calculated per tooth and then averaged over the teeth for a participant.
Mean Stain Score Over All Tooth Sites at 6 Weeks	6 weeks	The mean stain score (0-9) per participant was determined by multiplying the individual area and intensity scores from each region and summing them then dividing by the number of sites scored. The facial and lingual surfaces of the maxillary and mandibular anterior teeth (teeth #6-11 and #22-27) were scored using the Macpherson Modification of the Lobene Stain Index. Each surface was divided into 4 regions (gingival, mesial, distal, and body). All four regions were scored for area and intensity according to the following criteria. Stain area for mesial, gingival, and distal regions were scored on a 4-point ordinal scale (0=no stain present, natural tooth color; 3=stain covers entire area) and for the body of tooth on a 4-point ordinal scale (0=no stain present, natural tooth color; 3=stain outside pits/grooves, over 10% of surface affected). The intensity of yellow-brown stains occurring in each region was assessed on a 4-point ordinal scale (0=no stain; 3=heavy, dark stain).
Mean Stain Intensity Over All Tooth Sites at 6 Weeks	6 weeks	The facial and lingual surfaces of the maxillary and mandibular anterior teeth (teeth #6-11 and #22-27) were scored using the Macpherson Modification of the Lobene Stain Index. Each surface was divided into 4 regions (gingival, mesial, distal, and body). All four regions were scored for intensity according to the following criteria. The intensity of yellow-brown stains occurring in each region is unrelated to the area covered with stained pellicle. All four regions were assessed on a 4-point ordinal scale as 0=no stain, 1=faint stain (can be seen with close examination), 2=moderate stain (clearly visible and aesthetically unacceptable), 3=heavy, dark stain (obvious and aesthetically unacceptable).
Mean Stain Area Over All Tooth Sites at 4 Weeks	4 weeks	The facial and lingual surfaces of the maxillary and mandibular anterior teeth (teeth #6-11 and #22-27) were scored using the Macpherson Modification of the Lobene Stain Index. Each surface was divided into 4 regions (gingival, mesial, distal, and body). All four regions were scored for area according to the following criteria. Stain area for mesial, gingival, and distal regions were scored as 0=no stain present, natural tooth color; 1=thin line of stain, may be discontinuous; 2=thick line or band of stain; 3=stain covers entire area and for the body of tooth as 0=no stain present, natural tooth color, 1=stain limited to pits and grooves; 2=stain outside pits/grooves, up to 10% of surface affected; 3=stain outside pits/grooves, over 10% of surface affected.
Mean Stain Score for Interproximal (Mesial and Distal) Sites at 6 Weeks	6 weeks	The mean stain score (0-9) per participant was determined by multiplying the individual area and intensity scores from each region and summing them then dividing by the number of sites scored. The facial and lingual surfaces of the maxillary and mandibular anterior teeth (teeth #6-11 and #22-27) were scored using the Macpherson Modification of the Lobene Stain Index. Each surface was divided into 4 regions (gingival, mesial, distal, and body). Stain area for mesial and distal regions were scored on a 4-point ordinal scale (0=no stain present, natural tooth color; 3=stain covers entire area). The intensity of yellow-brown stains occurring in each region was assessed on a 4-point ordinal scale (0=no stain; 3=heavy, dark stain).
Mean Stain Score for Gingival Sites at 6 Weeks	6 weeks	The mean stain score (0-9) per participant was determined by multiplying the individual area and intensity scores from each region and summing them then dividing by the number of sites scored. The facial and lingual surfaces of the maxillary and mandibular anterior teeth (teeth #6-11 and #22-27) were scored using the Macpherson Modification of the Lobene Stain Index. Each surface was divided into 4 regions (gingival, mesial, distal, and body). Stain area for gingival regions were scored on a 4-point ordinal scale (0=no stain present, natural tooth color; 3=stain covers entire area) and for the body of tooth on a 4-point ordinal scale (0=no stain present, natural tooth color; 3=stain outside pits/grooves, over 10% of surface affected). The intensity of yellow-brown stains occurring in each region was assessed on a 4-point ordinal scale (0=no stain; 3=heavy, dark stain).
Change in Tooth Color as Represented by ΔE at 4 Weeks Post Baseline From the CIElab Assessment	4 weeks	The tooth color of the four maxillary incisor teeth (teeth #7-10, facial surface) was measured instrumentally using the MHT SpectroShade System. Assessments were made under standardized lighting conditions after participants brushed their teeth with water. The aperture tip was placed perpendicularly to the facial surface of the tooth and the color measured using the CIElab color system. The changes in the individual L\*, a\*, and b\* color parameters were calculated to determine quantitatively the improvements in tooth lightness, redness, and yellowness, respectively. An overall change in tooth color was calculated using the CIE color equation ΔE = \[(ΔL\*)\^2 + (Δa\*)\^2 + (Δb\*)\^2\]\^1/2. The ΔE was calculated per tooth and then averaged over the teeth for a participant.
Change in Tooth Color as Represented by ΔL at 4 Weeks Post Baseline From the CIElab Assessment	4 weeks	The tooth color of the four maxillary incisor teeth (teeth #7-10, facial surface) was measured instrumentally using the MHT SpectroShade System. Assessments were made under standardized lighting conditions after participants brushed their teeth with water. The aperture tip was placed perpendicularly to the facial surface of the tooth and the color measured using the CIElab color system. The change in the individual L\* color parameter was calculated. The ΔL was calculated per tooth and then averaged over the teeth for a participant.
