Pre-exposure Prophylaxis: A Miracle Drug or a Moral Hazard
试验速览
- 阶段
- 不适用
- 状态
- 已完成
- 入组人数
- 2,647
- 试验地点
- 1
- 主要终点
- Chlamydia diagnosis
研究概览
简要总结
The investigators study the behavioral consequences of Pre-exposure Prophylaxis or PrEP on sexual health behaviors, sexual health outcomes, and partner selection preferences. The study collects observational, self-reported data on PrEP status, PrEP taking-history, PrEP adherence over the last 30 days, STD diagnosis history dating back to January 2015 up to December 2019, sexual health behaviors (e.g., positioning, number of lifetime/recent partners, condom adherence etc.), and various demographic characteristics. The survey finishes with a conjoint experiment which asks respondents to select between two potential partners, and follow-up question about each profiles. Potential partners' characteristics include recreational drug use and condom adherence. Recruitment is conducted via running an ad on Facebook in New York, London, Toronto and Sydney for comparative purposes, as these metro areas have varying levels of PrEP use and accessibility.
详细描述
See statistical analysis plan.
研究设计
- 研究类型
- Observational
- 观察模型
- Case Crossover
- 时间视角
- Retrospective
入排标准
- 年龄范围
- 18 Years 至 —（Adult, Older Adult）
- 性别
- Male
- 接受健康志愿者
- 是
入选标准
- •18 years or above
- •living in the London, New York, Toronto or Sydney metro area
- •self-reported sex at birth is male
- •reported ever having sex with a male
排除标准
- •not meeting the inclusion criteria
研究组 & 干预措施
Respondents on PrEP
On PrEP status will be operationalized in multiple ways, and sensitivity analyses will be conducted using multiple definitions as a result of the self-reported nature of the study.
- Respondents "on PrEP" are respondents who reported that they are currently on PrEP
- Respondents "on PrEP" are respondents who reported to have ever been on PrEP
- When respondents are used as their own controls, years on PrEP will be those in which they reported to have been on PrEP for at lest 6 months, and PrEP initiation will be the first such year
A comparison group will be constructed by matching on a variety of characteristics, when this method is applied. Most importantly, age, and STD testing frequency among others, which influence the likelihood of being on PrEP and via that avenue sexual practices, as well as the likelihood of detecting STDs (i.e., ascertainment bias). In other models adjustments will be made for these factors.
干预措施: PrEP (Drug)
结局指标
主要结局
Chlamydia diagnosis
时间窗: All diagnosis data is collected in a time-stamped fashion between January 2015 and December 2019; diagnosis is reported within the year, but not in a specific month/day
Self-reported diagnosis of chlamydia
Gonorrhea diagnosis
时间窗: All diagnosis data is collected in a time-stamped fashion between January 2015 and December 2019; diagnosis is reported within the year, but not in a specific month/day
Self-reported diagnosis of gonorrhea
Syphilis diagnosis
时间窗: All diagnosis data is collected in a time-stamped fashion between January 2015 and December 2019; diagnosis is reported within the year, but not in a specific month/day
Self-reported diagnosis of syphilis
Sexually transmitted diseases
时间窗: All diagnosis data is collected in a time-stamped fashion between January 2015 and December 2019; diagnosis is reported within the year, but not in a specific month/day
Self-reported diagnosis of any STD
Percent of time that condoms were used in sexual intercourse
时间窗: 12 months
Self-reported condom adherence
Number of ongoing sexual relationships
时间窗: Through study completion, approximately 2 months
Self-reported number of concurrent sexual partners
Number of sexual partners over the past 12 months
时间窗: 12 months
Self-reported number of sexual partners over the past 12 months
Selecting a potential date with many recent partners
时间窗: Through study completion, approximately 2 months
The likelihood of selecting a potential date with 6 or more recent sexual partners in the conjoint experiment. Both AMCEs (average marginal component effects) and marginal means will be computed, see statistical analysis plan. As part of a conjoint experiment the investigators expose participants to a partner selection task. The attributes in the experiment and possible attribute values can be seen below: Race/ethnicity: White/Black/Asian Education: High school/Undergraduate degree/Graduate degree Number of sexual partners (past 3 months): 1/2-5 partners/6 or more Recreational drug use: Never/Sometimes/Often Seeking a...: Committed relationship/Casual relationship Use of condoms: Occasional/Frequent
Selecting a potential date with frequent recreational drug use
时间窗: Through study completion, approximately 2 months
The likelihood of selecting a potential date with frequent recreational drug use in the conjoint experiment. Both AMCEs (average marginal component effects) and marginal means will be computed, see statistical analysis plan. As part of a conjoint experiment the investigators expose participants to a partner selection task. The attributes in the experiment and possible attribute values can be seen below: Race/ethnicity: White/Black/Asian Education: High school/Undergraduate degree/Graduate degree Number of sexual partners (past 3 months): 1/2-5 partners/6 or more Recreational drug use: Never/Sometimes/Often Seeking a...: Committed relationship/Casual relationship Use of condoms: Occasional/Frequent
Selecting a potential date with occasional condom adherence
时间窗: Through study completion, approximately 2 months
The likelihood of selecting a potential date with occasional condom use in the conjoint experiment. Both AMCEs (average marginal component effects) and marginal means will be computed, see statistical analysis plan. As part of a conjoint experiment the investigators expose participants to a partner selection task. The attributes in the experiment and possible attribute values can be seen below: Race/ethnicity: White/Black/Asian Education: High school/Undergraduate degree/Graduate degree Number of sexual partners (past 3 months): 1/2-5 partners/6 or more Recreational drug use: Never/Sometimes/Often Seeking a...: Committed relationship/Casual relationship Use of condoms: Occasional/Frequent
次要结局
未报告次要终点