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Outcomes of Aortic Dissection Repair

Not Applicable
Conditions
Type A Aortic Dissection
Ascending Aortic Dissection
Aortic Diseases
Aortic Arch
Aortic Valve Insufficiency
Aortic Root Dissection
Aortic Root Dilatation
Type B Aortic Dissection
Interventions
Procedure: Extensive Ascending Aorta Replacement (AAR) with Aortic Root Replacement (ARR)
Procedure: Extensive Root and Ascending Aorta Replacement with Total Arch Replacement
Procedure: Extensive Ascending Aorta Replacement (AAR) with Total Arch Replacement (TARP)
Procedure: Conservative Root- Sparing Aortic Valve Resuspension with or without Hemiarch Repair
Registration Number
NCT05927090
Lead Sponsor
Centre Cardiologique du Nord
Brief Summary

Type A aortic dissection (TAAD) is a potentially life-threatening pathology associated with significant risk of mortality and morbidity. In acute forms of type A aortic dissection (TAAD) mortality is 50% by 24 h and 50% of patients die before reaching a specialist center. Rapid diagnosis and subsequent prompt surgical repair remain the primary goal for these patients.

In the last decade it has been observed that improvements in diagnostic techniques, initial management and increased clinical awareness have contributed to a substantial increase in the number of patients benefiting from a prompt diagnosis and undergoing surgery.However, survival after surgical repair has not yet reached optimal follow-ups and is burdened by high in-hospital mortality(16-18%)The main approach to acute type B non-complicated aortic dissection (TBAD) has always been to use medicines to control the patient's heart rate and blood pressure. However, recent findings suggest that a large number of patients treated for acute complicated (TBAAD) and non-complicated TBAD experience aortic complications, such as aneurysmal degeneration, at a later stage.

Detailed Description

For patients requiring surgical repair for a TAAD, there is still some disagreement regarding which factors should be considered during the preoperative evaluation, the best decision-making process to undertake that best assesses procedural risk, and how operative mortality can be predicted. Furthermore, the impact of different surgical strategies on outcomes remains unclear.This prospective study was designed to evaluate the impact of the center volume-outcome relationship and that on mortality which remain poorly understood. A better understanding of the determinants of outcome in patients undergoing surgery could support decision making, aid in the design of service delivery, and improve outcomes for surviving patients who are referred to specialized centers for treatment of aortic disease.Furthermore, the study aims to evaluate whether precise risk stratification can provide better patient counseling and be used for unit-surgeon benchmarking. Ultimately in the present study, we aimed to investigate outcome predictors in patients undergoing surgery for TAAD, including clinical and perioperative variables as well as to evaluate follow up beyond 15 years.TBAD occurring beyond the left subclavian artery (LSA) is classified in chronological order based on the timing of clinical presentation: acute (14 days or less), subacute (more than 14 days and less than or equal to 3 months), and chronic (more than 3 months).TBADs are also divided into complicated or non-complicated based on their initial clinical manifestation. Acute complicated TBAD is characterised by tearing of the aorta, pain, rapid expansion, hypertension, or blockages in the vasculature.Malperfusion syndrome is the most common complication, occurring in nearly 30% of cases. More than 30% of patients with mesenteric compromise following aortic dissection die .

Recruitment & Eligibility

Status
ENROLLING_BY_INVITATION
Sex
All
Target Recruitment
1200
Inclusion Criteria
  • Patients aged > 18 years
  • TAAD or intramural hematoma involving the ascending aorta
  • Symptoms started within 7 days from surgery
  • Primary surgical repair of acute TAAD
  • Any other major cardiac surgical procedure concomitant with surgery for TAAD.
Exclusion Criteria
  • Patients aged < 18 years
  • Onset of symptoms > 7 days from surgery
  • Prior procedure for TAAD
  • Concomitant endocarditis;
  • TAAD secondary to blunt or penetrating chest trauma.