Change in Tooth Color as Represented by Δb at 6 Weeks Post Baseline From the CIElab Assessment	6 weeks	The tooth color of the four maxillary incisor teeth (teeth #7-10, facial surface) was measured instrumentally using the MHT SpectroShade System. Assessments were made under standardized lighting conditions after participants brushed their teeth with water. The aperture tip was placed perpendicularly to the facial surface of the tooth and the color measured using the CIElab color system. The change in the individual b\* color parameter was calculated. The Δb was calculated per tooth and then averaged over the teeth for a participant.
Change in Tooth Color as Represented by Δb at 8 Weeks Post Baseline From the CIElab Assessment	8 weeks	The tooth color of the four maxillary incisor teeth (teeth #7-10, facial surface) was measured instrumentally using the MHT SpectroShade System. Assessments were made under standardized lighting conditions after participants brushed their teeth with water. The aperture tip was placed perpendicularly to the facial surface of the tooth and the color measured using the CIElab color system. The change in the individual b\* color parameter was calculated. The Δb was calculated per tooth and then averaged over the teeth for a participant.
Mean Stain Area Over All Tooth Sites at 8 Weeks	8 weeks	The facial and lingual surfaces of the maxillary and mandibular anterior teeth (teeth #6-11 and #22-27) were scored using the Macpherson Modification of the Lobene Stain Index. Each surface was divided into 4 regions (gingival, mesial, distal, and body). All four regions were scored for area according to the following criteria. Stain area for mesial, gingival, and distal regions were scored as 0=no stain present, natural tooth color; 1=thin line of stain, may be discontinuous; 2=thick line or band of stain; 3=stain covers entire area and for the body of tooth as 0=no stain present, natural tooth color, 1=stain limited to pits and grooves; 2=stain outside pits/grooves, up to 10% of surface affected; 3=stain outside pits/grooves, over 10% of surface affected.
Mean Stain Score for Interproximal (Mesial and Distal) Sites at 8 Weeks	8 weeks	The mean stain score (0-9) per participant was determined by multiplying the individual area and intensity scores from each region and summing them then dividing by the number of sites scored. The facial and lingual surfaces of the maxillary and mandibular anterior teeth (teeth #6-11 and #22-27) were scored using the Macpherson Modification of the Lobene Stain Index. Each surface was divided into 4 regions (gingival, mesial, distal, and body). Stain area for mesial and distal regions were scored on a 4-point ordinal scale (0=no stain present, natural tooth color; 3=stain covers entire area). The intensity of yellow-brown stains occurring in each region was assessed on a 4-point ordinal scale (0=no stain; 3=heavy, dark stain).
Mean Stain Intensity For Interproximal (Mesial and Distal) Sites at 8 Weeks	8 weeks	The facial and lingual surfaces of the maxillary and mandibular anterior teeth (teeth #6-11 and #22-27) were scored using the Macpherson Modification of the Lobene Stain Index. Each surface was divided into 4 regions (gingival, mesial, distal, and body). The interproximal (mesial and distal) regions were scored for intensity according to the following criteria. The intensity of yellow-brown stains occurring in each region is unrelated to the area covered with stained pellicle. The regions were assessed on a 4-point ordinal scale as 0=no stain, 1=faint stain (can be seen with close examination), 2=moderate stain (clearly visible and aesthetically unacceptable), 3=heavy, dark stain (obvious and aesthetically unacceptable).
Mean Stain Area for Interproximal (Mesial and Distal) Sites at 8 Weeks	8 weeks	The facial and lingual surfaces of the maxillary and mandibular anterior teeth (teeth #6-11 and #22-27) were scored using the Macpherson Modification of the Lobene Stain Index. Each surface was divided into 4 regions (gingival, mesial, distal, and body). The interproximal (mesial and distal) regions were scored for area according to the following criteria. Stain area for mesial and distal regions were scored as 0=no stain present, natural tooth color; 1=thin line of stain, may be discontinuous; 2=thick line or band of stain; 3=stain covers entire area.
Mean Stain Score Over All Tooth Sites at 4 Weeks	4 weeks	The mean stain score (0-9) per participant was determined by multiplying the individual area and intensity scores from each region and summing them then dividing by the number of sites scored. The facial and lingual surfaces of the maxillary and mandibular anterior teeth (teeth #6-11 and #22-27) were scored using the Macpherson Modification of the Lobene Stain Index. Each surface was divided into 4 regions (gingival, mesial, distal, and body). All four regions were scored for area and intensity according to the following criteria. Stain area for mesial, gingival, and distal regions were scored on a 4-point ordinal scale (0=no stain present, natural tooth color; 3=stain covers entire area) and for the body of tooth on a 4-point ordinal scale (0=no stain present, natural tooth color; 3=stain outside pits/grooves, over 10% of surface affected). The intensity of yellow-brown stains occurring in each region was assessed on a 4-point ordinal scale (0=no stain; 3=heavy, dark stain).
