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London's Exogenous Surfactant Study for COVID19

Phase 1
Completed
Conditions
ARDS, Human
COVID-19
Interventions
Drug: Bovine Lipid Extract Surfactant
Registration Number
NCT04375735
Lead Sponsor
Lawson Health Research Institute
Brief Summary

The research team is investigating administering exogenous surfactant in COVID-19 patients with ARDS. The overall goal is to improve the outcome (mortality) of mechanically ventilated COVID-19 patients. Although the investigators anticipate that clinical outcomes may improve in the small group of patients receiving exogenous surfactant therapy in this small, single center study, the primary goal is to first determine feasibility and safety.

Detailed Description

The most severe patients infected by the virus that causes COVID-19 develop severe respiratory failure (called ARDS) and require mechanical ventilation in the intensive care unit to help maintain oxygen delivery to the blood. Often these patients further deteriorate while on mechanical ventilation. This trial will determine the feasibility and safety of a therapy that can potentially improve lung function, reduce the need for mechanical ventilation and hopefully impact mortality.

Adult patients with COVID-19 induced respiratory failure will be randomly assigned to receive either standard treatment or standard treatment plus exogenous surfactant. If enrolled in the latter, exogenous surfactant will be instilled into the lungs within 48 hours of intubation.

The study is founded on extensive research on ARDS for over 30 years, leading to evidence suggesting that exogenous surfactant administration may be beneficial in this disease. Importantly, exogenous surfactant is already utilized all over the world to reduce mortality in preterm infants. When tested in adults with ARDS, it was shown to be well tolerated and safe. Furthermore, clinical and laboratory evidence suggests that this therapy may be most effective in patients with a direct lung infection, and when administered shortly after the patient is intubated. In this study, twenty patients who are proven COVID-19 positive and require MV due to progressive respiratory failure will be randomized to receive either 1) exogenous surfactant (BLES) as soon as possible and within 48 hours of intubation and stabilization, or 2) treatment as usual (will not be treated with surfactant). The overall goal is to improve the outcome (mortality) of mechanically ventilated COVID-19 patients. Although the investigators anticipate that clinical outcomes may improve in the small group of patients receiving exogenous surfactant therapy in this small, single center study, the primary goal is to first determine feasibility and safety. Should the investigators obtain promising results, the data obtained from this study will be used to develop a large trial to test the impact of this therapy on the clinical outcomes, including mortality, associated with COVID-19.

Recruitment & Eligibility

Status
COMPLETED
Sex
All
Target Recruitment
20
Inclusion Criteria
  1. age over 18 years
  2. definitive proof of COVID-19 infection within 48 hours of intubation
  3. acute respiratory failure with PaO2/FiO2 < 300 requiring intubation
Exclusion Criteria
  1. known or high suspicion of pre-existing heart failure, unstable angina
  2. presence of severe shock with hemodynamic instability despite escalating vasopressors
  3. severe, underlying lung disease (COPD, pulmonary fibrosis, lung cancer. etc.)
  4. Concurrent treatments are delivered directly into the lung (ie anesthetics etc)
  5. Diagnosis of pulmonary hemorrhage

Study & Design

Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Study Design
PARALLEL
Arm && Interventions
GroupInterventionDescription
BLES treatmentBovine Lipid Extract SurfactantFor patients randomized to the treatment arm, exogenous BLES will be administered as soon as possible and within 48 hours of intubation. BLES will be administered daily for up to 3 doses, or until the patient is liberated from the ventilator.
Primary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Adverse events (patient) - Decrease in oxygenation3 days post-randomization

Count of any decreases in oxygenation, expressed as PaO2 (mmHg) / FiO2 (% oxygen as a decimal), of greater than 20% during the BLES treatment and up to 30 minutes post-treatment. Change will be calculated relative to pre-treatment values.

Adverse event (healthcare worker) - Circuit breach3 days post-randomization

Number of circuit breaches. Count of any circuit breach immediately prior to and during each BLES treatment procedure will be recorded.

Adverse events (patient) - Decrease in hemodynamics3 days post-randomization

Count of any decrease in mean arterial blood pressure \>10 mmHg or requirement for \>20% increase in vasopressor dose during the BLES procedure and up to 30 minutes post-treatment. Change will be calculated relative to the pre-treatment values.

Adverse event (healthcare worker) - COVID-19 symptoms2 weeks post-randomization

Count of healthcare personnel involved in the BLES procedure developing symptoms and testing positive for COVID-19.

Secondary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
IL-1 beta levels (serum inflammatory biomarker)ICU day 0, 1, 3 and 7 (7 days)

IL-1 beta, in pg/mL, from multiplex cytokine arrays

Ventilated daysFrom ICU admission until ICU discharge or death, whichever comes first, an average of 10 days and assessed up to 30 days

The number of days the patient is receiving mechanical ventilation.

IFN gamma levels (serum inflammatory biomarker)ICU day 0, 1, 3 and 7 (7 days)

IFN gamma, in pg/mL, from multiplex cytokine arrays

MCP-1 levels (serum inflammatory biomarker)ICU day 0, 1, 3 and 7 (7 days)

MCP-1, in pg/mL, from multiplex cytokine arrays

Length of ICU stayFrom ICU admission until ICU discharge or death, whichever comes first, an average of 10 days and assessed up to 30 days

The number of days the patient is admitted to the ICU

Mortality30 days

Number of patients who die within 30 days of ICU admission

GM-CSF levels (serum inflammatory biomarker)ICU day 0, 1, 3 and 7 (7 days)

GM-CSF, in pg/mL, from multiplex cytokine arrays

Change in oxygenationEvery 12 hours post-randomization until ICU discharge or death, whichever comes first, an average of 10 days and assessed up to 30 days.

PaO2 (in mmHg) / FiO2 (percentage oxygen expressed as a decimal) ratios captured from clinical chart

Change in Lung complianceEvery 12 hours post-randomization until ICU discharge or death, whichever comes first, an average of 10 days and assessed up to 30 days.

Lung compliance captured from the ventilators, expressed in mL/cm H2O.

G-CSF levels (serum inflammatory biomarker)ICU day 0, 1, 3 and 7 (7 days)

G-CSF, in pg/mL, from multiplex cytokine arrays

IL-4 levels (serum inflammatory biomarker)ICU day 0, 1, 3 and 7 (7 days)

IL-4, in pg/mL, from multiplex cytokine arrays

IL-6 levels (serum inflammatory biomarker)ICU day 0, 1, 3 and 7 (7 days)

IL-6, in pg/mL, from multiplex cytokine arrays

I levels (serum inflammatory biomarker)ICU day 0, 1, 3 and 7 (7 days)

I, in pg/mL, from multiplex cytokine arrays

Length of hospital stayFrom hospital admission until hospital discharge or death, whichever comes first, assessed up to 60 days

The number of days the patient is admitted to the hospital

IL-10 levels (serum inflammatory biomarker)ICU day 0, 1, 3 and 7 (7 days)

IL-10, in pg/mL, from multiplex cytokine arrays

TNF alpha levels (serum inflammatory biomarker)ICU day 0, 1, 3 and 7 (7 days)

TNF alpha, in pg/mL, from multiplex cytokine arrays

Trial Locations

Locations (2)

London Health Sciences Centre - University Hospital

🇨🇦

London, Ontario, Canada

Victoria Hospital

🇨🇦

London, Ontario, Canada

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