Training in the Fasted State, Glucose Metabolism and Energy Balance
试验速览
- 阶段
- 不适用
- 状态
- 已完成
- 入组人数
- 30
- 试验地点
- 2
- 主要终点
- Postprandial plasma glucose concentrations
研究概览
简要总结
In healthy individuals, the body responds to glucose (sugar) ingestion by reducing the amount released from the liver. At the same time, skeletal muscles increase the rate at which they remove the glucose from the bloodstream, via the actions of the hormone insulin. This ensures that blood glucose levels remain in a controlled range. However, in developed countries, diseases such as metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes are becoming prevalent, due to dietary modifications and a reduction in physical activity. As one of the prominent barriers to regular physical activity is a lack of time, finding ways to maximize the health benefits of exercise is a priority for researchers.
The investigators want to understand potential differences in the effects of six weeks of aerobic training, with the exercise performed either after breakfast or after a prolonged fast. Specifically, this research aims to investigate whether there is a difference in the change in processes implicated in glucose regulation and secondly, in subsequent eating and physical activity behaviors. By investigating these changes this work will explore how exercise and nutrition can be optimized to benefit health and weight loss.
研究设计
- 研究类型
- Interventional
- 分配方式
- Randomized
- 干预模型
- Parallel
- 主要目的
- Basic Science
- 盲法
- None
入排标准
- 年龄范围
- 18 Years 至 49 Years（Adult）
- 性别
- Male
- 接受健康志愿者
- 是
入选标准
- •Aged 18-49
- •Body mass index (BMI) > 25 kg/m2
- •Weight stable for > 6 months
- •Not currently engaging in any form of structured exercise
- •Be able and willing to give informed oral and written consent
- •Complete and meet the defined criteria of pre-study questionnaires and screen
排除标准
- •Have a history of metabolic, cardio-pulmonary or musculoskeletal disease
- •Have plans to change diet and/or physical activity outside of the intervention
- •Taking regular medication or food supplements from which it is not possible to refrain and which are known to influence any of the outcome measures.
- •Failure to refrain from alcohol and/or caffeine containing drinks or strenuous exercise one day before or during the trial days
- •Any reported condition or behavior deemed to pose a risk to the participant or introduce bias into the experiment
结局指标
主要结局
Postprandial plasma glucose concentrations
时间窗: 120 mins - (change after 6 weeks)
Response to oral glucose tolerance test (area under the curve)
Postprandial insulin concentrations
时间窗: 120 mins - (change after 6 weeks)
Response to oral glucose tolerance test (area under the curve)
次要结局
- Oral Glucose Insulin Sensitivity Index(120 mins - (change after 6 weeks))
- Habitual energy expenditure(Change after 6 weeks)
- Waist and hip circumference (cm)(Change after 6 weeks)
- Cardiorespiratory fitness (VO2max)(Change after 6 weeks)
- Habitual energy intake(Change after 6 weeks)
- Body mass (kg)(Change after 6 weeks)
- Fasting plasma glucose concentration(Basal Concentrations - (change after 6 weeks))
- Maximal rate of whole-body lipid oxidation (g/min)(Change after 6 weeks)
- Fasting plasma HDL cholesterol concentrations(Basal Concentrations - (change after 6 weeks))
- Fasting plasma LDL cholesterol concentrations(Basal Concentrations - (change after 6 weeks))
- Postprandial plasma glycerol concentrations(Change after 6 weeks)
- Fasting plasma insulin concentration(Basal Concentrations - (change after 6 weeks))
- Postprandial non-esterified fatty acid concentrations(120 mins - (change after 6 weeks))
- Citrate Synthase Activity (mitochondrial citrate synthase activity in each muscle sample in an immunocapture based manner)(Change after 6 weeks)
- Protein content of cluster of differentiation 36 (CD36)(Change after 6 weeks. For each participant the protein content will be presented as the fold change from baseline (arbitrary units))
- Protein content (total and phosphorylated form) of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK)(Change after 6 weeks. For each participant the protein content will be presented as the fold change from baseline (arbitrary units))
- Fasting plasma triglyceride concentrations(Basal Concentrations - (change after 6 weeks))
- Fasting plasma total cholesterol concentrations(Basal Concentrations - (change after 6 weeks))
- Fasting plasma non-esterified fatty acid concentrations(Basal Concentrations - (change after 6 weeks))
- Waist to hip ratio(Change after 6 weeks)
- Protein content of mitochondrial respiratory chain proteins(Change after 6 weeks. For each participant the protein content will be presented as the fold change from baseline (arbitrary units).)
- Resting metabolic rate (RMR)(Change after 6 weeks)
- Whole-body carbohydrate utilisation during exercise(Change throughout complete training period (weeks 1 through to 6). Samples will be collected during every training session (three times weekly for six weeks))
- Homeostasis Model Assessment (HOMA2-IR)(Change after 6 weeks)
- Adipose Tissue Insulin Resistance Index (Adipo-IR)(Change after 6 weeks)
- Protein content of carnitine palmitoyltransferase I (CPT-1)(Change after 6 weeks. For each participant the protein content will be presented as the fold change from baseline (arbitrary units))
- Fasting plasma glycerol concentrations(Basal Concentrations - (change after 6 weeks))
- Energy balance(Change after 6 weeks (during week 6 of intervention versus baseline monitoring))
- Whole-body lipid utilisation during exercise(Change throughout complete training period (weeks 1 through to 6). Samples will be collected during every training session (three times weekly for six weeks))
研究者
Javier Gonzalez
Dr Javier Gonzalez
University of Bath