Study of Efficacy and Safety of CTL019 in Pediatric ALL Patients

Phase 2

Completed

Conditions: B-cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia

Interventions: Biological: CTL019

Registration Number: NCT02435849

Lead Sponsor: Novartis Pharmaceuticals

Brief Summary: This is a single arm, open-label, multi-center, phase II study to determine the efficacy and safety of CTL019 in pediatric patients with r/r B-cell ALL.

Detailed Description: This was a initially a one cohort, open-label, multi-center, phase II study to determine the efficacy and safety of CTL019 in pediatric patients with r/r B-cell ALL. This main cohort completed enrollment. Two new cohorts were added via an amendment, Cohort 1 for high risk B-cell ALL patients at first relapse, and Cohort 2 for feasibility and safety of CTL019 in high risk B-cell ALL in patients that relapsed \<6 months post allo-HSCT. Due to lack of recruitment, Cohort 1 and Cohort 2 halted recruitment. This decision was not related to any safety issue.

The study had the following sequential phases: Screening, Pre-Treatment (Cell Product Preparation \& Lymphodepleting Chemotherapy), Treatment and Primary Follow-up, Secondary Follow-up (if applicable) and Survival Follow-up. The total duration of the study is 5 years from CTL019 cell infusion.

Efficacy analyses were performed only on the Main Cohort (n=79) who were infused with tisagenlecleucel. However, the data on disposition and demographics presented in this section includes all patients enrolled to the study (98) and all infused patients (80) (Main Cohort + Cohort 1). No patients were enrolled in Cohort 2.

Recruitment & Eligibility

Status: COMPLETED

Sex: All

Target Recruitment: 80

Inclusion Criteria

Relapsed or refractory pediatric B-cell ALL
Adequate organ function
For relapsed patients, documentation of CD19 tumor expression within 3 months of study entry.
Bone marrow with ≥ 5% lymphoblasts by morphologic assessment at screening.
Life expectancy > 12 weeks.
Karnofsky (age ≥16 years) or Lansky (age < 16 years) performance status ≥ 50 at screening
Signed written informed consent and assent forms
Must meet the institutional criteria to undergo leukapheresis or have an acceptable, store leukapheresis product
Must have an apheresis product of non-mobilized cells received and accepted by the manufacturing site.
Cohort 1 only:
1. First relapse AND hypodiploid cytogenetics OR
2. First relapse AND t(17;19) with defined TCF3-HLF fusion OR
3. First relapse with any cytogenetics provided the relapse occurred ≤ 36 months of initial diagnosis AND MRD at end of reinduction therapy is ≥0.01% by flow cytometry (local assessment)

Exclusion Criteria

Isolated extra-medullary disease relapse
Patients with concomitant genetic syndrome: such as patients with Fanconi anemia, Kostmann syndrome, Shwachman syndrome or any other known bone marrow failure syndrome. Patients with Down Syndrome will not be excluded.
Patients with Burkitt's lymphoma/leukemia (i.e. patients with mature B-cell ALL, leukemia with B-cell [sIg positive and kappa or lambda restricted positivity] ALL, with FAB L3 morphology and /or a MYC translocation)
Prior malignancy, except carcinoma in situ of the skin or cervix treated with curative intent and with no evidence of active disease
Treatment with any prior gene therapy product
Has had treatment with any prior anti-CD19/anti-CD3 therapy, or any other anti-CD19 therapy
Active or latent hepatitis B or active hepatitis C (test within 8 weeks of screening), or any uncontrolled infection at screening
Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) positive test within 8 weeks of screening
Presence of grade 2 to 4 acute or extensive chronic graft-versus-host disease (GVHD).
Active CNS involvement by malignancy, defined by CNS-3 per NCCN guidelines.
Patient has an investigational medicinal product within the last 30 days prior to screening.
Pregnant or nursing (lactating) women.
Women of child-bearing potential, defined as physiologically capable of becoming pregnant, unless they agree to use highly effective methods of contraception for at least 12 months after the CTL019 infusion and after CAR T-cells are no longer present by qPCR on two consecutive tests
Sexually active males must use a condom during intercourse at least 12 months after the CTL019 infusion after CAR T-cells are no longer present by qPCR on two consecutive tests

Exclusion Criteria

Not provided

Study & Design

Study Type: INTERVENTIONAL

Study Design: SINGLE_GROUP

Arm && Interventions

Group	Intervention	Description
Single dose of CTL019	CTL019	Pediatric patients with relapsed or refractory B-cell ALL who were treated with single dose of tisagenlecleucel (CTL019).

