Potential EEG Biomarkers and Antiepileptogenic Strategies for Epilepsy in TSC
- Conditions
- Tuberous Sclerosis Complex
- Registration Number
- NCT01767779
- Lead Sponsor
- University of Alabama at Birmingham
- Brief Summary
To determine whether EEGs during infancy is a reliable biomarker to identify TSC patients that will develop infantile spasms/epilepsy in the near future and thus are appropriate candidates for an antiepileptogenic drug trial. Since not all patients with TSC develop epilepsy, it would be useful to have a biomarker that could predict those patients destined to have epilepsy and thus identify those TSC patients most appropriate for an antiepileptogenic drug trial. A recent study suggests that treating TSC patients with an abnormal EEG prior to onset of infantile spasms with vigabatrin may improve neurological outcome, but the use of EEG as a reliable biomarker of future epilepsy has not been rigorously validated. In this specific aim, we will test the reliability of EEG in predicting future development of infantile spasms or epilepsy in TSC patients during the first year of life.
- Detailed Description
Current therapeutic approaches for epilepsy primarily represent symptomatic treatments that suppress seizures, but have not been demonstrated to prevent epilepsy or modify disease progression. In recent years, there have been tremendous interest and effort by basic scientists and clinicians in epilepsy in developing disease-modifying or "antiepileptogenic" therapies. However, these efforts are hindered by a couple significant limitations: 1) difficulty in identifying an appropriate high-risk patient population in which a preventative approach is feasible and justifiable, and 2) lack of appropriate drug targets with antiepileptogenic properties. Tuberous Sclerosis Complex (TSC) is one of the most common genetic causes of epilepsy and a subset of TSC patients may represent a rational, feasible population to target with an antiepileptogenic approach for several reasons. First of all, some patients are diagnosed with TSC at a young age before the onset of epilepsy due to non-neurological findings - thus, it is feasible to identify these patients and initiate a potential antiepileptogenic treatment at an early stage of epileptogenesis. Second, these patients are at high risk for developing epilepsy (\~80%) in the future, including infantile spasms (\~35%), a particularly devastating type of childhood epilepsy with a poor prognosis - thus, initiating a therapy with potential side effects in a pre-symptomatic stage can likely be justified in TSC patients. Finally, the identification of the mTOR pathway in the pathophysiology of TSC suggests that mTOR inhibitors could have antiepileptogenic properties in TSC, as already supported by pre-clinical animal studies - thus, a rational mechanistically-based treatment potentially already exists and can be readily tested in TSC patients. However, there may be significant risks and side effects of mTOR inhibitors, especially during early childhood, such as chronic immunosuppression and theoretical effects on learning, growth, and development. Thus, before initiating an antiepileptogenic drug trial in TSC patients, it would be beneficial to obtain further evidence to optimize the selection criteria and treatment paradigms to maximize efficacy and minimize side effects of mTOR inhibitors.
The aim of this clinical trial is to determine whether EEGs during infancy is a reliable biomarker to identify TSC patients that will develop infantile spasms/epilepsy in the near future and thus are appropriate candidates for an antiepileptogenic drug trial.
Recruitment & Eligibility
- Status
- COMPLETED
- Sex
- All
- Target Recruitment
- 40
Cohort 1
- < 6 months of age; Seizure free at the time of study enrollment; and meets genetic or clinical diagnostic criteria for TSC (Tuberous Sclerosis), the latter based on current recommendations for diagnostic evaluation, such as physical exam, neuroimaging, echocardiogram.
Cohort 2
- Parent or family guardian of infant
Cohort 1
- ≥ 6months of age; history of seizures and/or infantile spasms; patients receiving vigabatrin or any anti-epileptic medication or mTOR inhibitor prior to study enrollment Cohort 2
- not parent or family guardian
Study & Design
- Study Type
- OBSERVATIONAL
- Study Design
- Not specified
- Primary Outcome Measures
Name Time Method Identification of EEG biomarkers as predictors of developing epilepsy in infants with Tuberous Sclerosis Complex 3 years Physical/neurological exam, Video EEG, Developmental assessments, Blood draw from child and parents/guardian, and Seizure diaries.
- Secondary Outcome Measures
Name Time Method
Trial Locations
- Locations (5)
UCLA
🇺🇸Los Angeles, California, United States
University of Alabama at Birmingham
🇺🇸Birmingham, Alabama, United States
Boston Children's Hospital
🇺🇸Boston, Massachusetts, United States
University of Texas in Houston
🇺🇸Houston, Texas, United States
Cincinnati Children's Hospital
🇺🇸Cincinnati, Ohio, United States