Impact of Traffic-related Air Pollution on the Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Response to Physical Activity in Patients With Hypertension
Trial Snapshot
- Phase
- Not Applicable
- Status
- Completed
- Enrollment
- 21
- Locations
- 1
- Primary Endpoint
- Change from Baseline Blood Pressure at 2 Hours Post-Exposure
Study Overview
Brief Summary
The investigators are investigating the effects of traffic-related air pollution (TRAP) on the cardiovascular and pulmonary response to exercise in patients with hypertension using a real world randomized, crossover study design. Participants will be exposed to 2 conditions: a low TRAP environment and a high TRAP environment. Each exposure will consist of 30 min of moderate-intensity exercise. Cardiovascular and pulmonary health outcomes will be measured before, during, and up to 24 hours following exposures. A minimum washout period of 1 week will be used to minimize carryover effects.
Study Design
- Study Type
- Interventional
- Allocation
- Randomized
- Intervention Model
- Crossover
- Primary Purpose
- Treatment
- Masking
- None
Eligibility Criteria
- Ages
- 40 Years to 70 Years (Adult, Older Adult)
- Sex
- All
- Accepts Healthy Volunteers
- No
Inclusion Criteria
- •Age between 40-70 years of age
- •Previously diagnosed with elevated blood pressure or hypertension by a physician
Exclusion Criteria
- •Current or ex-smokers (abstinent for less than one year)
- •Lives with an individual who currently smokes cigarettes, e-cigarettes (i.e., vaping), or cannabis
- •Hormone replacement therapy use
- •Currently on beta-blocker or angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB) therapy
- •Currently using over the counter drugs or supplements that may alter cardiovascular measures (as per the principal investigator's discretion)
- •Prior diagnosis of any other existing cardiovascular or pulmonary diseases and/or conditions (other than hypertension)
- •Musculoskeletal injury or lower limb limitation preventing safe engagement in moderate-intensity exercise
Arms & Interventions
High traffic-related air pollution first
Participants will exercise in an environment with high levels of traffic-related air pollution first. Afterwards, participants will complete the same exercise in an environment with low levels of traffic-related air pollution.
Intervention: Exercise (Behavioral)
Low traffic-related air pollution
Participants will exercise in an environment with low levels of traffic-related air pollution first. Afterwards, participants will complete the same exercise in an environment with high levels of traffic-related air pollution.
Intervention: Exercise (Behavioral)
Outcomes
Primary Outcomes
Change from Baseline Blood Pressure at 2 Hours Post-Exposure
Time Frame: Baseline and 2 hours post-exposure
MAP, SBP, and DBP
Secondary Outcomes
- Change from Baseline FEF25-75 and PEFR at 2 Hours Post-Exposure(Baseline and 2 hours post-exposure)
- Severity of Symptoms(Baseline and 2 hours post-exposure)
- Change from Baseline Arterial Stiffness at 2 Hours Post-Exposure(Baseline and 2 hours post-exposure)
- 24-Hour Blood Pressure(24 hours post-exposure)
- Heart Rate Variability(Baseline and up to 24 hours post-exposure)
- Change from Baseline FEV1/FVC at 2 Hours Post-Exposure(Baseline and 2 hours post-exposure)
- Change from Baseline Microvascular Responsiveness at 2 Hours Post-Exposure(Baseline and 2 hours post-exposure)
- Change from Baseline FEV1 and FVC at 2 Hours Post-Exposure(Baseline and 2 hours post-exposure)
- Muscle Oxygen Saturation(Continuously throughout the 30 minute exercise bouts (during exposure))
Investigators
Michael Koehle
Professor
University of British Columbia