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Effect of Mediterranean Diet and Probiotics in Adults With Mild Cognitive Impairment

Not Applicable
Completed
Conditions
Mild Cognitive Impairment
Interventions
Dietary Supplement: Mediterranean diet
Dietary Supplement: Healthy diet (WHO recommendations)
Dietary Supplement: Placebo
Dietary Supplement: Biopolis-MIX42
Registration Number
NCT05029765
Lead Sponsor
Pablo Pérez Martínez
Brief Summary

Manipulation of the gut microbiota through dietary modification affects brain function, with improvement in patients with cognitive disorders. Combined effect of nutritional intervention with Mediterranean diet and probiotics with potentially healthy growth of germ, affect the evolution of mild cognitive impairment, by the modulation of components related with the axis microbiota-gut-brain: neuropeptides, short-chain fatty acids, markers for oxidative stress and inflammation.

Detailed Description

Not available

Recruitment & Eligibility

Status
COMPLETED
Sex
All
Target Recruitment
50
Inclusion Criteria
  • Age> = 60 years with mild cognitive impairment (Clinical Dementia Rating (CRD) 0.5; Mini Mental Examiantion de Folstein (MMSE)> 23; Repeatable Battery for the Asessment of Neuropsychological Status (RBANS) <= 85)
  • Drugs with a stable dose from a minimum of 4 weeks prior to screening (excluding psychopharmaceuticals and any other that could affect alertness and cognitive ability)
  • Geriatric depression scale score <6
  • Sufficient visual and auditory abilities to carry out the neuropsychological tests. Good health without diseases that prevent the completion of the study.
  • A minimum educational training established for 6 years or similar work history.
  • A familiar informant or close caregiver with a minimum contact with the patient established in 10 hours per week that can accompany the participant to the clinical visits
Exclusion Criteria
  • Any uncontrolled medical or neurological condition that, in the opinion of the researcher, could contribute to the subject's cognitive impairment (for example, substances abuse, vitamin B12 deficiency, abnormal thyroid function, stroke, or other Cerebral vascular disease, Lewy body dementia, frontotemporal dementia, TBI).
  • A clinically significant psychiatric illness (eg, major depression, schizophrenia, or bipolar affective disorder) in the 6 months prior to screening.
  • Transient ischemic attack or cerebrovascular accident or any unexplained loss of consciousness in 1 year before selection (in case of vascular deficit with cognitive sequelae that may still be reversible).
  • Poorly controlled diabetes mellitus, due to a glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1c) value of 8% in the selection.
  • History of unstable angina, myocardial infarction, chronic heart failure (New York Heart Association Class 3 or 4), or clinically significant conduction disorders (unstable atrial fibrillation) within 1 year prior to screening.
  • Uncontrolled hypertension defined as the mean of 3 measures of systolic blood pressure / diastolic blood pressure> 165/100 mmHg, and persistent systolic blood pressure / diastolic blood pressure > 180/100 mmHg in the 3 months prior to randomization which were considered by the researcher as an indicative of chronic uncontrolled hypertension.
  • History of seizures in the 10 years prior the selection.
  • Recent history (within 1 year of screening) of alcohol or substance abuse with positive urine test (looking for non-prescription drugs), alcohol or cannabinoids.
  • Patients with chronic diseases will be excluded: severe psychiatric, chronic processes in need of treatment such as chronic kidney failure, chronic liver disease, neoplasms under treatment, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, endocrinopathies susceptible to decompensation and digestive tract diseases.

Study & Design

Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Study Design
CROSSOVER
Arm && Interventions
GroupInterventionDescription
Mediterranean diet ArmPlaceboMediterranean diet + placebo
Mediterranean diet "plus" ArmBiopolis-MIX42Mediterranean diet + Biopolis-MIX42 (1 capsule per day containing 10\^9 colony forming units of Lactobacillus rhamnosus and Bifidobacterium long).
Mediterranean diet ArmMediterranean dietMediterranean diet + placebo
Mediterranean diet "plus" ArmMediterranean dietMediterranean diet + Biopolis-MIX42 (1 capsule per day containing 10\^9 colony forming units of Lactobacillus rhamnosus and Bifidobacterium long).
Healthy diet ArmHealthy diet (WHO recommendations)Healthy diet (WHO recommendations) + placebo
Healthy diet ArmPlaceboHealthy diet (WHO recommendations) + placebo
Primary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Cognitive changeBaseline and 24 weeks after each dietary intervention

Cognitive change in Alzheimer's Disease Assessment Scale-Cognitive-Plus ("ADAS-Cog- Plus"). The total ADAS-Cog-plus score ranges from 0-70 with higher scores suggesting greater impairment.

Secondary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Neurofunctional changeBaseline and 24 weeks after each dietary intervention

At time 0 and after 24 weeks of each intervention period and follow-up, neurofunctional changes were measured by emission tomography with 2-deoxy-2-\[fluorine-18\]fluoro- D-glucose (18F-FDG-PET)

Change in inflammatory markerBaseline and 24 weeks after each dietary intervention

At time 0 and after 24 weeks of each intervention period and follow-up, the levels of high sesitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) were determined in plasma in mg/dL.

Change in oxidative stress parametersBaseline and 24 weeks after each dietary intervention

At time 0 and after 24 weeks of each intervention period and follow-up, the levels of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) were determined in serum in ug/mL: methylglioxal (MG) and N-carboxymethyllysine (CML). Likewise, carbonilated proteins in nmol/mg and lipid peroxidation levels in plasma in ug/mL.

Change in cytokine levelsBaseline and 24 weeks after each dietary intervention

At time 0 and after 24 weeks of each intervention period and follow-up, the levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-a) were determined in plasma in pg/mL.

Microbiota patternBaseline and 24 weeks after each dietary intervention

Changes in the percentage of different families of Microbiota will be analysed during the study

Endotoxemia levelsBaseline and 24 weeks after each dietary intervention

Changes in the endotoxemia levels will be analysed during the study

Modulation of Microbiota-gut-nervous systemBaseline and 24 weeks after each dietary intervention

Changes in the plasma levels of molecules with activity on the nervous system were analysed during the study. At time 0 and after 24 weeks of each intervention period and follow-up, Gamma-Aminobutiric acid (GABA) in ng/mL and short-chain fatty acids (acetate, propionate and butirate) in ng/mL were determined in plasma.

Neuropeptides modulationBaseline and 24 weeks after each dietary intervention

Changes in the plasma levels of molecules with activity on the nervous system were analysed during the study. At time 0 and after 24 weeks of each intervention period and follow-up, Substance P (SP), Y Peptide (PYY), beta-amyloid in pg/mL were determined in plasma.

Trial Locations

Locations (1)

Reina Sofia University Hospital

🇪🇸

Cordoba, Spain

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