Mean Stain Score Over All Tooth Sites at 8 Weeks	8 weeks	The mean stain score (0-9) per participant was determined by multiplying the individual area and intensity scores from each region and summing them then dividing by the number of sites scored. The facial and lingual surfaces of the maxillary and mandibular anterior teeth (teeth #6-11 and #22-27) were scored using the Macpherson Modification of the Lobene Stain Index. Each surface was divided into 4 regions (gingival, mesial, distal, and body). All four regions were scored for area and intensity according to the following criteria. Stain area for mesial, gingival, and distal regions were scored on a 4-point ordinal scale (0=no stain present, natural tooth color; 3=stain covers entire area) and for the body of tooth on a 4-point ordinal scale (0=no stain present, natural tooth color; 3=stain outside pits/grooves, over 10% of surface affected). The intensity of yellow-brown stains occurring in each region was assessed on a 4-point ordinal scale (0=no stain; 3=heavy, dark stain).
Mean Stain Intensity Over All Tooth Sites at 4 Weeks	4 weeks	The facial and lingual surfaces of the maxillary and mandibular anterior teeth (teeth #6-11 and #22-27) were scored using the Macpherson Modification of the Lobene Stain Index. Each surface was divided into 4 regions (gingival, mesial, distal, and body). All four regions were scored for intensity according to the following criteria. The intensity of yellow-brown stains occurring in each region is unrelated to the area covered with stained pellicle. All four regions were assessed on a 4-point ordinal scale as 0=no stain, 1=faint stain (can be seen with close examination), 2=moderate stain (clearly visible and aesthetically unacceptable), 3=heavy, dark stain (obvious and aesthetically unacceptable).
Mean Stain Score for Interproximal (Mesial and Distal) Sites at 4 Weeks	4 weeks	The mean stain score (0-9) per participant was determined by multiplying the individual area and intensity scores from each region and summing them then dividing by the number of sites scored. The facial and lingual surfaces of the maxillary and mandibular anterior teeth (teeth #6-11 and #22-27) were scored using the Macpherson Modification of the Lobene Stain Index. Each surface was divided into 4 regions (gingival, mesial, distal, and body). Stain area for mesial and distal regions were scored on a 4-point ordinal scale (0=no stain present, natural tooth color; 3=stain covers entire area). The intensity of yellow-brown stains occurring in each region was assessed on a 4-point ordinal scale (0=no stain; 3=heavy, dark stain).
Mean Stain Area for Gingival Sites at 6 Weeks	6 weeks	The facial and lingual surfaces of the maxillary and mandibular anterior teeth (teeth #6-11 and #22-27) were scored using the Macpherson Modification of the Lobene Stain Index. Each surface was divided into 4 regions (gingival, mesial, distal, and body). The gingival regions were scored for area according to the following criteria. Stain area for gingival regions were scored as 0=no stain present, natural tooth color; 1=thin line of stain, may be discontinuous; 2=thick line or band of stain; 3=stain covers entire area.
Mean Stain Intensity Over All Tooth Sites at 8 Weeks	8 weeks	The facial and lingual surfaces of the maxillary and mandibular anterior teeth (teeth #6-11 and #22-27) were scored using the Macpherson Modification of the Lobene Stain Index. Each surface was divided into 4 regions (gingival, mesial, distal, and body). All four regions were scored for intensity according to the following criteria. The intensity of yellow-brown stains occurring in each region is unrelated to the area covered with stained pellicle. All four regions were assessed on a 4-point ordinal scale as 0=no stain, 1=faint stain (can be seen with close examination), 2=moderate stain (clearly visible and aesthetically unacceptable), 3=heavy, dark stain (obvious and aesthetically unacceptable).
Mean Stain Intensity For Interproximal (Mesial and Distal) Sites at 4 Weeks	4 weeks	The facial and lingual surfaces of the maxillary and mandibular anterior teeth (teeth #6-11 and #22-27) were scored using the Macpherson Modification of the Lobene Stain Index. Each surface was divided into 4 regions (gingival, mesial, distal, and body). The interproximal (mesial and distal) regions were scored for intensity according to the following criteria. The intensity of yellow-brown stains occurring in each region is unrelated to the area covered with stained pellicle. The regions were assessed on a 4-point ordinal scale as 0=no stain, 1=faint stain (can be seen with close examination), 2=moderate stain (clearly visible and aesthetically unacceptable), 3=heavy, dark stain (obvious and aesthetically unacceptable).
Mean Stain Intensity For Interproximal (Mesial and Distal) Sites at 6 Weeks	6 weeks	The facial and lingual surfaces of the maxillary and mandibular anterior teeth (teeth #6-11 and #22-27) were scored using the Macpherson Modification of the Lobene Stain Index. Each surface was divided into 4 regions (gingival, mesial, distal, and body). The interproximal (mesial and distal) regions were scored for intensity according to the following criteria. The intensity of yellow-brown stains occurring in each region is unrelated to the area covered with stained pellicle. The regions were assessed on a 4-point ordinal scale as 0=no stain, 1=faint stain (can be seen with close examination), 2=moderate stain (clearly visible and aesthetically unacceptable), 3=heavy, dark stain (obvious and aesthetically unacceptable).
Mean Stain Area for Interproximal (Mesial and Distal) Sites at 6 Weeks	6 weeks	The facial and lingual surfaces of the maxillary and mandibular anterior teeth (teeth #6-11 and #22-27) were scored using the Macpherson Modification of the Lobene Stain Index. Each surface was divided into 4 regions (gingival, mesial, distal, and body). The interproximal (mesial and distal) regions were scored for area according to the following criteria. Stain area for mesial and distal regions were scored as 0=no stain present, natural tooth color; 1=thin line of stain, may be discontinuous; 2=thick line or band of stain; 3=stain covers entire area.
