The Combined Influence of Blueberry and Banana Consumption on Metabolic Recovery From 75-km Cycling Exercise Stress
试验速览
- 阶段
- 不适用
- 状态
- 已完成
- 入组人数
- 60
- 试验地点
- 2
- 主要终点
- Inflammation
研究概览
简要总结
The PURPOSE of this study is to investigate the combined influence of 2-weeks blueberry ingestion and banana ingestion (during exercise) on performance and in mitigating metabolic perturbation, immune dysfunction, and increase in inflammation following a 75-km cycling time trial. We hypothesize that the combination of 2-weeks ingestion of blueberries (versus placebo) and acute ingestion of bananas (versus water alone) during 75-km cycling will:
- Enhance performance.
- Attenuate the magnitude of metabolic perturbation due to exercise (using a targeted panel of metabolites) which may be associated with increased plasma levels of beneficial gut-derived phenolics.
- Attenuate post-exercise inflammation (as measured with cytokines, muscle damage markers, regulatory lipid mediators, ex-vivo monocyte cell cultures, and targeted immune proteins including S100A8 and S100A12).
- Counter post-exercise downturns in innate immune function (natural killer cell lytic activity), and viral defense (using an ex-vivo cell culture with Hela cells).
详细描述
LAB VISIT #1: ORIENTATION AND BASELINE TESTING (about 1.5 hours):
One to two weeks prior to the start of the study, study participants will report to the NCRC Human Performance Lab for orientation and baseline testing. Study participants will be screened to verify "low risk" status for cardiovascular disease, and provide voluntary consent. Demographic and training histories will be acquired with questionnaires. Study participants will be tested for VO2max (i.e., maximal oxygen consumption) using the Lodi cycle ergometer. Percent body fat will be measured using the BodPod. Study participants will sit inside the BodPod with a tight-fitting swim suit for about 10 minutes while body fat is calculated.
LAB VISIT #2: START OF 2-WEEK SUPPLEMENTATION PERIOD (about 20 minutes)
On the assigned date and time, study participants will return to the lab in an overnight fasted state (9 or more hours with no food or beverage including coffee and tea, other than water). A blood sample will be collected from an arm or hand vein by trained phlebotomists. Each blood sample will not exceed 35 ml (2.3 tablespoons), and will be analyzed for indicators of immune function, inflammation, muscle damage, stress hormones, and indicators of plant polyphenol metabolism.
Study participants will be randomized to blueberry and placebo groups, and be given a 14-day supply of freeze-dried blueberry powder or placebo powder. The blueberry and placebo supplements will be ingested daily for 2-weeks prior to participation in the 75-km cycling time trial, the day of the exercise trial (after the blood draw, and supplied at the lab), and one day of recovery (after the blood draw, and supplied at the lab (thus 16 days total). The blueberry powder supplement (26 g per day or approximately one cup fresh blueberries equivalent) will consist of freeze-dried wild blueberries prepared by Future Ceuticals (Momence, IL). This product contains all of the polyphenols (in particular, anthocyanins), fiber, and natural sugars contained in fresh wild blueberries. The placebo powder will look identical but not contain freeze-dried blueberries. The placebo blueberry powder will consist of blueberry flavoring (2.8%), coloring (0.7% artificial purple, 0.3% artificial red), maltodextrin (21%), fructose (3.5%), citric acid (0.7%), and a silica flow agent (0.5%). Study participants will consume the blueberry and placebo powders by mixing them in fruit juices, yogurts, milk, or other products during the first meal of each day for two weeks. The blueberry and placebo powders should be stored in the freezer section of the refrigerator in the containers supplied to study participants.
研究设计
- 研究类型
- Interventional
- 分配方式
- Randomized
- 干预模型
- Parallel
- 主要目的
- Treatment
- 盲法
- Double (Participant, Investigator)
盲法说明
Blueberry freeze dried powder or placebo powder
入排标准
- 年龄范围
- 18 Years 至 55 Years（Adult）
- 性别
- All
- 接受健康志愿者
- 是
入选标准
- •Male or female.
- •Ages 18-55 years.
- •Non-smoker.
- •Regularly compete in road races (category 1 to 5) and/or are capable of cycling 75 km in a laboratory setting (using own bicycles on CompuTrainer training systems).
- •Agree to train normally, maintain weight, and avoid the regular use of large-dose vitamin and mineral supplements, herbs, and medications that influence inflammation and immune function (especially Advil, Motrin, aspirin, and similar anti-inflammatory drugs) for the duration of the 2.5-week study. If in doubt, please discuss your supplement and medication use with the Research Manager during orientation (Courtney Goodman).
- •Categorized as "low risk" using the American College of Sports Medicine screening questionnaire.
- •Generally healthy and without chronic disease including cardiovascular disease (e.g., heart disease, stroke), cancer, type 1 and 2 diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis.
排除标准
- •Inability to comply with study requirements.
- •Body weight below 100 pounds.
- •Pregnant or breastfeeding.
- •Any other concurrent condition which, in the opinion of the primary investigator (PI), would preclude participation in this study or interfere with compliance.
- •Current diagnosis of cardiovascular disease, diabetes, or cancer (except for non-melanoma skin cancer).
- •History of allergic reactions to blueberries or bananas.
研究组 & 干预措施
Placebo
Placebo powder
干预措施: Placebo (Dietary Supplement)
Banana
Acute banana ingestion
干预措施: banana (Dietary Supplement)
No banana
No banana ingestion
干预措施: No banana (Dietary Supplement)
Blueberry
Freeze-dried blueberry powder
干预措施: Blueberry (Dietary Supplement)
结局指标
主要结局
Inflammation
时间窗: Change from pre-supplementation to post-2-weeks supplementation, and to six post-exercise time points (0, 1.5, 3.0, 5.0, 21, 45 hours)
Cytokines
次要结局
- Metabolite shifts(Change from pre-supplementation to post-2-weeks supplementation, and to six post-exercise time points (0, 1.5, 3.0, 5.0, 21, 45 hours))
- Muscle damage(Change from pre-supplementation to post-2-weeks supplementation, and to six post-exercise time points (0, 1.5, 3.0, 5.0, 21, 45 hours))
- Natural killer cell activity(Change from pre-supplementation to post-2-weeks supplementation, and to six post-exercise time points (0, 1.5, 3.0, 5.0, 21, 45 hours))
- Exercise performance(After the 2-week period of blueberry or placebo intake)
- Targeted proteomics(Change from pre-supplementation to post-2-weeks supplementation, and to six post-exercise time points (0, 1.5, 3.0, 5.0, 21, 45 hours))
- Lipid mediators(Change from pre-supplementation to post-2-weeks supplementation, and to six post-exercise time points (0, 1.5, 3.0, 5.0, 21, 45 hours))