MedPath

Study of Efficacy and Safety of LEE011 in Postmenopausal Women With Advanced Breast Cancer

Phase 3
Completed
Conditions
Advanced, Metastatic Breast Cancer
Interventions
Registration Number
NCT01958021
Lead Sponsor
Novartis Pharmaceuticals
Brief Summary

The primary purpose of this study was to assess the efficacy of ribociclib, as measured by progression free survival (PFS), in postmenopausal women with hormone receptor positive (HR+), human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 negative (HER2-) advanced breast cancer who received no prior treatment for advanced disease.

Detailed Description

This was an international, multi-center, randomized, double-blinded, placebo controlled Phase III trial to determine the efficacy and safety of treatment with ribociclib plus letrozole versus placebo plus letrozole in postmenopausal women with HR+, HER2-negative advanced breast cancer who received no prior therapy for advanced disease.

Eligible patients were randomized in 1:1 ratio to either ribociclib group or placebo group. Study treatment continued until disease progression, unacceptable toxicity, death, or discontinuation from the study treatment for any other reason.

Participants who discontinued treatment due to reasons other than disease progression or withdrawal of consent for efficacy follow-up continued to be monitored until disease progression, death, withdrawal of consent, loss to follow-up, or subject/guardian decision (post-treatment efficacy follow-up).

All participants who discontinued treatment were followed for survival until the predetermined number of overall survival (OS) events was reached.

Following the final OS analysis (performed when approximately 400 deaths were recorded) and with protocol amendment 10 (dated 30-Apr-2021), participants and investigators were unblinded and those participants in the placebo arm had the opportunity to cross-over to the ribociclib arm to receive ribociclib plus letrozole. Cross-over was optional and was conducted at the investigator's discretion and upon participant consent.

Recruitment & Eligibility

Status
COMPLETED
Sex
Female
Target Recruitment
668
Inclusion Criteria
  1. Women with advanced (locoregionally recurrent or metastatic) breast cancer that was not amenable to curative therapy.

  2. The patient was postmenopausal. Postmenopausal status was defined either by:

    • Prior bilateral oophorectomy
    • Age ≥60
    • Age <60 and amenorrhea for 12 or more months (in the absence of chemotherapy, tamoxifen, toremifen, or ovarian suppression) and FSH and estradiol in the postmenopausal range per local normal range.
  3. There was no prior systemic anti-cancer therapy for advanced disease.

  4. The patient had a histologically and/or cytologically confirmed diagnosis of estrogen-receptor positive and/or progesterone receptor positive breast cancer by the local laboratory.

  5. The patient had HER2-negative breast cancer defined as a negative in situ hybridization test or an IHC status of 0, 1+ or 2+. If IHC was 2+, a negative in situ hybridization (FISH, CISH, or SISH) test was required by local laboratory testing.

  6. The patient must have had either:

    Measurable disease, i.e., at least one measurable lesion as per RECIST 1.1 criteria (Tumor lesions previously irradiated or subjected to other locoregional therapy were considered measurable if disease progression at the treated site after completion of therapy was clearly documented). OR If no measurable disease was present, then at least one predominantly lytic bone lesion must have been present (Patients with no measurable disease and only one predominantly lytic bone lesion previously irradiated were eligible if there was documented evidence of disease progression of the bone lesion after irradiation).

  7. The patient had an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status of 0 or 1.

Key

Exclusion Criteria
  1. The patient had received any CDK4/6 inhibitor.

  2. The patient had received any prior systemic anti-cancer therapy (including hormonal therapy and chemotherapy) for advanced breast cancer.

    Note:

    • Patients who had received (neo) adjuvant therapy for breast cancer were eligible. If the prior neo (adjuvant) therapy included letrozole or anastrozole, the disease-free interval had to be greater than 12 months from the completion of treatment until randomization.
    • Patients who had received ≤ 14 days of letrozole or anastrozole for advanced disease prior to randomization were eligible.
    • Any prior (neo) adjuvant anti-cancer therapy had to be stopped at least 5 half-lives or 7 days, whichever was longer, before randomization.
  3. The patient was concurrently using other anti-cancer therapy.

  4. The patient had a concurrent malignancy or malignancy within 3 years of randomization, with the exception of adequately treated, basal or squamous cell carcinoma, non-melanomatous skin cancer, or curatively resected cervical cancer.