Mean Stain Score for Gingival Sites at 4 Weeks	4 weeks	The mean stain score (0-9) per participant was determined by multiplying the individual area and intensity scores from each region and summing them then dividing by the number of sites scored. The facial and lingual surfaces of the maxillary and mandibular anterior teeth (teeth #6-11 and #22-27) were scored using the Macpherson Modification of the Lobene Stain Index. Each surface was divided into 4 regions (gingival, mesial, distal, and body). Stain area for gingival regions were scored on a 4-point ordinal scale (0=no stain present, natural tooth color; 3=stain covers entire area) and for the body of tooth on a 4-point ordinal scale (0=no stain present, natural tooth color; 3=stain outside pits/grooves, over 10% of surface affected). The intensity of yellow-brown stains occurring in each region was assessed on a 4-point ordinal scale (0=no stain; 3=heavy, dark stain).
Mean Stain Score for Gingival Sites at 8 Weeks	8 weeks	The mean stain score (0-9) per participant was determined by multiplying the individual area and intensity scores from each region and summing them then dividing by the number of sites scored. The facial and lingual surfaces of the maxillary and mandibular anterior teeth (teeth #6-11 and #22-27) were scored using the Macpherson Modification of the Lobene Stain Index. Each surface was divided into 4 regions (gingival, mesial, distal, and body). Stain area for gingival regions were scored on a 4-point ordinal scale (0=no stain present, natural tooth color; 3=stain covers entire area) and for the body of tooth on a 4-point ordinal scale (0=no stain present, natural tooth color; 3=stain outside pits/grooves, over 10% of surface affected). The intensity of yellow-brown stains occurring in each region was assessed on a 4-point ordinal scale (0=no stain; 3=heavy, dark stain).
Mean Stain Area Over All Tooth Sites at 6 Weeks	6 weeks	The facial and lingual surfaces of the maxillary and mandibular anterior teeth (teeth #6-11 and #22-27) were scored using the Macpherson Modification of the Lobene Stain Index. Each surface was divided into 4 regions (gingival, mesial, distal, and body). All four regions were scored for area according to the following criteria. Stain area for mesial, gingival, and distal regions were scored as 0=no stain present, natural tooth color; 1=thin line of stain, may be discontinuous; 2=thick line or band of stain; 3=stain covers entire area and for the body of tooth as 0=no stain present, natural tooth color, 1=stain limited to pits and grooves; 2=stain outside pits/grooves, up to 10% of surface affected; 3=stain outside pits/grooves, over 10% of surface affected.
Mean Stain Area for Interproximal (Mesial and Distal) Sites at 4 Weeks	4 weeks	The facial and lingual surfaces of the maxillary and mandibular anterior teeth (teeth #6-11 and #22-27) were scored using the Macpherson Modification of the Lobene Stain Index. Each surface was divided into 4 regions (gingival, mesial, distal, and body). The interproximal (mesial and distal) regions were scored for area according to the following criteria. Stain area for mesial and distal regions were scored as 0=no stain present, natural tooth color; 1=thin line of stain, may be discontinuous; 2=thick line or band of stain; 3=stain covers entire area.
Mean Stain Intensity for Body Sites at 4 Weeks	4 weeks	The facial and lingual surfaces of the maxillary and mandibular anterior teeth (teeth #6-11 and #22-27) were scored using the Macpherson Modification of the Lobene Stain Index. Each surface was divided into 4 regions (gingival, mesial, distal, and body). The body regions were scored for intensity according to the following criteria. The intensity of yellow-brown stains occurring in each region is unrelated to the area covered with stained pellicle. The body regions were assessed on a 4-point ordinal scale as 0=no stain, 1=faint stain (can be seen with close examination), 2=moderate stain (clearly visible and aesthetically unacceptable), 3=heavy, dark stain (obvious and aesthetically unacceptable).
Mean Stain Intensity for Body Sites at 6 Weeks	6 weeks	The facial and lingual surfaces of the maxillary and mandibular anterior teeth (teeth #6-11 and #22-27) were scored using the Macpherson Modification of the Lobene Stain Index. Each surface was divided into 4 regions (gingival, mesial, distal, and body). The body regions were scored for intensity according to the following criteria. The intensity of yellow-brown stains occurring in each region is unrelated to the area covered with stained pellicle. The body regions were assessed on a 4-point ordinal scale as 0=no stain, 1=faint stain (can be seen with close examination), 2=moderate stain (clearly visible and aesthetically unacceptable), 3=heavy, dark stain (obvious and aesthetically unacceptable).
Mean Stain Intensity for Facial Sites at 6 Weeks	6 weeks	The facial surfaces of the maxillary and mandibular anterior teeth (teeth #6-11 and #22-27) were scored using the Macpherson Modification of the Lobene Stain Index. Each surface was divided into 4 regions (gingival, mesial, distal, and body). All four regions were scored for intensity according to the following criteria. The intensity of yellow-brown stains occurring in each region is unrelated to the area covered with stained pellicle. All four regions were assessed on a 4-point ordinal scale as 0=no stain, 1=faint stain (can be seen with close examination), 2=moderate stain (clearly visible and aesthetically unacceptable), 3=heavy, dark stain (obvious and aesthetically unacceptable).
