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LONGITUDINAL FOLLOW-UP STUDY TO DETERMINE THE PREDICTIVE ABILITY OF A PANEL OF BIOMARKERS IN SALIVA IN HEALTHY AND PERIODONTALLY AFFECTED PATIENTS

Not yet recruiting
Conditions
Periodontal Diseases
Registration Number
NCT07167771
Lead Sponsor
Universidad Complutense de Madrid
Brief Summary

Objective: The main aim of this longitudinal clinical study is to evaluate the predictive ability of a panel of salivary biomarkers in determining periodontal health status in 2 years follow up in a group of healthy and periodontally affected individuals.

Material and methods: In this longitudinal, observational follow-up study, patients previously enrolled in a cross-sectional study at the Periodontal Postgraduate Clinic, University Complutense of Madrid, will be re-evaluated over a 2-year period. Participants (≥18 years) will be categorized into diagnostic groups based on the 2018 classification of periodontal diseases, including periodontally healthy, gingivitis, treated periodontitis (stable/unstable), and various stages of periodontitis. The study will include follow-up visits at 1 and 2 years. At each visit, participants will undergo a comprehensive medical examination to assess age, gender, weight, height, waist circumference, blood pressure, temperature, smoking and alcohol history, systemic health, and HbA1c levels. A periodontal examination will be performed at six sites per tooth, and clinical parameters including plaque, bleeding on probing, probing depth, recession, and tooth loss will be recorded. Saliva and subgingival plaque samples will be collected for biomarker and microbiological analysis. Salivary biomarkers will be measured using multiplex immunoassays, and bacterial quantification will be performed by multiplex qPCR. Data analyses: Descriptive statistics will be used to report the clinical variables and patients will be grouped according to the pre-established diagnostic categories (periodontally healthy, gingivitis, treated periodontitis patient. In order to determine the possible statistical relationship with the medical, biochemical and microbiological variables assessed, a crude bivariate analysis will first be performed by applying a mean comparison test for quantitative variables (ANOVA) and a proportion comparison test for categorical variables (Chi-square). Subsequently, those variables identified as relevant in the crude analyses will be included as confounding and/or interaction factors in a binary logistic regression model, considering the presence of periodontitis as a response variable, in order to obtain crude and adjusted OR values, together with their corresponding 95% CIs. Based on the results obtained in the biomarker analysis, a relevant statistical analysis will be performed, taking into account all the variables collected in the study. For periodontitis cases, treatment response over time will be analyzed, with subgroup comparisons between responders and non-responders.

Detailed Description

Not available

Recruitment & Eligibility

Status
NOT_YET_RECRUITING
Sex
All
Target Recruitment
100
Inclusion Criteria
  • Participants from the cohort involved in the previous cross-sectional study (code 23/481-E).
  • Adults (≥ 18-year-old)
  • Being able to sign an informed consent form
  • Willing to participate in this observational investigation
  • Diagnosed as periodontally healthy, gingivitis, treated periodontitis patient (stable / unstable), periodontitis stages I & II, or periodontitis stages III and IV (Papapanou et al. 2023) in the previous cross-sectional study (code 23/481-E)
Exclusion Criteria
  • Patients fitting to all the above inclusion criteria will be excluded from the study if unable to attend to the study-related procedures.

Study & Design

Study Type
OBSERVATIONAL
Study Design
Not specified
Primary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Salivary biomarkersBaseline, 1 and 2 years

Concentrations of specific biomarkers (IL-1 and MMP-8) analyzed using multiplex commercial diagnostic tests.

Secondary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
AgeBaseline, 1 and 2 years

Participant's age in years.

GenderBaseline, 1 and 2 years

Gender

WeightBaseline, 1 and 2 years

Weight (kg)

HeightBaseline, 1 and 2 years

Height (cm)

Waist circumferenceBaseline, 1 and 2 years

A measuring tape will be used, and the determination will be made above the hip bone

HbA1cBaseline, 1 and 2 years

Following the instructions from the manufacturer of the device (A1CNow+; Bayer) and diabetic risk questionnaire (Finn-risk)

Blood pressureBaseline, 1 and 2 years

The procedure will follow the recommendations in the clinical practice guidelines of the American Heart Association (AHA) {Whelton, 2018 #466}. In summary, a validated and approved blood pressure monitor (Omron M6 COMFORT IT HEM-7322U-E) will be used with the patient seated, back straight, and arms supported at heart level. After the initial measurement, there will be a 5-minute rest period before taking a second reading. The average of the two readings will be considered valid.

TemperatureBaseline, 1 and 2 years

Participant's body temperature in degrees Celsius.

Drug, alcohol, and smoking historyBaseline, 1 and 2 years

History of participant's drug, alcohol, and smoking habits.

Nicotine dependencyBaseline, 1 and 2 years

Assessment of nicotine dependency using the Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence.

Health anamnesisBaseline, 1 and 2 years

Relevant systemic health information collected through a complete health history questionnaire

Presence and quantification of specific periodontal pathogensBaseline, 1 and 2 years

P. gingivalis, A. actinomycetemcomitans, T. forsythia detected through real time PCR analysis

Plaque indexBaseline, 1 and 2 years

categorized as presence/absence

Bleeding on probingBaseline, 1 and 2 years

assessed dichotomously within 15 seconds after probing

Suppuration on probingBaseline, 1 and 2 years

assessed dichotomously within 15 seconds after probing

Probing depthBaseline, 1 and 2 years

defined as the distance in mm between the bottom of the pocket and the gingival margin

RecessionBaseline, 1 and 2 years

defined as the distance in mm between the amelocemental boundary and the gingival margin. The sum of probing depth and recession will determine the patient's clinical attachment loss

Number of teeth lost and reasonBaseline, 1 and 2 years

Number of teeth lost and reason

Trial Locations

Locations (1)

Faculty of Dentistry, University Complutense of Madrid (UCM)

🇪🇸

Madrid, Spain

Faculty of Dentistry, University Complutense of Madrid (UCM)
🇪🇸Madrid, Spain

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