Combined Pressure and Flow Measurements to Guide Treatment of Coronary Stenoses

Not Applicable

Completed

• Conditions: Coronary Artery Disease
• Interventions: Other: Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI); Other: Optimal medical therapy (OMT)

• Registration Number: NCT02328820
• Lead Sponsor: The University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston

Brief Summary

This study evaluates the prognostic value and therapeutic potential of combined pressure and flow measurements when evaluating a coronary artery stenosis. Lesions with intact coronary flow reserve (CFR) despite a reduced fractional flow reserve (FFR) will receive optimal medical therapy. Only lesions with a simultaneous reduction in both CFR and FFR will be treated with percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).

Detailed Description

Pressure and flow represent the two physiologic variables that can be measured directly inside a coronary artery. Already pressure measurements have proven their clinical value in the form of fractional flow reserve (FFR). However, myocardial function can remain intact with sufficient flow, even at a low perfusion pressure. Therefore, combined pressure and flow measurements provide a more complete description of physiologic stenosis severity as a guide to medical treatment versus revascularization. Based on existing work relating the most common flow measurement, coronary flow reserve (CFR), to FFR and linking both variables with subsequent prognosis, we hypothesize that lesions with an intact CFR\>=2.0 can be reasonably treated with medical therapy despite a reduced FFR\<=0.8.

Study Timeline

• Study Start: 2014-10
• Study First Submitted: 2014-12-18
• Study First Submitted QC: 2014-12-23
• Study First Posted: 2014-12-31
• Primary Completion: 2019-11
• Status Verified: 2021-04
• Study Completion: 2021-04
• Last Update Submitted: 2021-04-05
• Last Update Posted: 2021-04-06

Recruitment & Eligibility

• Status: COMPLETED
• Sex: All
• Target Recruitment: 455

Inclusion Criteria

• Age ≥ 18 years.

• Eligible for PCI based on local practice standards during the current procedure (PCI cannot be staged).

• At least one epicardial stenosis of ≥50% diameter (by visual or quantitative assessment) and meeting the following criteria as determined by the operator based on either a prior or the current diagnostic angiogram:

  • <100% diameter (not a chronic, total occlusion);
  • in a native coronary artery (including side branches but excludes bypass grafts);
  • of ≥2.5mm reference diameter (near the level of the stenosis);
  • and supplies sufficiently viable myocardium (exclude regions of known, prior, transmural myocardial infarction).

• Ability to understand and the willingness to sign a written informed consent.

Exclusion Criteria

• Anatomic exclusions:

  • Prior CABG.
  • Preferred treatment strategy for revascularization would be CABG based on local practice standards.
  • Left main coronary artery disease requiring revascularization.
  • Extremely tortuous or calcified coronary arteries precluding intracoronary physiologic measurements. Operators may also exclude subtotal or similar high-grade lesions, which in their judgment may be threatened by ComboWire placement.
  • Known severe LV hypertrophy (septal wall thickness at echocardiography of >13 mm).

• Clinical exclusions:

  • Inability to receive intravenous adenosine (for example, severe reactive airway disease, marked hypotension, or high-grade AV block without pacemaker).
  • Recent (within 3 weeks prior to cardiac catheterization) ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) in any arterial distribution (not specifically target lesion).
  • Culprit lesions (based on clinical judgment of the operator) for either STEMI or non-STEMI cannot be included.
  • Severe cardiomyopathy (LV ejection fraction <30%).
  • Planned need for cardiac surgery (for example, valve surgery, treatment of aortic aneurysm, or septal myomectomy).

• General exclusions:

  • A life expectancy of less than 2 years.
  • Inability to sign an informed consent, due to any mental condition that renders the subject unable to understand the nature, scope, and possible consequences of the trial or due to mental retardation or language barrier.
  • Potential for non-compliance towards the requirements for follow-up visits.
  • Participation or planned participation in another cardiovascular clinical trial before completing the 24 month follow-up.

Study & Design

• Study Type: INTERVENTIONAL
• Study Design: SINGLE_GROUP

Arm && Interventions

Group	Intervention	Description
All patients	Optimal medical therapy (OMT)	All lesions undergo simultaneous assessment with a combined pressure and flow sensor
All patients	Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI)	All lesions undergo simultaneous assessment with a combined pressure and flow sensor

Primary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Major adverse cardiac events	24 months	All-cause death, non-fatal myocardial infarction, urgent and elective revascularization

Secondary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Angina (Canadian Cardiovascular Society (CCS) anginal class (or freedom from angina)	24 months	Canadian Cardiovascular Society (CCS) anginal class (or freedom from angina)

Trial Locations

Locations (12)

Amsterdam UMC - location VUmc; 🇳🇱 Amsterdam, Netherlands

Tokyo Medical University; 🇯🇵 Tokyo, Japan

Amsterdam UMC - location AMC; 🇳🇱 Amsterdam, Netherlands

Tergooi Hospital; 🇳🇱 Blaricum, Netherlands

Amphia Hospital; 🇳🇱 Breda, Netherlands

Catholic University of the Sacred Heart; 🇮🇹 Rome, Italy

Gifu Heart Center; 🇯🇵 Gifu, Japan

Tsuchiura Kyodo; 🇯🇵 Tsuchiura, Japan

Hospital Clinico San Carlos; 🇪🇸 Madrid, Spain

Royal Free Hospital; 🇬🇧 London, United Kingdom

Aarhus University Hospital; 🇩🇰 Aarhus, Denmark

Toda Central General Hospital; 🇯🇵 Toda, Japan