BMS-986253 in Myelodysplastic Syndromes

Phase 1

Terminated

Conditions: Myelodysplastic Syndromes

Interventions: Drug: Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) methyltransferase inhibitors (DNMTi) Decitabine
Drug: BMS-986253
Procedure: Bone Marrow Biopsy
Drug: Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) methyltransferase inhibitors (DNMTi) Cedazuridine
Procedure: ECG
Procedure: Bone Marrow Aspiration

Registration Number: NCT05148234

Lead Sponsor: National Cancer Institute (NCI)

Brief Summary: Background:

The myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) are a group of bone marrow neoplasms. MDS mostly affect elderly people. The drugs used to treat MDS are not always effective, and the only curative treatment is stem cell transplant. Researchers want to see if a new drug can be used to treat MDS.

Objective:

To learn if HuMax-interleukin 8 (IL-8) BMS-986253 is a safe and effective treatment for MDS.

Eligibility:

Adults aged 18 and older with MDS.

Design:

Participants will be screened with a medical history, medication review, and physical exam. They will answer questions about how well they are able to take care of themselves. Their temperature, blood pressure, breathing rate, and heart rate will be monitored. They will have an electrocardiogram to see how well their heart is working. They will give blood and urine samples. They may have a bone marrow biopsy.

Participants will be assigned to a specific group. They will receive either BMS-986253 alone or in combination with deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) methyltransferase inhibitors (DNMTi).

Treatment will be given in 28-day cycles. Participants will get BMS-986253 as an infusion on days 1 and 15 of each cycle. Some participants also will take oral DNMTi on days 2-6 of each cycle. They will receive treatment until their disease gets worse or they have bad side effects.

At study visits, some screening tests will be repeated. Some of the samples that are collected will be used for genetic testing.

About 30 days after treatment ends, participants will have a follow-up visit to see how they are doing. After that, follow up will occur via phone every 3-6 months until the study ends.

National Institutes of Health (NIH) will cover the costs for some travel expenses....

Detailed Description: Background:

The myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) are a group of clonal bone marrow neoplasms characterized by ineffective hematopoiesis, cytopenia, and high risk for transformation to acute myeloid leukemia (AML).

MDS is primarily a disease of the elderly, with about 80% of participants being older than 65-years of age; with 10,000 new diagnoses per year in the United States (U.S.)

The only curative treatment for participants with MDS is allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) and only a small portion of participants are eligible. Depending on risk stratification, the median survival of high- and low-risk MDS participants is 1.5 to 5.9 years, respectively.

Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) methyltransferase inhibitors (DNMTi) are the standard of care therapy for high-risk MDS. However, less than half of participants respond to DNMTi, and even the best responses are transient and non-curative. More effective and less toxic therapies are needed.

Interleukin-8 (IL-8) is a proinflammatory chemokine from the chemokine (C-X-C motif) CXC family and a potent chemoattractant of granulocytes and related cells to the site of inflammation. IL-8 is uniquely upregulated and found at high levels in both the peripheral blood and bone marrow aspirates of MDS participants. In purified MDS/Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) long-term/short term stem cells and granulocyte-macrophage progenitor cells both IL-8 and the IL-8 receptor, CXCR2, are overexpressed.

Preclinical data showed that CXCR2 inhibition led to significantly reduce proliferation of leukemic cell lines. In addition, MDS cluster of differentiation 34 (CD34+) cell cultures treated with neutralizing anti-IL-8 showed improvement in erythroid colony formation.

BMS-986253 is a fully human Immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) neutralizing antibody that showed a favorable safety profile in participants with advanced solid tumors.

Concomitant treatment with DNMTi and BMS-986253 may improve treatment responses in participants with MDS by attenuating chemoattraction of myeloid derived suppressor cells to the bone marrow, indirectly disinhibiting natural killer (NK)- and T-cell responses against MDS stem cells, reducing neoangiogenesis, and improving cytopenia.

Objectives:

Primary objectives:

Phase I: To determine the optimal biological dose (OBD) and recommended phase 2 dose (RP2D) of BMS-986253 with or without DNMTi (decitabine and cedazuridine) therapy in MDS participants, and to describe the safety and tolerability of BMS-986253.

Phase II: To determine overall response rate (ORR) to BMS-986253 with or without DNMTi (decitabine and cedazuridine) therapy in MDS, measured according to the proposed revised International Working Group (IWG) 2018 response criteria.

Eligibility:

Participants must have histologically or cytologically confirmed MDS according to 2016 World Health Organization (WHO) criteria and

* have higher risk (HR) MDS Revised International Prognostic Scoring System (R-IPSS \>= 3.5) and received a minimum of 2 and maximum of 8 cycles of DNMTi for Phase I (and a maximum of 4 cycles for Phase 2), or

* have lower risk (LR) MDS (R-IPSS \<3.5) and at least one cytopenia (for both Phases I and II).