Primary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Percentage of Participants With Overall Remission Rate (ORR) as Determined by Independent Review Committee (IRC) Assessment.	during the 3 months after tisagenlecleucel administration	Evaluating the efficacy of tisagenlecleucel therapy from all manufacturing facilities as measured by overall remission rate (ORR) during the 3 months after tisagenlecleucel administration. ORR included complete response (CR) and CR with incomplete blood count recovery (CRi) as determined by an Independent Review Committee assessment. Per response criteria defined by National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN), American Society of Hematology (ASH) and International Working Group (IWG) guidelines. CR is defined as: Bone marrow \<5% blasts, Peripheral blood: Neutrophils \>1.0 x 10\^9/L, and Platelets \>100 x 10\^9/L and Circulating blasts \<1% and No evidence of extramedullary disease, at least 7 days transfusion independency. CRi is defined as all the prior criteria being met, except that the following exists: Neutrophils ≤1.0 x 10\^9/L, and/or Platelets ≤100 x 10\^9/L, and/or Platelet and/or neutrophil transfusions ≤7 days before the date of the peripheral blood sample for disease assessment.

Secondary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Percentage of Participants With Best Overall Response (BOR) of CR or CRi With Minimal Residue Disease (MRD) Negative Bone Marrow From US Manufacturing Facility as Per IRC in the Main Cohort Only (Key Secondary)	3 months after tisagenlecleucel administration	These are the percentage of participants who achieved Best Overall Response (BOR) of complete response (CR) or complete response with incomplete blood count recovery (CRi) with an MRD-negative bone marrow by central analysis using flow cytometry among participants who received tisagenlecleucel from US manufacturing facilities only, by IRC assessment.
Percentage of Participants Who Achieved CR or CRi Without Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation (HSCT)	6 months after tisagenlecleucel administration	These are the participants who achieved CR or CRi without HSCT between tisagenlecleucel (CTL019) infusion and Month 6 response assessment.
Percentage of Participants Who Achieved CR or CRi and Then Proceeded to Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation (HSCT) While in Remission Prior to Month 6 Resoonse	6 months	These are the participants who achieved CR or CRi and then proceeded to HSCT while in remission prior to Month 6 response assessment
Site of Involvement of Subsequent Relapse	60 months	Anatomical location of relapse in participants who achieved prior CR/CRi subsequent to tisagenlecleucel infusion.
Percentage of Participants With Overall Remission Rate (ORR) as Per IRC From US Manufacturing Facilities in the Main Cohort Only (Key Secondary)	3 months after tisagenlecleucel administration	These are the percentage of participants with ORR who achieved overall remission rate which includes complete response (CR) and CR with incomplete blood count recovery (CRi) as determined by IRC assessment after having been infused with tisagenlecleucel from US manufacturing facilities.
Percentage of Participants With Best Overall Response (BOR) of CR or CRi With MRD Negative Bone Marrow by Flow Cytometry From All Manufacturing Facilities as Per IRC in the Main Cohort Only (Key Secondary)	3 months after tisagenlecleucel administration	These are the percentage of participants who achieved Best Overall Response (BOR) of CR or CRi with an MRD-negative bone marrow by central analysis using flow cytometry among participants who received tisagenlecleucel from all manufacturing facilities by IRC assessment. MRD negative = MRD% \< 0.01%
Event-free Survival Per IRC Assessment	60 months	EFS is the time from date of tisagenlecleucel infusion to the earliest of death, relapse or treatment failure.
Overall Survival (OS)	60 months	OS, is the time from date of tisagenlecleucel infusion to the date of death due to any reason.
Duration of Remission (DOR)	60 months	DOR is the time from achievement of CR or CRi at any time post-infusion, whichever occurs first, to relapse or death.
Percentage of Participants Attaining CR or CRi at Day 28 +/- 4 Days Post Tisagenlecleucel (CTL019) Infusion by IRC Assessment	1 month	These are participants who had a day 28 response (CR or CRi response) by IRC assessment.
Response as a Function of Baseline Tumor Burden (Tumor Load) in Main Cohort Only	3 months	Percentage of participants who achieved BOR of CR or CRi by flow cytometry as a function of baseline bone marrow tumor burden.
Expression of Tisagenlecleucel (CTL019) Detected by Flow Cytometry in Peripheral Blood by Day 28 Disease Response Per IRC Assessment	Month 60	This is the summary cellular kinetic concentrations for CTL019 by flow cytometry in peripheral blood. It evaluated the persistence of transduced CTL019 cells post-infusion. Observation was up to Month 60 for peripheral blood.
Tisagenlecleucel Transgene Levels by qPCR in Bone Marrow - Tisagenlecleucel Manufactured From Fraunhofer Institute	Month 3	This is the summary of cellular kinetic concentrations for Tisagenlecleucel (CTL019) transgene levels by qPCR, by disease response in bone marrow by IRC assessment. The assessment of the efficacy, safety and in vivo cellular pharmacokinetics are for patients infused with tisagenlecleucel manufactured by Fraunhofer Institute.
