Metabolic Effects of Non-nutritive Sweeteners
- Conditions
- Obesity
- Interventions
- Dietary Supplement: SucraloseOther: WaterDietary Supplement: glucose load
- Registration Number
- NCT02413424
- Lead Sponsor
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
- Brief Summary
The purpose of this research study is to examine whether sugar-replacement sweeteners that are currently on the market (ex. Sucralose, which is in Splenda) change how well the body works to control blood sugar.
- Detailed Description
The investigators of this study have recently found that sucralose, the most commonly used non-nutritive sweetener (NNS), affects the glycemic response to an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and potentiates glucose-stimulated insulin secretion in obese people who are not regular consumers of NNS. However, studies conducted in healthy lean adults, none of which control for previous use of NNS, show that sucralose does not affect glycemic or hormonal responses to the ingestion of glucose or other carbohydrates. Therefore, we do not know a) whether sucralose effects are limited to obese subjects, or are generalizable to lean people when controlling for prior history of NNS consumption, and b) mechanism(s) responsible for the acute effect of sucralose on glucose metabolism as we measured in obese subjects. The aim of this study is to determine the effects of an acute intake of sucralose on the metabolic response to an oral glucose tolerance test in lean and obese people.
Recruitment & Eligibility
- Status
- COMPLETED
- Sex
- All
- Target Recruitment
- 38
- BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2 or BMI ≥ 18 kg/m2 and BMI<25 kg/m2
- "insulin sensitive": based on the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) <3
- BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2 and BMI<30 kg/m2
- HOMA-IR>3
- Current smoker or quit smoking less than 6 months ago
- pregnancy or breastfeeding
- subjects who have malabsorptive syndromes, phenylketonuria, inflammatory intestinal disease, liver or kidney diseases, diabetes
- subjects who are taking any medication that might affect metabolism
- anemia
- regular use of non-nutritive sweeteners
Study & Design
- Study Type
- INTERVENTIONAL
- Study Design
- FACTORIAL
- Arm && Interventions
Group Intervention Description Drink Sucralose Sucralose Subjects will drink sucralose 10 min before drinking a glucose load Drink Water glucose load Subjects will drink water 10 min before drinking a glucose load Taste and spit Sucralose Sucralose Subjects will taste and spit up sucralose 10 min before drinking a glucose load Drink Water Water Subjects will drink water 10 min before drinking a glucose load Taste and spit Sucralose glucose load Subjects will taste and spit up sucralose 10 min before drinking a glucose load Drink Sucralose glucose load Subjects will drink sucralose 10 min before drinking a glucose load
- Primary Outcome Measures
Name Time Method Glucose rate of appearance up to 5 hours after drinking a glucose load Blood samples will be collected before and for 5 hours after drinking a glucose load to determine glucose and glucose tracer:tracee ratios.
Peak insulin secretion rate up to 5 hours after drinking a glucose load Blood samples will be collected before and for 5 hours after drinking a glucose load to determine plasma insulin and C-peptide. Insulin secretion rate will be assessed using the minimal model of Breda and collaborators.
- Secondary Outcome Measures
Name Time Method Glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) up to 5 hours after drinking a glucose load Blood samples will be collected before and for 5 hours after drinking a glucose load to determine GIP.
Sucralose concentrations in plasma up to 310 min after drinking the sucralose load Sucralose concentrations in plasma will be measured by using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry.
Trial Locations
- Locations (1)
University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign
🇺🇸Urbana, Illinois, United States