Comparative study to evaluate efficacy of intravenous Ketamine and Tramadol for prevention of shivering in patients undergoing caesarean section under spinal anaesthesia

A prospective , Randomized and double blinded study will be conducted in healthy pregnant women,of 18 - 40 years of age without any comorbid conditions requiring caesarean section under spinal anaesthesia. Patient with refusal to consent, Patients with history of hypersensitivity to study drugs ,history of cardiovascular diseases, hypertension , pregnancy induced hypertension(PIH),Eclampsia, Antepartum Hemorrhage, intake of any antipsychotic medications. Patients who will develop shivering prior to study drugs. Failure of spinal anaesthesia and patient requiring general anaesthesia or sedation or and any other major intraoperative complications .will be excluded from study. Patient will be randomly allocated into one of the three groups ,according to computer generated list Group (K1)will receive 0.25mg/kg Ketamine, Group (K2) will receive 0.5mg/kg Ketamine, Group (T) will receive 0.5 mg/kg Tramadol. Patients will be prepared and given spinal anaesthesia and after delivery of baby the study drugs will be given. Patients heart rate ,blood pressure, oxygen saturation ,temperature, sedation score and shivering grading will be recorded, every 5 minutes intraoperatively and every 10 minutes postoperatively over an hour .Data will be analysed using appropriate statistical methods.