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Impact of the Genetic Background as a Risk Factor for Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease in the Brazilian Population

Active, not recruiting
Conditions
Genetic Predisposition to Disease
Cardiovascular Diseases
Acute MI
Stroke
Peripheral Arterial Disease
Interventions
Genetic: Exposure to genetics (polygenic)
Registration Number
NCT05515653
Lead Sponsor
Hospital Alemão Oswaldo Cruz
Brief Summary

The main objective of this project is to evaluate the genomic information previously associated with cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and its importance as an independent risk predictor (expressed in Odds Ratio) when adjusted for traditional risk factors (smoking, diabetes, arterial hypertension, obesity , anxiety and depression, inadequate diet, physical inactivity, alcohol consumption and apolipoprotein B/A1 ratio (ApoB/ApoA1).

An unpaired case-control study of individuals over 18 years of age will be carried out. Cases (N = 1867) will be enrolled right after the occurrence of the first atherosclerotic cardiovascular event (Acute Myocardial Infarction, Stroke and Peripheral Artery Thrombotic-Ischemic Events). The ratio between cases and controls will be 1:1. The controls (N = 1867) will be adult individuals over 18 years of age who sought medical care at the same locations for other clinical reasons (no CVD) or individuals without any overt disease. The genetic evaluation will be performed through the association of Low-covering Whole Genome Sequencing (coverage 0.5-5x) and Whole Exome Sequencing (average coverage 30x).

Detailed Description

The study will be carried out in about 50 centers, comprising the five Brazilian regions. The study will be conducted from July 2022 to December 2023. Data collection will be performed at each center consecutively, for cases and controls, through electronic Case Report Form (CRF).

Cases (N = 1867) will be selected by the occurrence of the first atherosclerotic cardiovascular event (Acute Myocardial Infarction, Stroke and Peripheral Arterial Thrombotic-Ischemic Events) during the hospitalization phase for the management of the acute atherothrombotic event. The ratio between cases and controls will be 1:1. Controls (N = 1867) will be adult individuals over 18 years of age who sought medical care at the same locations for other clinical reasons (no CVD) or individuals without any overt disease. The definitions of acute atherothrombotic events follow classic clinical and complementary exam criteria and are based on national and international guidelines. The complete project was submitted to the local Institutional Review Board (IRB)/National Research Ethics Commission (CONEP) system and has ethical approval (CAAE: 56482922.2.1001.0070). All cases and controls will be invited to participate and, if they agree, an Informed Consent Form will be obtained.

Investigators will assess exposures to traditional risk factors in combination with genomic data (polygenic risk score) in both cases and controls, and these exposures will be expressed as odds ratios. Multiple logistic regression models will be built to adjust and determine the strengths of association between demographic variables, traditional risk factors and genetic data: gender, age, ethnicity, weight, body mass index, smoking, diabetes, hypertension, obesity, anxiety and depression, inadequate diet, physical inactivity, alcohol consumption and apolipoprotein B/A1 ratio (ApoB/ApoA1). For each association variable with a greater chance of cardiovascular disease (significant OR), an attributable risk will be calculated to estimate the fraction of risk attributable to the genetic component (Polygenic Risk Score) and to other clinical and demographic variables.

The polygenic risk score will be calculated through a hybrid approach by taking into account the following features: effect size of each Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP), number of effect alleles observed, sample ploidy, total number of SNPs included in the Polygenic Risk Score, and the number of nonmissing SNPs in the sample. Each risk allele will be given points in the risk score, and the total score will range between 0 (absence of risk alleles) and the maximum value (yet to be defined), based on the distribution of risk alleles that will be identified in the population included in the study. The scale will be interpreted in a direct (positive) association, i.e., the higher the score, the higher the number of alleles and respective weighted effect sizes. Finally, the polygenic risk score will be adjusted to previously reported traditional risk factors for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease to determine the attributable risk fraction associated with the genomic profile.

Recruitment & Eligibility

Status
ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING
Sex
All
Target Recruitment
3974
Inclusion Criteria
  • Cases: adults over 18 years with first atherosclerotic cardiovascular event (Acute Myocardial Infarction, Stroke and Peripheral Artery Thrombotic-Ischemic Events)
  • Controls: adult individuals over 18 years of age who sought medical care at the same locations for other clinical reasons (no CVD) or individuals without any overt disease
Exclusion Criteria
  • Previous occurrence of Cardiovascular Event (Myocardial Infarction, Stroke or Peripheral Artery Thrombotic Events
  • Patients already recruited in another study linked to the GENOMA Brazil Program.

Study & Design

Study Type
OBSERVATIONAL
Study Design
Not specified
Arm && Interventions
GroupInterventionDescription
Case - atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseaseExposure to genetics (polygenic)Patients with the first atherosclerotic cardiovascular event (Acute Myocardial Infarction, Stroke and Peripheral Artery Thrombotic-Ischemic Events)
Control - without atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease ou healthyExposure to genetics (polygenic)Patients who sought medical care at the same site as cases without atherosclerotic cardiovascular event (Acute Myocardial Infarction, Stroke and Peripheral Artery Thrombotic-Ischemic Events) or healthy individuals
Primary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Population attributable risk fraction measured for the Polygenic Risk Score. Scale will range from 0 to maximum number of risk alleles. The higher the score, the higher the number of risk alleles (worse).through study completion, an average of 1 year

Population attributable risk fraction of atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases adjusted for other risk factors related to: diet, physical exercise, smoking, alcoholism, chronic disease history (diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia, etc) and biochemical parameters.

