Phase I/II Study of the Combination of Bendamustine, Rituximab and Pixantrone in Patients With Relapsed/Refractory B Cell Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma
Overview
- Phase
- Phase 1
- Intervention
- Bendamustine + Rituximab + Pixantrone
- Conditions
- Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma
- Sponsor
- Anne Beaven, MD
- Enrollment
- 33
- Locations
- 1
- Primary Endpoint
- Maximum Tolerated Dose
- Status
- Completed
- Last Updated
- 6 years ago
Overview
Brief Summary
This is a phase I trial of the combination of bendamustine, rituximab and pixantrone in patients with relapsed/refractory B cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma. A standard 3+3 design will be used to determine the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) of the combination. A static dose of bendamustine and rituximab will be used and the dose of pixantrone will be escalated in each cohort. Pixantrone will be dosed on a 21 day cycle at 55mg/m2, 85mg/m2, and 115mg/m2 in sequential cohorts dependent on acceptable toxicity profile at each dose level. MTD will be determined based on DLTs that occur during the first 2 cycles of the drug combination.
Phase II did not proceed as planned due to withdrawal of pixantrone from the US.
Detailed Description
This is a phase I trial utilizing a traditional 3+3 design to evaluate maximum tolerated dose (MTD) and optimal dose schedule of pixantrone in combination with bendamustine (120mg/m2 on day 1 of each 21 day cycle) and rituximab (375mg/m2 on day 1 of each 21 day cycle). No patients will be entered on an escalated dosage level until at least 3 patients have been treated at the previous level and assessed for a dose limiting toxicity. Dose levels will be escalated in cohorts of 3 patients as long as no drug-related DLT occurs in the first 2 cycles. If one patient is observed to suffer a DLT, this cohort will be expanded to include at least 6 patients total. If less than 2 patients in the expanded cohort of 6 patients experience a DLT, dose escalation will resume. If 2 of 6 patients enrolled at the same dose level experience a DLT, the MTD has been exceeded, and the dose escalation will cease. The next lower dose will be considered the MTD. If any patient withdraws from the study prior to completing 2 cycles for reasons other than a DLT then that patient will be replaced in order to determine the MTD. If dose limiting toxicity is observed at the initial dose level in 2 patients, the MTD has been exceeded and the starting dose level will be reduced to 25mg/m2. If 1 patient experiences a DLT in the -1 dose range, the cohort will be expanded to at least 6 patients. If a second patient experiences a DLT at the -1 dose level, the trial will be closed. For part 1, those who have a confirmed diagnosis of relapsed/refractory B cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma of any subtype will be considered eligible for enrollment. Each cycle will be 21 days. Subjects will be assessed for DLTs during the first 2 cycles of study drug. They will be assessed for response after cycle 2. Patients not experiencing a DLT during the first 2 cycles and who have stable disease or better may continue to receive up to 6 cycles of treatment with the triplet combination. If any patient withdraws from the study prior to completing 2 cycles for reasons other than a DLT then that patient will be replaced in order to determine the MTD. Phase II did not proceed as planned due to withdrawal of pixantrone from the US.
Investigators
Anne Beaven, MD
Assist Professor of Medicine
Duke University
Eligibility Criteria
Inclusion Criteria
- •Part I: Subjects must have relapsed or refractory B cell NHL;
- •Part II: Subjects must have relapsed or refractory aggressive B cell NHL including follicular lymphoma (FL) grade 3, Diffuse Large B Cell Lymphoma (DLBCL), transformed NHL, mantle cell lymphoma (MCL), or other aggressive B cell NHL histology as per the WHO 2008 criteria;
- •Refractory disease (defined as persistence of evaluable disease after therapy) or relapsed disease following at least one prior treatment regimen that should include autologous stem cell transplant unless a patient was not eligible or refused prior transplant;
- •Age ≥ 18 years old;
- •Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status of ≤2;
- •Subjects must have measurable or evaluable disease based on physical exam and/or radiographs (CT, MRI, PET) or bone marrow involvement;
- •Female subject is either post-menopausal or surgically sterilized;
- •Laboratory Values:
- •Absolute neutrophil count (ANC) ≥ 1.5 x 10\^9/L; lower levels accepted if due to marrow involvement by lymphoma
- •Platelets ≥ 75,000/mcl; lower levels accepted if due to marrow involvement by lymphoma
Exclusion Criteria
- •No chemotherapy, radiation, biologics or immunotherapy within 2 weeks prior to registration (6 weeks if last received BCNU or mitomycin C).
- •No radioimmunotherapy within 2 months prior to registration.
- •Subjects receiving chronic, systemic treatment with corticosteroids equivalent to \> 20mg of prednisone per day. Subjects receiving replacement for adrenal insufficiency will be allowed on the study. Topical or inhaled corticosteroids are allowed.