  5. The patient had active cardiac disease or a history of cardiac dysfunction, including any of the following:

    • History of angina pectoris, symptomatic pericarditis, or myocardial infarction within 12 months prior to study entry.
    • History of documented congestive heart failure (New York Heart Association functional classification III-IV).
    • Documented cardiomyopathy.
    • The patient had a Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction (LVEF) < 50% as determined by Multiple Gated acquisition (MUGA) scan or echocardiogram (ECHO).
    • History of any cardiac arrhythmias, e.g., ventricular, supraventricular, nodal arrhythmias, or conduction abnormality in the previous 12 months.
    • On screening, any of the following cardiac parameters: bradycardia (heart rate < 50 at rest), tachycardia (heart rate > 90 at rest), PR interval > 220 msec, QRS interval >109 msec, or QTcF >450 msec.
    • Systolic blood pressure >160 or <90 mmHg.
  6. The patient was currently receiving any of the following medications and could not be discontinued 7 days prior to the start of treatment:

    • Medications known to be strong inducers or inhibitors of CYP3A4.
    • Medications known to have a risk of prolonging the QT interval or inducing Torsades de Pointes.
    • Medications with a narrow therapeutic window and predominantly metabolized through CYP3A4.
    • Herbal preparations/medications.

Study & Design

Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Study Design
PARALLEL
Arm && Interventions
GroupInterventionDescription
Ribociclib+ letrozoleRibociclibRibociclib 600 mg daily oral (3 weeks on/ 1 week off) in combination with letrozole 2.5 mg daily oral
Ribociclib+ letrozoleLetrozoleRibociclib 600 mg daily oral (3 weeks on/ 1 week off) in combination with letrozole 2.5 mg daily oral
Placebo + letrozoleLetrozolePlacebo daily oral (3 weeks on/ 1 week off) in combination with letrozole 2.5 mg daily oral. Participants were unblinded once the final OS analysis was completed and after the implementation of protocol amendment 10 (30-Apr-21) and were given the option to crossover to treatment with ribociclib + letrozole
Placebo + letrozolePlaceboPlacebo daily oral (3 weeks on/ 1 week off) in combination with letrozole 2.5 mg daily oral. Participants were unblinded once the final OS analysis was completed and after the implementation of protocol amendment 10 (30-Apr-21) and were given the option to crossover to treatment with ribociclib + letrozole
Primary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Progression Free Survival (PFS) by Investigator AssessmentUp to 23 months

PFS was defined as the period starting from the date of randomization to the date of the first documented progression or death caused by any reason. In cases where patients did not experience an event, the PFS was censored at the date of the last adequate tumor assessment. Clinical deterioration without objective radiological evidence was not considered as documented disease progression.PFS was assessed by investigator assessment according to RECIST 1.1. The Kaplan-Meier method was used to estimate PFS, and the median PFS, along with 95% confidence intervals, was reported for each treatment group. A stratified Cox regression model was used to estimate the hazard ratio of PFS, along with 95% confidence interval

Secondary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Overall Survival (OS)Up to approximately 87 months

OS was defined as the time from the date of randomization to the date of death from any cause. In cases where the patient's death was not recorded, the OS value was censored at the date of the last known patient's survival status.OS was estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method. As per protocol, the final OS analysis was conducted after approximately 400 deaths were documented.

The median OS, along with 95% confidence intervals, was reported for each treatment group.The distribution of OS between the two treatment arms was compared using a log-rank test at one-sided cumulative 2.5% level of significance. A stratified Cox regression was used to estimate the OS hazard ratio and the associated 95% CI.

Overall Response Rate (ORR) by Investigator AssessmentUp to 23 months

ORR is the percentage of participants with the best overall response of complete response (CR) or partial response (PR) according to RECIST 1.1 as per investigator assessment. . CR = Disappearance of all non-nodal target lesions. In addition, any pathological lymph nodes assigned as target lesions must have a reduction in short axis to \< 10 mm; PR = At least a 30% decrease in the sum of diameter of all target lesions, taking as reference the baseline sum of diameters.

Clinical Benefit Rate (CBR) by Investigator AssessmentUp to 23 months

Percentage of participants with complete response (CR) or partial response (PR) or stable disease (SD) lasting 24 weeks or longer as defined in RECIST 1.1 as per investigator assessment. CR = Disappearance of all non-nodal target lesions. In addition, any pathological lymph nodes assigned as target lesions must have a reduction in short axis to \< 10 mm; PR = At least a 30% decrease in the sum of diameter of all target lesions, taking as reference the baseline sum of diameters; SD = Neither sufficient shrinkage to qualify for PR or CR nor an increase in lesions which would qualify for progressive disease: PD = At least a 20% increase in the sum of diameter of all measured target lesions, taking as reference the smallest sum of diameter of all target lesions recorded at or after baseline. In addition to the relative increase of 20% the sum must also demonstrate an absolute increase of at least 5 mm.