Polymorphisms genes as an independent risk factor for the occurrence of Acute Myocardial infarction (AMI), stroke and peripherical arterial thrombotic-ischemic eventsthrough study completion, an average of 1 year

As it is a case-control study, there will be no follow-up for the occurrence of clinical events. Therefore, we will assess exposures to traditional risk factors to cardiovascular events (MI, Stroke and acute peripheral atherothrombotic event) in combination with genomic data (polygenic risk score) in both cases and controls, and these exposures will be expressed as odds ratios. Multiple logistic regression models will be built to adjust and determine the strengths of association between demographic variables, traditional risk factors and genetic data

Secondary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod

Trial Locations

Locations (41)

Hospital Universitário Cassiano Antônio de Moraes

🇧🇷

Vitória, ES, Brazil

Hospital Universitário da Universidade Federal do Maranhão/HU/UFMA

🇧🇷

São Luís, MA, Brazil

Centro de Pesquisas Clínicas Dr. Marco Mota HCOR

🇧🇷

Maceió, Alagoas, Brazil

Acurácia Serviços Médicos

🇧🇷

Rio Branco, AC, Brazil

Centro de Pesquisa Clínica do Coração

🇧🇷

Aracaju, CE, Brazil

Real Hospital Português de Beneficência em Pernambuco

🇧🇷

Recife, PE, Brazil

Hospital Universitário Maria Aparecida Pedrossian

🇧🇷

Campo Grande, MS, Brazil

Hospital Universitário da Universidade Federal do Piauí

🇧🇷

Teresina, PI, Brazil

Santa Casa de Misericórdia de Pelotas

🇧🇷

Pelotas, RS, Brazil

Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre

🇧🇷

Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil

Instituto de Cardiologia do Rio Grande do Sul

🇧🇷

Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil

Hospital Alemão Oswaldo Cruz

🇧🇷

São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil

Instituto Cárdio Pulmonar da Bahia

🇧🇷

Salvador, Bahia, Brazil

Hospital Carlos Fenando Malzoni

🇧🇷

Matão, São Paulo, Brazil

Instituto Atena de Pesquisa Clínica

🇧🇷

Natal, RN, Brazil

Scentryfar Pesquisa Clínica

🇧🇷

Campinas, SP, Brazil

Maestri e Kormann Consultoria Medico Cientifica

🇧🇷

Blumenau, Santa Catarina, Brazil

H&W Cardiologia LTDA

🇧🇷

Joinville, Santa Catarina, Brazil

Hospital e Clínica São Roque

🇧🇷

Ipiaú, Bahia, Brazil

Hospital Evangélico de Vila Velha

🇧🇷

Vila Velha, ES, Brazil

Universidade Federal de Goiás - UFG

🇧🇷

Goiânia, GO, Brazil

Santa Casa de Misericórdia de Belo Horizonte

🇧🇷

Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil

Hospital de Clínicas da Universidade Federal do Triângulo Mineiro

🇧🇷

Uberaba, MG, Brazil

Hospital Geral Filantrópico Universitário - Assoc. de Proteção à Maternidade e Infância de Cuiabá

🇧🇷

Cuiabá, Mount, Brazil

Núcleo de Pesquisa Clínica S/S

🇧🇷

Curitiba, PR, Brazil

Instituto de Pesquisa Clínica de Campinas

🇧🇷

Campinas, SP, Brazil

Fundação Faculdade de Medicina de São José do Rio Preto

🇧🇷

São José Do Rio Preto, SP, Brazil

Instituto de Cardiologia HCFMUSP

🇧🇷

São Paulo, SP, Brazil

Hospital Maternidade São Vicente de Paulo

🇧🇷

Barbalha, Ceará, Brazil

Hospital Universitário de Santa Maria

🇧🇷

Santa Maria, RS, Brazil

Santa Casa de Misericordia de Belo Horizonte

🇧🇷

Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil

Hospital e Maternidade Angelina Caron

🇧🇷

Campina Grande Do Sul, PR, Brazil

Associacao Hospitalar Beneficente Sao Vicente de Paulo

🇧🇷

Passo Fundo, RS, Brazil

Hospital Nossa Senhora Da Conceicao Sa

🇧🇷

Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil

Associação Dr. Bartholomeu Tacchini

🇧🇷

Bento Gonçalves, Rio Grande Do Sul, Brazil

Hospital Cirurgia

🇧🇷

Aracaju, SE, Brazil

Instituto Dante Pazzanese de Cardiologia

🇧🇷

São Paulo, SP, Brazil

Hospital Municipal de Barueri

🇧🇷

Barueri, SP, Brazil

Instituto de Pesquisa GNDI

🇧🇷

São Paulo, SP, Brazil

Hospital Santa Paula

🇧🇷

São Paulo, Brazil

Braile Hospital Dia Ltda

🇧🇷

São José Do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil

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