- •Subjects with a history of another primary malignancy ≤ 3 years ago, with the exception of inactive basal, squamous cell carcinoma of the skin or superficial melanoma only requiring excision, prostate cancer with a PSA that has not increased for at least 3 months, carcinoma in situ of the cervix.
- •Major surgery ≤ 4 weeks prior to registration. Minor surgery ≤ 2 weeks prior to registration. Insertion of a vascular access device is not considered major or minor surgery. Subjects must have recovered from all surgery related toxicities to ≤ grade 1 or to baseline if subject started with \> grade 1 toxicity, not otherwise violating the above inclusion criteria.
- •Subjects who have received investigational drugs ≤ 4 weeks prior to registration.
- •Impaired Cardiac Function:
- •QTc \> 480 on screening ECG.
- •Previous history of angina pectoris or acute MI within 6 months
- •Congestive heart failure (New York Heart Association functional classification III-IV) or baseline MUGA/ECHO shows estimated LVEF \< 45%
Arms & Interventions
Phase 1: Pixantrone, 55mg/m^2
Bendamustine, 120mg/m2; administered first on Day 1 of each cycle. Rituximab, 375mg/m2; administered second on Day 1 of each cycle. Pixantrone, 55mg/m2; to be administered last, 4-6 hours after bendamustine, on Day 1 of each cycle Pegfilgrastim, 6mg; administered on Day 2 of each cycle
Intervention: Bendamustine + Rituximab + Pixantrone
Phase 1: Pixantrone, 55mg/m^2
Bendamustine, 120mg/m2; administered first on Day 1 of each cycle. Rituximab, 375mg/m2; administered second on Day 1 of each cycle. Pixantrone, 55mg/m2; to be administered last, 4-6 hours after bendamustine, on Day 1 of each cycle Pegfilgrastim, 6mg; administered on Day 2 of each cycle
Intervention: Pegfilgrastim
Phase 1: Pixantrone, 85mg/m^2
Bendamustine, 120mg/m2; administered first on Day 1 of each cycle. Rituximab, 375mg/m2; administered second on Day 1 of each cycle. Pixantrone, 85mg/m2; to be administered last, 4-6 hours after bendamustine, on Day 1 of each cycle Pegfilgrastim, 6mg; administered on Day 2 of each cycle
Intervention: Bendamustine + Rituximab + Pixantrone
Phase 1: Pixantrone, 85mg/m^2
Bendamustine, 120mg/m2; administered first on Day 1 of each cycle. Rituximab, 375mg/m2; administered second on Day 1 of each cycle. Pixantrone, 85mg/m2; to be administered last, 4-6 hours after bendamustine, on Day 1 of each cycle Pegfilgrastim, 6mg; administered on Day 2 of each cycle
Intervention: Pegfilgrastim
Phase 1: Pixantrone, 115mg/m^2
Bendamustine, 120mg/m2; administered first on Day 1 of each cycle. Rituximab, 375mg/m2; administered second on Day 1 of each cycle. Pixantrone, 115mg/m2; to be administered last, 4-6 hours after bendamustine, on Day 1 of each cycle Pegfilgrastim, 6mg; administered on Day 2 of each cycle
Intervention: Bendamustine + Rituximab + Pixantrone
Phase 1: Pixantrone, 115mg/m^2
Bendamustine, 120mg/m2; administered first on Day 1 of each cycle. Rituximab, 375mg/m2; administered second on Day 1 of each cycle. Pixantrone, 115mg/m2; to be administered last, 4-6 hours after bendamustine, on Day 1 of each cycle Pegfilgrastim, 6mg; administered on Day 2 of each cycle
Intervention: Pegfilgrastim
Outcomes
Primary Outcomes
Maximum Tolerated Dose
Time Frame: 4 years
Dose-limiting toxicity (DLT) assessments were performed weekly during cycles 1 and 2. A DLT was defined as any grade 3 non-hematologic toxicity that lasted longer than 48 hours, despite proper supportive care, any grade 4 non-hematologic toxicity, or any grade 3 or 4 hematologic toxicity lasting longer than 7 days. Alopecia and febrile neutropenia were not considered DLTs. Any NCI CTC (National Cancer Institute Common Terminology Criteria) v4.03 grade 5 (death) toxicity was considered a DLT. Dose Limiting Toxicities were used as the assessment criteria to determine the Maximum Tolerated Dose (MTD). MTD is presented.
Secondary Outcomes
- Toxicity(30 days post last dose of study drug)
- Progression Free Survival(From day 1 of treatment to disease progression, death or 5 years, whichever comes first)
- Overall Response(up to 220 days)
- Overall Survival(from day 1 of treatment to death)