Status and Predictors of Mental Health Symptoms Among Migrants and Refugees During the COVID-19 Pandemic
试验速览
- 阶段
- 不适用
- 入组人数
- 287
- 主要终点
- Patient Health Questionnaire 9
研究概览
简要总结
Migrants and refugees are vulnerable subgroups in general with regards to symptoms of psychopathology. Furthermore, recent calls for paper urge investigation on current mental health status of migrants and refugees during the pandemic, as different barriers such as lack of emotional support from relatives, in addition to language barriers potentially impairing comprehension about the pandemic having the chance to increase symptoms of psychopathology such as anxiety and depression. This study seeks to investigate the levels of mental health symptoms (i.e., depression, general anxiety, and health anxiety) among immigrants and refugees in Norway during the COVID-19 pandemic. Demographic factors will be investigated to identify subgroups with increased risk of meeting clinically significant depression and anxiety symptoms, as established by validated cut-offs to be elaborated below. Furthermore, transdiagnostic predictors which may prove as useful intervention targets will be investigated.
详细描述
Research question What is the levels of mental health symptoms (i.e., depression, general anxiety, and health anxiety) among immigrants and refugees in Norway during the COVID-19 pandemic? The results will be benchmarked against the levels of mental symptoms in national and international surveys.
Hypothesis:
H1: There will be a significant decrease in the levels of health anxiety, depression, and general anxiety symptoms at the measurement period three months into the pandemic (T2) as compared to the baseline period (T1) with the strictest mitigation protocols in place during the first weeks of the pandemic.
H2: Higher level at T1 and less reduction from T1 to T2 in positive metacognitions, negative metacognitions, unhelpful coping strategies, loneliness will be associated with less reduction in anxiety, depression and health anxiety from T1 to T2 above, and beyond age, gender, and education. Higher level at T1 and less reduction from T1 to T2 in emotional support will be associated with more reduction in anxiety, depression and health anxiety from T1 to T2.
Statistical analysis:
研究设计
- 研究类型
- Observational
- 观察模型
- Other
- 时间视角
- Prospective
入排标准
- 年龄范围
- 18 Years 至 —（Adult, Older Adult）
- 性别
- All
- 接受健康志愿者
- 是
入选标准
- •Eligible participants are all refugees, first generation, and second generation migrants.
- •Adults including those of 18 years and above
- •Who are currently living in Norway and thus experiencing identical NPIs, and
- •Who had provided digital consent to partake in the study.
排除标准
- •Children and adolescents (individuals below 18)
- •Adults not residing in Norway during the measurement period
- •Those not defined as vulnerable health-care professionals or public servide providers (see definition above)
结局指标
主要结局
Patient Health Questionnaire 9
时间窗: Data is set to be collected starting from 22th of June. The data collection period will last no longer than three weeks depending on the response to the questionnaire
• The Patient Health Questionnaire 9 (PHQ-9; Kroenke, Spitzer \& Williams, 2001) is used to measure symptoms of depression in accordance with the diagnostic criteria for major depressive disorder. The questionnaire consists of nine items where each is scored on a four-point Likert scale (0-3), with the range of scores from 0 to 27. Higher scores indicate greater depression severity, and scores above 10 are considered as the cut-off that indicating that the patient is within the depressive area.
Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7
时间窗: Data is set to be collected starting from 22th of June. The data collection period will last no longer than three weeks depending on the response to the questionnaire
The Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7 (GAD-7; Spitzer, Kroenke, Williams \& Löwe, 2006) is a questionnaire consisting of seven items measuring symptoms of anxiety and worry. The items are scored on a four-point Likert scale (0-3), with the scores ranging from 0 to 21. Specific cut-off for Norwegian samples have been found yielding a cut-off of 8 and above for high sensitivity and specificity (Johnson, Ulvenes, Øktedalen \& Hoffart, 2019).
Health Anxiety Symptoms
时间窗: Data is set to be collected starting from 22th of June. The data collection period will last no longer than three weeks depending on the response to the questionnaire
• Symptoms of health anxiety will be measured measured with two items from the validated Health Anxiety Inventory (HAI; Salkovskis et al., 2002), one item measuring specific fear of being infected by coronavirus, and an item measuring fear of dying by the coronavirus on a four-point Likert scale (0-3).
次要结局
未报告次要终点
研究者
Sverre Urnes Johnson
Associate Professer Sverre Urnes Johnson
University of Oslo