Impact of Estrogen Receptor Modulators on Mania Patients and Its Relationship With Genetic Polymorphism of Phospholipase C Epsilon1

Bipolar disorder, formerly known as manic depression, is typified by severe mood fluctuations with emotional highs (mania or hypomania) and lows (depression). Tamoxifen [TMX], an oral medication, has been proposed as a potential treatment for bipolar disorder. Tamoxifen)modulator of the Estrogen Recptor) functions by blocking the intracellular action of protein kinase C, which is the mechanism by which popular treatments for bipolar disorder such as valproate and lithium function. . Targeted therapy benefits greatly from drug delivery methods based on nanoparticles because they enhance bioavailability, decrease side effects, and increase efficiency. .

Enzymes belonging to the PKC class are essential for cell signaling. Data from previous studies suggest that increased PKC activity may affect the prefrontal cortical regulation of behavior and thinking. PKC is unique in that it is controlled by tyrosine phosphorylation and has several subcellular destinations . In a study of bipolar individuals who responded well to lithium, a variant in the phospholipase C gene, which codes for the first enzyme in the PKC cascade, was discovered .

The 26th exon of the Phospholipase C epsilon1gene (PLCE1) gene contains the non-synonymous SNP Rs2274223, which can change one amino acid from histidine to arginine 6. SNP rs2274223 in PLCE1 is one of the polymorphic loci that has been studied the most .