Number of Participants Who Proceeded to Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation (HSCT) After Tisagenlecleucel (CTL019) Infusion	up to 6 months	These are the participants who achieved CR or CRi and then proceeded to SCT after being infused by tisagenlecleucel.
Relapse-free Survival Per IRC Assessment	60 months	RFS is the time from achievement of CR or CRi at any time post-infusion, whichever occurs first, to relapse or death due to any cause during CR or CRi.
Bone Marrow MRD Status by Flow Cytometry Per IRC Assessment	28 days	Percentage of participants who achieved CR or CRi response with bone marrow MRD negative (MRD \< 0.01%) after tisagenlecleucel infusion by flow cytometry.
Tisagenlecleucel Transgene Levels by qPCR in Peripheral Blood by Day 28 Response by Independent Review Committee (IRC) Assessment	Month 60	This is the summary of cellular kinetic concentrations for Tisagenlecleucel (CTL019) transgene levels by qPCR in peripheral blood.
Expression of Tisagenlecleucel (CTL019) Detected by Flow Cytometry in Bone Marrow by Day 28 Response by IRC Assessment	Month 6	This is the summary cellular kinetic concentrations for CTL019 by flow cytometry. It evaluated the persistence of transduced CTL019 cells post-infusion. Observation was up to Month 6 for bone marrow.
Pharmacokinetics (PK) Parameter: Cmax by qPCR in Peripheral Blood, by Day 28 Disease Response by IRC	60 months	Cmax is the maximum (peak) observed in peripheral blood drug concentration after single dose administration reported by CR/CRi, no response (NR), Unknown and by All participants. D28 refers to the timepoint for definition of responder populations, whereas M60 is the actual timepoint for endpoint assessment. The reported Cmax is the summary of maximum level observed based on the data from each patient and based on all the data that's been collected for up to 60 months in a patient.
Tisagenlecleucel Transgene Levels by qPCR in Bone Marrow by Day 28 Response by IRC Assessment	Month 6	This is the summary of cellular kinetic concentrations for Tisagenlecleucel (CTL019) transgene levels by qPCR in bone marrow.
Prevalence and Incidence of Immunogenicity to Tisagenlecleucel (CTL019)	At any time post-baseline, up to a max. of 60 months	This is defined as the percentage of participants who tested positive for anti-mCAR19 antibodies at any time post-baseline, reported by CR/CRi, no response (NR), Unknown and by All participants. .
Effects of CTL019 Therapy on Patient Reported Outcomes as Measured by PedsQL Questionnaire	Month 3, M6, M12, M24, M60	The PedsQL questionnaire was for patients ≥ 8-years-old who achieved BOR as CR or CRi within 3 months and the questionnaire was on emotional, social, school, physical, and psychosocial health. Scores are transformed on a scale from 0 to 100, with the sum of all the items over the number of items answered on all the scales. The total scale score is the averaged value of scores of subscales, which means for each subscale and the total scale, the allowed ranges are 0-100. Higher scores on the PedsQL questionnaire for these subscales indicate consistent improvement of health-related quality of life (HRQol).
Develop a Score Utilizing Clinical and Biomarker Data and Assess Its Ability for Early Prediction of Cytokine Release Syndrome (CRS)	3 months	Derivation of a score to predict cytokine release syndrome. Considering the complexity and challenges of building a scoring system based on limited data from the trial, this analysis was not performed.
Frequent Monitoring of Concentrations of Soluble Immune Factors in Blood (C Reactive Protein & Ferritin)	Maximum post-baseline (approx. 60 months)	Profile of soluble immune factors of key inflammatory markers and cytokine parameters in blood by maximum CRS grade that may be key to cytokine release syndrome (CRS).
Frequent Monitoring of Concentrations of Soluble Immune Factors in Blood (All Other Inflammatory Markers)	Maximum post-baseline (approx. 60 months)	Profile of soluble immune factors of key inflammatory markers and cytokine parameters in blood by maximum CRS grade that may be key to cytokine release syndrome (CRS).
Pharmacokinetics (PK) Parameter: Tmax by qPCR in Peripheral Blood, by Day 28 Disease Response by IRC	60 months	Tmax is the time to reach maximum (peak) peripheral blood drug concentration after single dose administration (days)", reported by CR/CRi, no response (NR), Unknown and by All participants. D28 refers to the timepoint for definition of responder populations, whereas M60 is the actual timepoint for endpoint assessment. The time frame of 60 months refers to the duration for which the data were reviewed to identify the time of Cmax for this measure.
Pharmacokinetics (PK) Parameter: AUCs by qPCR in Peripheral Blood, by Day 28 Disease Response by IRC	0 to 84 days after infusion	AUC (area under curve) from day of infusion to day 28 or other disease assessment days, in peripheral blood (% or copies/μg x days), reported by CR/CRi, no response (NR), Unknown and by All participants. D28 refers to the timepoint for definition of responder populations, whereas 84 days is the actual timepoint for endpoint assessment. : AUC is defined based on the time window i.e., AUC from 0 to 84 days after infusion. Therefore, the time frame specifies the maximum time for up to which the data are used for estimation of AUC (84 days for AUC84d).
