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Safety of Mechanical Insufflation-exsufflation and Hypertonic Saline

Not Applicable
Completed
Conditions
Endotracheal Tube
Tracheostomy
Interventions
Device: Ins-exsufflation
Combination Product: Secretion suctioning + hypertonic saline
Device: Catheter secretion suctioning
Combination Product: Ins-exsufflation + Hypertonic saline
Registration Number
NCT03940118
Lead Sponsor
Hospital San Carlos, Madrid
Brief Summary

Conventional catheter suctioning of respiratory tract secretions is a mandatory procedure in intubated patients. Poor tolerance, pain and other, sometimes severe, lung and cardiovascular complications may occur during suctioning.

Mechanical insufflation-exsufflation (MIE), coupled with hypertonic saline (HS), may improve efficacy airway clearance and reduce risk of the maneuver. However, safety of MIE and HS in intubated patients have not been studied appropriately, which justifies a randomized evaluation compared to conventional secretion suctioning.

Detailed Description

Secretion suctioning (SS) in patients with artificial airway is a mandatory procedure, although occasionally painful, not tolerated and even causing traumatic injury to the respiratory mucosa.

Mechanical insufflation-exsufflation (MIE) and nebulized hypertonic saline with hyaluronic acid (HS-HA) have shown efficacy and safety in patients with chronic neuromuscular and pulmonary diseases, achieving aspiration and fluidification of respiratory secretions, respectively, as well as good tolerance.

Only anecdotal experience about the safety of MIE and HS-HA in critically ill patients with artificial airway and mechanical ventilation is available.

Background: Both MIE and HS-HA facilitate the drainage of secretions from the distal airway (compared to conventional catheter suctioning, the effect of which is supposed to be limited to the trachea) Both measures may prove to be efficacious in the prevention (through airway clearance of secretions) and concomitant treatment (reduction of inoculum or "draining the lung") of lower respiratory tract infections (tracheobronchitis and pneumonia).

Recruitment & Eligibility

Status
COMPLETED
Sex
All
Target Recruitment
120
Inclusion Criteria
  • Artificial airway ( endotracheal tube or tracheostomy cannula) with pressure cuff.
  • Need for aspiration of secretions
  • Informed consent
Exclusion Criteria
  • Macroscopic hemoptysis.
  • Acute bronchospasm
  • Uncrontrolled muscular contractions, like tremor, myoclonus or other.
  • Confirmed pregnancy

Study & Design

Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Study Design
FACTORIAL
Arm && Interventions
GroupInterventionDescription
Ins-exsufflationIns-exsufflationMechanical insufflation-exsufflation with device programmed at 50/-50 mmHg
Secretion suctioning + hypertonic salineSecretion suctioning + hypertonic salineHypertonic saline is nebulized prior to aspiration of secretions.
Catheter secretion suctioningCatheter secretion suctioningSecretions are aspirated with a catheter at -120 to -150 mBar
Ins-exsufflation + Hypertonic SalineIns-exsufflation + Hypertonic salineMechanical insufflation-exsufflation and hypertonic saline
Primary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Sedation/agitation score during mechanical insufflation-exsufflation and hypertonic saline as assessed by a quantitative sedation/agitation system.1 hour

Comparative sedation/agitation score of the study procedures in the 4 study groups will be assessed using the RASS (Richmond Agitation-Sedation Scale, see citations), range -5, un-arousable, to +5, combative) at baseline, during the procedure and at 5 and 60 minutes after the aspiration of respiratory secretions.

Aggregate cardiovascular and respiratory adverse events of mechanical insufflation-exsufflation and hypertonic saline.1 hour

Comparative incidence of aggregate hemodynamic and respiratory adverse events.

Adverse events criteria are predefined and will be expressed as:

* Percentage of patients meeting aggregate predefined hemodynamic or respiratory adverse event criteria per study group.

* Percentage of specific predefined adverse events (outcome variable "yes" or "no"): Desaturation (pulse-oximetry, \>5%), hemoptisis (yes or no), bronchospasm (needing bronchodilator therapy), pneumothorax (as assessed by chest X-ray), hypotension (\>30% or \>10% increase in noradrenaline infusion from baseline), hypertension (\>30% or \>10% decrease in noradrenaline infusion from baseline), tachycardia (\>90 bpm or \>30% increase), bradycardia (\<40 bpm), arrythmias (supra ventricular, requiring therapy), atelectasis (as assessed by chest X-ray), and other complications occuring during or within 1 hour after the procedure.

Pain score during mechanical insufflation-exsufflation and hypertonic saline as assessed by quantitative a pain scoring systems.1 hour

Comparative pain scores of the study procedures in the 4 study groups will be assessed using the "ESCID" pain score (EScala de Conductas Indicadoras de Dolor, ranging from 0, no pain, to \>6, intense pain, see citations) at baseline, during the procedure and at 5 and 60 minutes after the aspiration of respiratory secretions.

Both comparison of the score at the 4 study time-points and their variations between time-points will be analysed.

Sedation/responsiveness score during mechanical insufflation-exsufflation and hypertonic saline as assessed by quantitative a sedation scoring system.1 hour

Comparative sedation/responsiveness score of the study procedures in the 4 study groups will be assessed using the responsiveness "Ramsay" Sedation Scale, range from 1, anxious and agitated, to 6, no response to stimulus, see citations) at baseline, during the procedure and at 5 and 60 minutes after the aspiration of respiratory secretions.

Secondary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod

Trial Locations

Locations (1)

Hospital Clinico San Carlos

🇪🇸

Madrid, Spain

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