Mean Stain Intensity for Gingival Sites at 4 Weeks	4 weeks	The facial and lingual surfaces of the maxillary and mandibular anterior teeth (teeth #6-11 and #22-27) were scored using the Macpherson Modification of the Lobene Stain Index. Each surface was divided into 4 regions (gingival, mesial, distal, and body). The gingival regions were scored for intensity according to the following criteria. The intensity of yellow-brown stains occurring in each region is unrelated to the area covered with stained pellicle. The gingival regions were assessed on a 4-point ordinal scale as 0=no stain, 1=faint stain (can be seen with close examination), 2=moderate stain (clearly visible and aesthetically unacceptable), 3=heavy, dark stain (obvious and aesthetically unacceptable).
Mean Stain Intensity for Gingival Sites at 8 Weeks	8 weeks	The facial and lingual surfaces of the maxillary and mandibular anterior teeth (teeth #6-11 and #22-27) were scored using the Macpherson Modification of the Lobene Stain Index. Each surface was divided into 4 regions (gingival, mesial, distal, and body). The gingival regions were scored for intensity according to the following criteria. The intensity of yellow-brown stains occurring in each region is unrelated to the area covered with stained pellicle. The gingival regions were assessed on a 4-point ordinal scale as 0=no stain, 1=faint stain (can be seen with close examination), 2=moderate stain (clearly visible and aesthetically unacceptable), 3=heavy, dark stain (obvious and aesthetically unacceptable).
Mean Stain Area for Gingival Sites at 4 Weeks	4 weeks	The facial and lingual surfaces of the maxillary and mandibular anterior teeth (teeth #6-11 and #22-27) were scored using the Macpherson Modification of the Lobene Stain Index. Each surface was divided into 4 regions (gingival, mesial, distal, and body). The gingival regions were scored for area according to the following criteria. Stain area for gingival regions were scored as 0=no stain present, natural tooth color; 1=thin line of stain, may be discontinuous; 2=thick line or band of stain; 3=stain covers entire area.
Mean Stain Area for Gingival Sites at 8 Weeks	8 weeks	The facial and lingual surfaces of the maxillary and mandibular anterior teeth (teeth #6-11 and #22-27) were scored using the Macpherson Modification of the Lobene Stain Index. Each surface was divided into 4 regions (gingival, mesial, distal, and body). The gingival regions were scored for area according to the following criteria. Stain area for gingival regions were scored as 0=no stain present, natural tooth color; 1=thin line of stain, may be discontinuous; 2=thick line or band of stain; 3=stain covers entire area.
Mean Stain Intensity for Body Sites at 8 Weeks	8 weeks	The facial and lingual surfaces of the maxillary and mandibular anterior teeth (teeth #6-11 and #22-27) were scored using the Macpherson Modification of the Lobene Stain Index. Each surface was divided into 4 regions (gingival, mesial, distal, and body). The body regions were scored for intensity according to the following criteria. The intensity of yellow-brown stains occurring in each region is unrelated to the area covered with stained pellicle. The body regions were assessed on a 4-point ordinal scale as 0=no stain, 1=faint stain (can be seen with close examination), 2=moderate stain (clearly visible and aesthetically unacceptable), 3=heavy, dark stain (obvious and aesthetically unacceptable).
Mean Stain Area for Body Sites at 8 Weeks	8 weeks	The facial and lingual surfaces of the maxillary and mandibular anterior teeth (teeth #6-11 and #22-27) were scored using the Macpherson Modification of the Lobene Stain Index. Each surface was divided into 4 regions (gingival, mesial, distal, and body). The body regions were scored for area according to the following criteria. Stain area for the body of the tooth was scored as 0=no stain present, natural tooth color, 1=stain limited to pits and grooves; 2=stain outside pits/grooves, up to 10% of surface affected; 3=stain outside pits/grooves, over 10% of surface affected.
Mean Stain Intensity for Gingival Sites at 6 Weeks	6 weeks	The facial and lingual surfaces of the maxillary and mandibular anterior teeth (teeth #6-11 and #22-27) were scored using the Macpherson Modification of the Lobene Stain Index. Each surface was divided into 4 regions (gingival, mesial, distal, and body). The gingival regions were scored for intensity according to the following criteria. The intensity of yellow-brown stains occurring in each region is unrelated to the area covered with stained pellicle. The gingival regions were assessed on a 4-point ordinal scale as 0=no stain, 1=faint stain (can be seen with close examination), 2=moderate stain (clearly visible and aesthetically unacceptable), 3=heavy, dark stain (obvious and aesthetically unacceptable).
Mean Stain Score for Body Sites at 4 Weeks	4 weeks	The mean stain score (0-9) per participant was determined by multiplying the individual area and intensity scores from each region and summing them then dividing by the number of sites scored. The facial and lingual surfaces of the maxillary and mandibular anterior teeth (teeth #6-11 and #22-27) were scored using the Macpherson Modification of the Lobene Stain Index. Each surface was divided into 4 regions (gingival, mesial, distal, and body). Stain area for the body of the tooth was scored on a 4-point ordinal scale (0=no stain present, natural tooth color; 3=stain outside pits/grooves, over 10% of surface affected). The intensity of yellow-brown stains occurring in each region was assessed on a 4-point ordinal scale (0=no stain; 3=heavy, dark stain).
