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Intravenous Insulin vs Subcutaneous Insulin Infusion in Intrapartum Management of Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus

Phase 4
Completed
Conditions
Type 1 Diabetes
Pregnancy, High Risk
Interventions
Registration Number
NCT04599075
Lead Sponsor
Gianna Wilkie
Brief Summary

The purpose of this study is to perform a randomized trial to investigate if intrapartum insulin delivery mechanisms reduces adverse outcomes associated with type 1 diabetes in pregnancy. The investigators aim to compare subcutaneous insulin pump versus intravenous insulin infusion with regard to the primary outcome of neonatal blood sugar.

Detailed Description

Intrapartum glucose management is critical to reducing neonatal hypoglycemia shortly after birth. Some providers are comfortable continuing patients on their subcutaneous insulin pump during labor while others transition these patients to intravenous insulin infusions. Previous literature has retrospectively shown this to be both a feasible and safe option.

The investigators aim to compare subcutaneous insulin pump versus intravenous insulin infusion with regard to obstetric and neonatal outcomes.

Recruitment & Eligibility

Status
COMPLETED
Sex
Female
Target Recruitment
70
Inclusion Criteria
  • Pregnant women with pre-gestational diagnosis of type 1 diabetes mellitus and managed on an insulin pump in pregnancy
  • Pregnancy and delivery care obtained at University of Massachusetts (UMass) Memorial Medical Center
  • Patients able to provide written informed consent
Exclusion Criteria
  • Patients who are under the age of 18
  • Patients with altered state of consciousness
  • Critically ill patient requiring intensive care unit admission
  • Patient at risk for suicide
  • Patient refuses or is otherwise unable to participate in own care
  • Patient without pump supplies
  • Patients presenting with diabetic ketoacidosis on admission

Study & Design

Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Study Design
PARALLEL
Arm && Interventions
GroupInterventionDescription
Continuous Subcutaneous Insulin Infusion (CSII)InsulinPatients will be randomized to continuation of their CSII pump intrapartum and will be managed in accordance with the CSII hospital protocol.
Intravenous Insulin InfusionInsulinPatients will be randomized to discontinuation of the CSII pump intrapartum and initiation of IV insulin infusion per hospital protocol.
Primary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Neonatal HypoglycemiaWithin 2 hours of birth

First neonatal blood sugar obtained within 2 hours of birth

Secondary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Gestational Age at DeliveryAt birth

Gestational age at delivery

Number of Maternal Hypoglycemic EventsDuring labor

Number of maternal blood sugars \< 60 mg/dL

Development of Diabetic Ketoacidosis During LaborDuring Labor

Development of Diabetic Ketoacidosis during labor

Number of Participants With Neonatal HyperbilirubinemiaWithin first 2 days of life

Requiring phototherapy

Number of Participants With Shoulder DystociaAt birth

Number of participants with shoulder dystocia

Number of Participants With Brachial Plexus InjuryAt birth

Number of participants with brachial plexus injury

Received Neonatal Intervention for HypoglycemiaWithin 24 hours of life

Received intervention for hypoglycemia (any oral, IV, or both)

Neonatal Intensive Care Unit AdmissionAt delivery and within first 2 day of life

Admission to level 2 or greater neonatal ICU. This is a marker for additional need for neonatal support and care after delivery.

Mode of DeliveryAt birth

Mode of Delivery (vaginal versus cesarean)

Neonatal BirthweightAt Birth

Neonatal Birthweight

5 Minute Apgar Score < 7At delivery (5 minutes)

Neonatal Apgar Score: The Apgar score is based on a total score of 1 to 10. The higher the score, the better the baby is doing after birth. A score of 7, 8, or 9 is normal and is a sign that the newborn is in good health.

Number of Participants With Neonatal Respiratory DistressAt delivery

Requiring 2 or more hours of respiratory support or oxygen with associated diagnosis

Trial Locations

Locations (1)

University of Massachusetts Memorial Medical Center

🇺🇸

Worcester, Massachusetts, United States

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