Study & Design

Study Type
OBSERVATIONAL
Study Design
Not specified
Arm && Interventions
GroupInterventionDescription
Ascending Aorta Replacement (AAR) with Aortic Root Replacement (ARR)Extensive Ascending Aorta Replacement (AAR) with Aortic Root Replacement (ARR)Patient who will require the extensive procedure including ascending aorta replacement associated to root replacement with or without sparing of the aortic valve
Root and Ascending Aorta Replacement with Total Arch ReplacementExtensive Root and Ascending Aorta Replacement with Total Arch ReplacementPatient who will require the extensive procedure including root and ascending aorta replacement associated to TARP
Ascending Aorta Replacement with Total Arch Replacement (TARP)Extensive Ascending Aorta Replacement (AAR) with Total Arch Replacement (TARP)Patient who will require the extensive procedure including ascending aorta replacement associated to TARP
Ascending Aorta Replacement (AAR) with or without Hemiarch RepairConservative Root- Sparing Aortic Valve Resuspension with or without Hemiarch RepairPatients who will require a conservative prosthetic replacement of the ascending aorta with or without hemiarch.Patients who required a concomitant aortic valve replacement with conventional xenograft or mechanical prosthesis
Primary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Rate of mesenteric ischemia30-day

Rate of abdominal pain with or without nausea and vomiting and rectal bleeding or bloody diarrhea

Operative Mortality (OM)30-day

Patients who died within 30 days

Rate of permanent Neurologic Deficit (PND)30-day

Number of participants with acute episode of a focal or global neurological deficit. Rates of alteration of degree of consciousness, hemiplegia, hemiparesis, numbness or sensory loss affecting one side of the body, dysphasia or aphasia, hemianopsia, amaurosis fugax. To consider rate of other neurologic signs or symptoms consistent with stroke duration of focal or global neurologic deficit greater than 24 hours.

Rate of composite of Major Adverse Events (MAE)30-day

Number of participants with MAE which will include the composite rate of myocardial infarction, cerebrovascular accident, need for dialysis, or need for tracheostomy according to Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events v4.0 (CTCAE)

Rate of perioperative Myocardial Infarction (MI)30-day

Number of participants with MI based on fourth universal definition.

Rate of acute heart failure (AHF)30-day and in-hospital mortality

Number of participants with postoperative AHF who will require prolonged use of concentration of inotropes for a period greater than 24 h and/or the insertion of any mechanical circulatory support device.

Secondary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Rate of acute kidney injury30-day

Number of participants with postoperative change in serum creatinine concentration. Severity will be stratified on the basis of number of participants with the KDIGO (Kney Disease Improving Global Outcomes) criteria.

Rate of spinal Cord Injury (SCI)30-day

Number of participants with SCI intended as rate of paraplegia and/or paraparesis

Rate of Transient Neurologic Deficit (TND)30-day

Number of participants who will complicate postoperatively with episode of TND which will include complication rate such as confusion, delirium, agitation

Rate of perioperative bleeding30-day

Number of participants who will receive postoperative transfused red blood cell units. The E-CABG ( coronary artery by pass grafting) classification of bleeding rate has been proposed as a simple classification of perioperative bleeding

Reoperation for bleeding30-day

Number of participants who will receive postoperative chest reopening for excessive bleeding.

Rate of mechanical circulatory support30-day

Number of participants who will receive the use of intra-aortic balloon pump and/or venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation for postoperative acute heart failure.

Rate of composite of Major Adverse Pulmonary Events (MAPE)30-day

Number of participants with MAPE which will include the composite rate of intubation \>48 hours, pneumonia, reintubation, tracheostomy according to the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events v4.0 (CTCAE)

Rate of reintervention18-years

The number of participants who will require reoperation for the aortic valve, proximal aorta, or distal aorta.

Rate of late survival18-years

Data on patient's survival status will be collected

Trial Locations

Locations (1)

Francesco Nappi

🇫🇷

Saint-Denis, France

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