Time to Definitive Deterioration of Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group Performance Status (ECOG PS) by at Least One Category of the ScoreFrom baseline up to 23 months

ECOG PS categorized patients based on their ability to perform daily activities and self-care, with scores ranging from 0 to 5. A score of 0 indicated no restrictions in activity, while higher scores indicated increasing limitations. Time to definitive deterioration was defined as the time from the date of randomization to the date of the event, defined as experiencing an increase in ECOG PS by at least one category from the baseline or death. A deterioration was considered definitive if no improvements in the ECOG PS were observed at a subsequent time. The Kaplan-Meier method was used to estimate the distribution, and the median time to definitive deterioration, along with 95% confidence intervals, was reported for each treatment group. Patients receiving any further therapy prior to definitive worsening were censored at their date of last assessment prior to start of therapy. Patients that had not worsened at the data cutoff point were censored at the date of last assessment.

Time to Definitive 10% Deterioration in the Global Health Status/Quality of Life (GHS/QoL) Scale Score of the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer's Core Quality of Life Questionnaire (EORTC QLQ-C30)From baseline up to 23 months

The EORTC QLQ-C30 is a questionnaire that includes 5 functional scales, 3 symptom scales, 1 GHS/QoL scale, and 6 single items. GHS/QoL scale score ranges between 0 and 100. A high score for GHS/QoL represents better functioning or QoL.The time to definitive 10% deterioration is defined as the time from the date of randomization to the date of event, which is defined as at least 10% relative to baseline worsening of the QoL score (without further improvement above the threshold) or death due to any cause. The Kaplan-Meier method was used to estimate the distribution, and the median time to definitive 10% deterioration, along with 95% confidence intervals, was reported for each treatment group. If a patient had not had an event, time to deterioration was censored at the date of the last adequate QoL evaluation.

Change From Baseline in the GHS/QoL Scale Score of the EORTC QLQ-C30Baseline, every 2 cycles for 18 months, then every 3 cycles until last dose; at EOT (within 15 days from last dose);every 8 or 12 weeks post-treatment until progression (post-treatment efficacy visits), assessed up to 23 months. Cycle=28 days

The EORTC QLQ-C30 is a questionnaire that includes 5 functional scales, 3 symptom scales, 1 GHS/QoL scale, and 6 single items. GHS/QoL scale score ranges between 0 and 100. A high score for GHS/QoL represents better functioning or QoL.The change from baseline in the GHS/QoL score was assesed. A positive change from baseline indicated improvement.

For subjects who discontinued treatment earlier and without disease progression, post-treatment efficacy follow-up visits occurred every 8 weeks after End of treatment (EOT) during the initial 18 months since start of treatment, followed by visits every 12 weeks until disease progression or end of study.

Trial Locations

Locations (71)

Cooper Cancer Center

🇺🇸

Camden, New Jersey, United States

Uni Of TX MD Anderson Cancer Cntr

🇺🇸

Houston, Texas, United States

Ironwood Cancer and Research Centers

🇺🇸

Chandler, Arizona, United States

Arizona Oncology Associates PC HAL

🇺🇸

Sedona, Arizona, United States

Highlands Oncology Group

🇺🇸

Fayetteville, Arkansas, United States

NEA Baptist Cancer Center

🇺🇸

Jonesboro, Arkansas, United States

Alta Bates Cancer Center

🇺🇸

Berkeley, California, United States

City of Hope National Medical Center

🇺🇸

Duarte, California, United States

Glendale Adventist Medical Center

🇺🇸

Glendale, California, United States

The Angeles Clinic and Research Institute

🇺🇸

Los Angeles, California, United States

Cedars Sinai Medical Center SC-5

🇺🇸

Los Angeles, California, United States

Comprehensive Cancer Center

🇺🇸

Sacramento, California, United States

Univ of Colorado School of Medicine

🇺🇸

Aurora, Colorado, United States

Rocky Mountain Cancer Centers

🇺🇸

Longmont, Colorado, United States

University Cancer Institute

🇺🇸

Boynton Beach, Florida, United States

Florida Cancer Research Institute

🇺🇸

Davie, Florida, United States

Florida Cancer Specialists

🇺🇸

Fort Myers, Florida, United States

Memorial Hospital

🇺🇸

Hollywood, Florida, United States

University Of Miami

🇺🇸

Miami, Florida, United States

Florida Retina Institute

🇺🇸

Orlando, Florida, United States

Sacred Heart Medical Oncology

🇺🇸

Pensacola, Florida, United States

Florida Cancer Specialists-North

🇺🇸

Saint Petersburg, Florida, United States

Georgia Cancer Specialists

🇺🇸

Decatur, Georgia, United States

Lewis Hall Singletary Onc Ctr at John D. Archbold Mem Hosp.