Mean Stain Score for Lingual Sites at 4 Weeks	4 weeks	The mean stain score (0-9) per participant was determined by multiplying the individual area and intensity scores from each region and summing them then dividing by the number of sites scored. The lingual surfaces of the maxillary and mandibular anterior teeth (teeth #6-11 and #22-27) were scored using the Macpherson Modification of the Lobene Stain Index. Each surface was divided into 4 regions (gingival, mesial, distal, and body). All four regions were scored for area and intensity according to the following criteria. Stain area for mesial, gingival, and distal regions were scored on a 4-point ordinal scale (0=no stain present, natural tooth color; 3=stain covers entire area) and for the body of tooth on a 4-point ordinal scale (0=no stain present, natural tooth color; 3=stain outside pits/grooves, over 10% of surface affected). The intensity of yellow-brown stains occurring in each region was assessed on a 4-point ordinal scale (0=no stain; 3=heavy, dark stain).
Mean Stain Area for Lingual Sites at 8 Weeks	8 weeks	The lingual surfaces of the maxillary and mandibular anterior teeth (teeth #6-11 and #22-27) were scored using the Macpherson Modification of the Lobene Stain Index. Each surface was divided into 4 regions (gingival, mesial, distal, and body). All four regions were scored for area according to the following criteria. Stain area for mesial, gingival, and distal regions were scored as 0=no stain present, natural tooth color; 1=thin line of stain, may be discontinuous; 2=thick line or band of stain; 3=stain covers entire area and for the body of tooth as 0=no stain present, natural tooth color, 1=stain limited to pits and grooves; 2=stain outside pits/grooves, up to 10% of surface affected; 3=stain outside pits/grooves, over 10% of surface affected.
Mean Stain Score for Body Sites at 6 Weeks	6 weeks	The mean stain score (0-9) per participant was determined by multiplying the individual area and intensity scores from each region and summing them then dividing by the number of sites scored. The facial and lingual surfaces of the maxillary and mandibular anterior teeth (teeth #6-11 and #22-27) were scored using the Macpherson Modification of the Lobene Stain Index. Each surface was divided into 4 regions (gingival, mesial, distal, and body). Stain area for the body of the tooth was scored on a 4-point ordinal scale (0=no stain present, natural tooth color; 3=stain outside pits/grooves, over 10% of surface affected). The intensity of yellow-brown stains occurring in each region was assessed on a 4-point ordinal scale (0=no stain; 3=heavy, dark stain).
Mean Stain Area for Body Sites at 4 Weeks	4 weeks	The facial and lingual surfaces of the maxillary and mandibular anterior teeth (teeth #6-11 and #22-27) were scored using the Macpherson Modification of the Lobene Stain Index. Each surface was divided into 4 regions (gingival, mesial, distal, and body). The body regions were scored for area according to the following criteria. Stain area for the body of the tooth was scored as 0=no stain present, natural tooth color, 1=stain limited to pits and grooves; 2=stain outside pits/grooves, up to 10% of surface affected; 3=stain outside pits/grooves, over 10% of surface affected.
Mean Stain Area for Facial Sites at 4 Weeks	4 weeks	The facial surfaces of the maxillary and mandibular anterior teeth (teeth #6-11 and #22-27) were scored using the Macpherson Modification of the Lobene Stain Index. Each surface was divided into 4 regions (gingival, mesial, distal, and body). All four regions were scored for area according to the following criteria. Stain area for mesial, gingival, and distal regions were scored as 0=no stain present, natural tooth color; 1=thin line of stain, may be discontinuous; 2=thick line or band of stain; 3=stain covers entire area and for the body of tooth as 0=no stain present, natural tooth color, 1=stain limited to pits and grooves; 2=stain outside pits/grooves, up to 10% of surface affected; 3=stain outside pits/grooves, over 10% of surface affected.
Mean Stain Area for Facial Sites at 8 Weeks	8 weeks	The facial surfaces of the maxillary and mandibular anterior teeth (teeth #6-11 and #22-27) were scored using the Macpherson Modification of the Lobene Stain Index. Each surface was divided into 4 regions (gingival, mesial, distal, and body). All four regions were scored for area according to the following criteria. Stain area for mesial, gingival, and distal regions were scored as 0=no stain present, natural tooth color; 1=thin line of stain, may be discontinuous; 2=thick line or band of stain; 3=stain covers entire area and for the body of tooth as 0=no stain present, natural tooth color, 1=stain limited to pits and grooves; 2=stain outside pits/grooves, up to 10% of surface affected; 3=stain outside pits/grooves, over 10% of surface affected.
Mean Stain Score for Lingual Sites at 6 Weeks	6 weeks	The mean stain score (0-9) per participant was determined by multiplying the individual area and intensity scores from each region and summing them then dividing by the number of sites scored. The lingual surfaces of the maxillary and mandibular anterior teeth (teeth #6-11 and #22-27) were scored using the Macpherson Modification of the Lobene Stain Index. Each surface was divided into 4 regions (gingival, mesial, distal, and body). All four regions were scored for area and intensity according to the following criteria. Stain area for mesial, gingival, and distal regions were scored on a 4-point ordinal scale (0=no stain present, natural tooth color; 3=stain covers entire area) and for the body of tooth on a 4-point ordinal scale (0=no stain present, natural tooth color; 3=stain outside pits/grooves, over 10% of surface affected). The intensity of yellow-brown stains occurring in each region was assessed on a 4-point ordinal scale (0=no stain; 3=heavy, dark stain).