Percentage Change From Baseline of Levels of B and T Cells (Blood and Bone Marrow) Prior to and Following CTL019 Infusion	Month 3, Month 12, Maximum post-baseline (approx. 60 months)	Levels of B and T cells (blood and bone marrow) prior to and following CTL019 infusion for safety monitoring
Percentage of Participants With Overall Remission Rate (ORR) - From Fraunhofer Institute Manufacturing Facility	60 months	These are the percentage of participants with ORR who achieved overall remission rate which includes complete response (CR) and CR with incomplete blood count recovery (CRi) as determined by IRC assessment after having been infused with tisagenlecleucel from Fraunhofer Institute manufacturing facility.
Percentage of Participants With Best Overall Response (BOR) of CR or CRi With Minimal Residue Disease (MRD) Negative Bone Marrow From Fraunhofer Institute Manufacturing Facility as Per IRC	3 months	These are the percentage of participants who achieved Best Overall Response (BOR) of CR or CRi with an MRD-negative bone marrow by central analysis using flow cytometry among participants who received tisagenlecleucel from Fraunhofer Institute manufacturing facilities only, by IRC assessment.
Persistence of Tisagenlecleucel (CTL019) in Blood, Bone Marrow and CSF if Available, by qPCR, by Day 28 Response by IRC	60 months	Persistence is defined as the time corresponding to last quantifiable transgene level in peripheral blood (Tlast), reported by CR/CRi, no response (NR), Unknown and by All participants. D28 refers to the timepoint for definition of responder populations, whereas M60 is the actual timepoint for endpoint assessment.
Effects of CTL019 Therapy on Patient Reported Outcomes as Measured by EQ-5D Questionnaire	Month 60	Results from the EQ-5D questionnaire is for number of participants who achieved CR or CRi at month 60. The EQ-5D descriptive system comprises 5 dimensions: mobility, self-care, usual activities, pain \& discomfort, anxiety \& depression. Respondents are asked to choose the statement in each dimension that best describes their health status on the day surveyed. Their responses are coded as a number (1, 2, or 3) that corresponds to the respective level of severity: 1 indicates no problems, 2 some problems, and 3 severe problems. The patient is asked to indicate his/her health state by ticking the box next to the most appropriate statement in each of the 5 dimensions. This decision results in a 1-digit number that expresses the level selected for that dimension. The digits for the 5 dimensions can be combined into a 5-digit number that describes the patient's health state. The scores are then normalized to a value from 0-100 where higher scores = better HRQOL \& fewer problems or symptoms.
Tisagenlecleucel Transgene Levels by qPCR in Peripheral Blood - Tisagenlecleucel Manufactured From Fraunhofer Institute	Month 60	This is the summary of cellular kinetic concentrations for Tisagenlecleucel (CTL019) transgene levels by qPCR, by disease response in blood by IRC assessment. The assessment of the efficacy, safety and in vivo cellular pharmacokinetics are for patients infused with tisagenlecleucel manufactured by Fraunhofer Institute.

Trial Locations

Locations (12): Childrens Hospital Los Angeles SC CTL019
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Los Angeles, California, United States
The Childrens Hospital of Philadelphia CHOP
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Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States
Novartis Investigative Site
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Esplugues De Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
Children s Mercy Hospital SC - CTL019B2205J
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Kansas City, Missouri, United States
Oregon Health and Science University Doernbecher Children's Hosp.
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Portland, Oregon, United States
University of Minnesota
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Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States
Duke Unversity Medical Center .
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Durham, North Carolina, United States
University of Utah Clinical Trials Office SC - CTL019B2205J
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Salt Lake City, Utah, United States
Children's Healthcare of Atlanta SC CTL019
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Atlanta, Georgia, United States
University of Michigan .
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Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States
Stanford Universtiy Medical Center SC - CTL019B2205J - B2206
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Stanford, California, United States
University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center .
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Dallas, Texas, United States