🇺🇸

Thomasville, Georgia, United States

Moanalua Medical Center Attn Oncology Dept

🇺🇸

Honolulu, Hawaii, United States

University of Illinois Cancer Center at Chicago

🇺🇸

Chicago, Illinois, United States

University of Chicago

🇺🇸

Chicago, Illinois, United States

NorthShore University Health System

🇺🇸

Evanston, Illinois, United States

Ingalls Memorial Hospital

🇺🇸

Harvey, Illinois, United States

Edward Hospital

🇺🇸

Naperville, Illinois, United States

IU Simon Cancer Center

🇺🇸

Indianapolis, Indiana, United States

Sidney Kimmel CCC At JH

🇺🇸

Baltimore, Maryland, United States

Frederick Memorial Hospital

🇺🇸

Frederick, Maryland, United States

Dana Farber Cancer Institute

🇺🇸

Boston, Massachusetts, United States

Allina Hlth Cancer Inst Minneapolis

🇺🇸

Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States

Jackson Oncology Associates

🇺🇸

Jackson, Mississippi, United States

St Lukes Hos Marion Bloch Neur Inst

🇺🇸

Kansas City, Missouri, United States

Mercy Medical Research Institute

🇺🇸

Manchester, Missouri, United States

Foundation Medical Partners

🇺🇸

Nashua, New Hampshire, United States

Hackensack Meridian Health

🇺🇸

Edison, New Jersey, United States

Cancer Institute of New Jersey

🇺🇸

New Brunswick, New Jersey, United States

Montefiore Medical Center

🇺🇸

Bronx, New York, United States

C R Wood Cancer Center at Glens Falls Hospital

🇺🇸

Glens Falls, New York, United States

Winthrop University Hospital

🇺🇸

Mineola, New York, United States

NYU Langone Med Center CV Research

🇺🇸

New York, New York, United States

Mount Sinai School Of Medicine

🇺🇸

New York, New York, United States

Duke Univ Medical Center

🇺🇸

Durham, North Carolina, United States

Oncology Hematology Care Inc

🇺🇸

Cincinnati, Ohio, United States

The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center

🇺🇸

Columbus, Ohio, United States

Mercy Clinic Oklahoma Communities Mercy Oncology

🇺🇸

Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, United States

Lehigh Valley Hospital

🇺🇸

Allentown, Pennsylvania, United States

Penn State Hershey Cancer Institute

🇺🇸

Hershey, Pennsylvania, United States

Avera Cancer

🇺🇸

Sioux Falls, South Dakota, United States

Chattanooga Onc And Hem Assoc PC

🇺🇸

Chattanooga, Tennessee, United States

Sarah Cannon Research Institute

🇺🇸

Nashville, Tennessee, United States

Vanderbilt University Medical Ctr

🇺🇸

Nashville, Tennessee, United States

Texas Oncology P A

🇺🇸

San Antonio, Texas, United States

Texas Oncology

🇺🇸

McAllen, Texas, United States

University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center

🇺🇸

Dallas, Texas, United States

Ctr For Cancer And Blood Disorders

🇺🇸

Fort Worth, Texas, United States

Texas Oncology Houston Memorial City

🇺🇸

Houston, Texas, United States

Millennium Research Clin Develop

🇺🇸

Houston, Texas, United States

Richardson Hematology Oncology Associates

🇺🇸

Richardson, Texas, United States

Texas Oncology Northeast Texas

🇺🇸

Tyler, Texas, United States

Utah Cancer Specialists

🇺🇸

Salt Lake City, Utah, United States

Virginia Cancer Specialists

🇺🇸

Fairfax, Virginia, United States

Oncology and Hematology Associates of Southwest Virginia Inc

🇺🇸

Salem, Virginia, United States

Providence Regional Cancer Partnership

🇺🇸

Everett, Washington, United States

Northwest Medical Specialties

🇺🇸

Tacoma, Washington, United States

Dean Health System

🇺🇸

Madison, Wisconsin, United States

Novartis Investigative Site

🇬🇧

Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom

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