Mean Stain Score for Body Sites at 8 Weeks	8 weeks	The mean stain score (0-9) per participant was determined by multiplying the individual area and intensity scores from each region and summing them then dividing by the number of sites scored. The facial and lingual surfaces of the maxillary and mandibular anterior teeth (teeth #6-11 and #22-27) were scored using the Macpherson Modification of the Lobene Stain Index. Each surface was divided into 4 regions (gingival, mesial, distal, and body). Stain area for the body of the tooth was scored on a 4-point ordinal scale (0=no stain present, natural tooth color; 3=stain outside pits/grooves, over 10% of surface affected). The intensity of yellow-brown stains occurring in each region was assessed on a 4-point ordinal scale (0=no stain; 3=heavy, dark stain).
Mean Stain Area for Body Sites at 6 Weeks	6 weeks	The facial and lingual surfaces of the maxillary and mandibular anterior teeth (teeth #6-11 and #22-27) were scored using the Macpherson Modification of the Lobene Stain Index. Each surface was divided into 4 regions (gingival, mesial, distal, and body). The body regions were scored for area according to the following criteria. Stain area for the body of the tooth was scored as 0=no stain present, natural tooth color, 1=stain limited to pits and grooves; 2=stain outside pits/grooves, up to 10% of surface affected; 3=stain outside pits/grooves, over 10% of surface affected.
Mean Stain Score for Facial Sites at 4 Weeks	4 weeks	The mean stain score (0-9) per participant was determined by multiplying the individual area and intensity scores from each region and summing them then dividing by the number of sites scored. The facial surfaces of the maxillary and mandibular anterior teeth (teeth #6-11 and #22-27) were scored using the Macpherson Modification of the Lobene Stain Index. Each surface was divided into 4 regions (gingival, mesial, distal, and body). All four regions were scored for area and intensity according to the following criteria. Stain area for mesial, gingival, and distal regions were scored on a 4-point ordinal scale (0=no stain present, natural tooth color; 3=stain covers entire area) and for the body of tooth on a 4-point ordinal scale (0=no stain present, natural tooth color; 3=stain outside pits/grooves, over 10% of surface affected). The intensity of yellow-brown stains occurring in each region was assessed on a 4-point ordinal scale (0=no stain; 3=heavy, dark stain).
Mean Stain Area for Facial Sites at 6 Weeks	6 weeks	The facial surfaces of the maxillary and mandibular anterior teeth (teeth #6-11 and #22-27) were scored using the Macpherson Modification of the Lobene Stain Index. Each surface was divided into 4 regions (gingival, mesial, distal, and body). All four regions were scored for area according to the following criteria. Stain area for mesial, gingival, and distal regions were scored as 0=no stain present, natural tooth color; 1=thin line of stain, may be discontinuous; 2=thick line or band of stain; 3=stain covers entire area and for the body of tooth as 0=no stain present, natural tooth color, 1=stain limited to pits and grooves; 2=stain outside pits/grooves, up to 10% of surface affected; 3=stain outside pits/grooves, over 10% of surface affected.
Mean Stain Score for Facial Sites at 6 Weeks	6 weeks	The mean stain score (0-9) per participant was determined by multiplying the individual area and intensity scores from each region and summing them then dividing by the number of sites scored. The facial surfaces of the maxillary and mandibular anterior teeth (teeth #6-11 and #22-27) were scored using the Macpherson Modification of the Lobene Stain Index. Each surface was divided into 4 regions (gingival, mesial, distal, and body). All four regions were scored for area and intensity according to the following criteria. Stain area for mesial, gingival, and distal regions were scored on a 4-point ordinal scale (0=no stain present, natural tooth color; 3=stain covers entire area) and for the body of tooth on a 4-point ordinal scale (0=no stain present, natural tooth color; 3=stain outside pits/grooves, over 10% of surface affected). The intensity of yellow-brown stains occurring in each region was assessed on a 4-point ordinal scale (0=no stain; 3=heavy, dark stain).
Mean Stain Score for Facial Sites at 8 Weeks	8 weeks	The mean stain score (0-9) per participant was determined by multiplying the individual area and intensity scores from each region and summing them then dividing by the number of sites scored. The facial surfaces of the maxillary and mandibular anterior teeth (teeth #6-11 and #22-27) were scored using the Macpherson Modification of the Lobene Stain Index. Each surface was divided into 4 regions (gingival, mesial, distal, and body). All four regions were scored for area and intensity according to the following criteria. Stain area for mesial, gingival, and distal regions were scored on a 4-point ordinal scale (0=no stain present, natural tooth color; 3=stain covers entire area) and for the body of tooth on a 4-point ordinal scale (0=no stain present, natural tooth color; 3=stain outside pits/grooves, over 10% of surface affected). The intensity of yellow-brown stains occurring in each region was assessed on a 4-point ordinal scale (0=no stain; 3=heavy, dark stain).
Mean Stain Intensity for Facial Sites at 4 Weeks	4 weeks	The facial surfaces of the maxillary and mandibular anterior teeth (teeth #6-11 and #22-27) were scored using the Macpherson Modification of the Lobene Stain Index. Each surface was divided into 4 regions (gingival, mesial, distal, and body). All four regions were scored for intensity according to the following criteria. The intensity of yellow-brown stains occurring in each region is unrelated to the area covered with stained pellicle. All four regions were assessed on a 4-point ordinal scale as 0=no stain, 1=faint stain (can be seen with close examination), 2=moderate stain (clearly visible and aesthetically unacceptable), 3=heavy, dark stain (obvious and aesthetically unacceptable).
