The Influence of Childhood Maltreatment on Cognitive and Reactive Fear
试验速览
- 阶段
- 不适用
- 发起方
- 入组人数
- 80
- 试验地点
- 1
- 主要终点
- Difficulty ratings in the flight initiation distance (FID) task
研究概览
简要总结
The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effects of childhood maltreatment on cognitive and reactive fear.
详细描述
Childhood maltreatment dramatically increases the risk for psychiatric disorders accompanied by profound difficulties in social interactions. However, it is still unclear how childhood maltreatment affects social interactions in adulthood. In this study, we examine how childhood maltreatment may modulate threat sensitivity assessed by the distance at which an individual flees from an approaching threat. While rapid escape decisions rely on "reactive fear" circuits, slower escape decisions are associated with "cognitive fear" circuits. Based on previous observations of altered early sensory processing, we expect that childhood maltreatment affects both cognitive and reactive fear circuits.
研究设计
- 研究类型
- Observational
- 观察模型
- Ecologic Or Community
- 时间视角
- Cross Sectional
入排标准
- 年龄范围
- 18 Years 至 65 Years（Adult, Older Adult）
- 性别
- All
- 接受健康志愿者
- 是
入选标准
- •Healthy subjects with varying levels of childhood maltreatment
排除标准
- •current psychiatric illness
- •current psychiatric medication or psychotherapy
- •MRI contraindication (e.g. metal in body, claustrophobia)
- •pregnancy
结局指标
主要结局
Difficulty ratings in the flight initiation distance (FID) task
时间窗: fMRI paradigm with an average duration of 45 minutes
Associations between the difficulty ratings in the FID task and childhood maltreatment will be analyzed using regression analyses with Childhood Trauma Questionnaire scores. Behavioral data will be correlated with fMRI data of the FID task.
Confidence ratings in the flight initiation distance (FID) task
时间窗: fMRI paradigm with an average duration of 45 minutes
Associations between the confidence ratings in the FID task and childhood maltreatment will be analyzed using regression analyses with Childhood Trauma Questionnaire scores. Behavioral data will be correlated with fMRI data of the FID task.
Neural responses in the flight initiation distance (FID) task
时间窗: fMRI paradigm with an average duration of 45 minutes
Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) will be performed to measure blood-oxygen-level dependent signal in a flight initiation distance (FID) task, involving fast-, medium- and slow-attacking virtual predators that elicit distinct activations in the reactive and cognitive fear circuits. Blood-oxygen-level-dependent signals to different predator velocities will be analyzed. Analyses will focus on regions-of-interest associated with the processing of cognitive fear (ventromedial prefrontal cortex, posterior cingulate cortex, hippocampus, and basolateral amygdala) and reactive fear (midbrain periaqueductal gray, central amygdala, hypothalamus, and the midcingulate cortex). To examine effects of childhood maltreatment, regression analyses with Childhood Trauma Questionnaire scores will be conducted on the second level.
Flight distance in the flight initiation distance (FID) task
时间窗: fMRI paradigm with an average duration of 45 minutes
Associations between the flight distance in the FID task and childhood maltreatment will be analyzed using regression analyses with Childhood Trauma Questionnaire scores. Behavioral data will be correlated with fMRI data of the FID task.
次要结局
未报告次要终点
研究者
Rene Hurlemann
Professor for Psychiatry
University of Oldenburg