Mean Stain Intensity for Facial Sites at 8 Weeks	8 weeks	The facial surfaces of the maxillary and mandibular anterior teeth (teeth #6-11 and #22-27) were scored using the Macpherson Modification of the Lobene Stain Index. Each surface was divided into 4 regions (gingival, mesial, distal, and body). All four regions were scored for intensity according to the following criteria. The intensity of yellow-brown stains occurring in each region is unrelated to the area covered with stained pellicle. All four regions were assessed on a 4-point ordinal scale as 0=no stain, 1=faint stain (can be seen with close examination), 2=moderate stain (clearly visible and aesthetically unacceptable), 3=heavy, dark stain (obvious and aesthetically unacceptable).
Mean Stain Score for Lingual Sites at 8 Weeks	8 weeks	The mean stain score (0-9) per participant was determined by multiplying the individual area and intensity scores from each region and summing them then dividing by the number of sites scored. The lingual surfaces of the maxillary and mandibular anterior teeth (teeth #6-11 and #22-27) were scored using the Macpherson Modification of the Lobene Stain Index. Each surface was divided into 4 regions (gingival, mesial, distal, and body). All four regions were scored for area and intensity according to the following criteria. Stain area for mesial, gingival, and distal regions were scored on a 4-point ordinal scale (0=no stain present, natural tooth color; 3=stain covers entire area) and for the body of tooth on a 4-point ordinal scale (0=no stain present, natural tooth color; 3=stain outside pits/grooves, over 10% of surface affected). The intensity of yellow-brown stains occurring in each region was assessed on a 4-point ordinal scale (0=no stain; 3=heavy, dark stain).
Mean Stain Intensity for Lingual Sites at 4 Weeks	4 weeks	The lingual surfaces of the maxillary and mandibular anterior teeth (teeth #6-11 and #22-27) were scored using the Macpherson Modification of the Lobene Stain Index. Each surface was divided into 4 regions (gingival, mesial, distal, and body). All four regions were scored for intensity according to the following criteria. The intensity of yellow-brown stains occurring in each region is unrelated to the area covered with stained pellicle. All four regions were assessed on a 4-point ordinal scale as 0=no stain, 1=faint stain (can be seen with close examination), 2=moderate stain (clearly visible and aesthetically unacceptable), 3=heavy, dark stain (obvious and aesthetically unacceptable).
Mean Stain Intensity for Lingual Sites at 6 Weeks	6 weeks	The lingual surfaces of the maxillary and mandibular anterior teeth (teeth #6-11 and #22-27) were scored using the Macpherson Modification of the Lobene Stain Index. Each surface was divided into 4 regions (gingival, mesial, distal, and body). All four regions were scored for intensity according to the following criteria. The intensity of yellow-brown stains occurring in each region is unrelated to the area covered with stained pellicle. All four regions were assessed on a 4-point ordinal scale as 0=no stain, 1=faint stain (can be seen with close examination), 2=moderate stain (clearly visible and aesthetically unacceptable), 3=heavy, dark stain (obvious and aesthetically unacceptable).
Mean Stain Intensity for Lingual Sites at 8 Weeks	8 weeks	The lingual surfaces of the maxillary and mandibular anterior teeth (teeth #6-11 and #22-27) were scored using the Macpherson Modification of the Lobene Stain Index. Each surface was divided into 4 regions (gingival, mesial, distal, and body). All four regions were scored for intensity according to the following criteria. The intensity of yellow-brown stains occurring in each region is unrelated to the area covered with stained pellicle. All four regions were assessed on a 4-point ordinal scale as 0=no stain, 1=faint stain (can be seen with close examination), 2=moderate stain (clearly visible and aesthetically unacceptable), 3=heavy, dark stain (obvious and aesthetically unacceptable).
Mean Stain Area for Lingual Sites at 4 Weeks	4 weeks	The lingual surfaces of the maxillary and mandibular anterior teeth (teeth #6-11 and #22-27) were scored using the Macpherson Modification of the Lobene Stain Index. Each surface was divided into 4 regions (gingival, mesial, distal, and body). All four regions were scored for area according to the following criteria. Stain area for mesial, gingival, and distal regions were scored as 0=no stain present, natural tooth color; 1=thin line of stain, may be discontinuous; 2=thick line or band of stain; 3=stain covers entire area and for the body of tooth as 0=no stain present, natural tooth color, 1=stain limited to pits and grooves; 2=stain outside pits/grooves, up to 10% of surface affected; 3=stain outside pits/grooves, over 10% of surface affected.
Mean Stain Area for Lingual Sites at 6 Weeks	6 weeks	The lingual surfaces of the maxillary and mandibular anterior teeth (teeth #6-11 and #22-27) were scored using the Macpherson Modification of the Lobene Stain Index. Each surface was divided into 4 regions (gingival, mesial, distal, and body). All four regions were scored for area according to the following criteria. Stain area for mesial, gingival, and distal regions were scored as 0=no stain present, natural tooth color; 1=thin line of stain, may be discontinuous; 2=thick line or band of stain; 3=stain covers entire area and for the body of tooth as 0=no stain present, natural tooth color, 1=stain limited to pits and grooves; 2=stain outside pits/grooves, up to 10% of surface affected; 3=stain outside pits/grooves, over 10% of surface affected.

Trial Locations

Locations (1)

TKL Reearch, Inc.; 🇺🇸 Paramus, New Jersey, United States