Age \>=18 years

Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status \<=2 (KPS \>= 60%)

Design:

This study consists of two phases:

Phase I: safety evaluation with determination of optimal biological dose (OBD) of BMS-986253 with or without DNMTi (decitabine and cedazuridine), and

Phase II: efficacy evaluation of BMS-986253 with or without DNMTi (decitabine and cedazuridine)

In both Phase I and II, participants will be enrolled into two cohorts:

A) Higher-risk cohort (HR-MDS), including high-risk and higher intermediate-risk disease, defined as those with R-IPSS \>= 3.5: treatment with BMS-986253 in combination with DNMTi (decitabine and cedazuridine)

B) Lower-risk cohort (LR-MDS), including low-risk and lower intermediate-risk disease participants, defined as those with R-IPSS \<3.5: treatment with BMS-986253 given as monotherapy

For Phase I, the safety endpoint will be dose limiting-toxicity (DLT) by D28 with the objective of defining the OBD and RP2D for BMS-986253. In addition, follow up for safety will be assessed 100 days after the end of the treatment cycle. For Phase II, the primary endpoint will be overall response rate after 6 cycles, reported separately by cohort.

Recruitment & Eligibility

Status: TERMINATED

Sex: All

Target Recruitment: 2

Inclusion Criteria

Not provided

Exclusion Criteria

Not provided

Study & Design

Study Type: INTERVENTIONAL

Study Design: SEQUENTIAL

Arm && Interventions

Group	Intervention	Description
Phase I Lower Risk (LR) Myelodysplastic Syndromes (MDS) Participants	Bone Marrow Biopsy	Escalating doses of Human Humax (HuMax)-interleukin 8 (IL-8) (BMS-986253) for lower risk (LR) myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) participants.
Phase I Lower Risk (LR) Myelodysplastic Syndromes (MDS) Participants	ECG	Escalating doses of Human Humax (HuMax)-interleukin 8 (IL-8) (BMS-986253) for lower risk (LR) myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) participants.
Phase II Higher Risk (HR) Myelodysplastic Syndromes (MDS) Participants	ECG	Phase II dose of Human Humax (HuMax)-interleukin 8 (IL-8) (BMS-986253) + deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) methyltransferase inhibitors (DNMTi) for higher risk (HR) myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) participants.
Phase II Lower Risk (LR) Myelodysplastic Syndromes (MDS) Participants	Bone Marrow Biopsy	Phase II dose of Human Humax (HuMax)-interleukin 8 (IL-8) (BMS-986253) for lower risk (LR) myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) participants.
Phase I Eligible Higher Risk (HR) Myelodysplastic Syndromes (MDS) Participants	Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) methyltransferase inhibitors (DNMTi) Decitabine	Escalating doses of Human Humax (HuMax)-interleukin 8 (IL-8) (BMS-986253) + deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) methyltransferase inhibitors (DNMTi) for higher risk (HR) myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) participants.
Phase I Eligible Higher Risk (HR) Myelodysplastic Syndromes (MDS) Participants	Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) methyltransferase inhibitors (DNMTi) Cedazuridine	Escalating doses of Human Humax (HuMax)-interleukin 8 (IL-8) (BMS-986253) + deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) methyltransferase inhibitors (DNMTi) for higher risk (HR) myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) participants.
Phase I Eligible Higher Risk (HR) Myelodysplastic Syndromes (MDS) Participants	Bone Marrow Aspiration	Escalating doses of Human Humax (HuMax)-interleukin 8 (IL-8) (BMS-986253) + deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) methyltransferase inhibitors (DNMTi) for higher risk (HR) myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) participants.
Phase I Eligible Higher Risk (HR) Myelodysplastic Syndromes (MDS) Participants	Bone Marrow Biopsy	Escalating doses of Human Humax (HuMax)-interleukin 8 (IL-8) (BMS-986253) + deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) methyltransferase inhibitors (DNMTi) for higher risk (HR) myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) participants.
Phase I Eligible Higher Risk (HR) Myelodysplastic Syndromes (MDS) Participants	ECG	Escalating doses of Human Humax (HuMax)-interleukin 8 (IL-8) (BMS-986253) + deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) methyltransferase inhibitors (DNMTi) for higher risk (HR) myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) participants.
Phase I Lower Risk (LR) Myelodysplastic Syndromes (MDS) Participants	Bone Marrow Aspiration	Escalating doses of Human Humax (HuMax)-interleukin 8 (IL-8) (BMS-986253) for lower risk (LR) myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) participants.
Phase II Higher Risk (HR) Myelodysplastic Syndromes (MDS) Participants	Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) methyltransferase inhibitors (DNMTi) Cedazuridine	Phase II dose of Human Humax (HuMax)-interleukin 8 (IL-8) (BMS-986253) + deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) methyltransferase inhibitors (DNMTi) for higher risk (HR) myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) participants.
Phase II Higher Risk (HR) Myelodysplastic Syndromes (MDS) Participants	Bone Marrow Aspiration	Phase II dose of Human Humax (HuMax)-interleukin 8 (IL-8) (BMS-986253) + deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) methyltransferase inhibitors (DNMTi) for higher risk (HR) myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) participants.
Phase I Lower Risk (LR) Myelodysplastic Syndromes (MDS) Participants	BMS-986253	Escalating doses of Human Humax (HuMax)-interleukin 8 (IL-8) (BMS-986253) for lower risk (LR) myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) participants.
Phase II Lower Risk (LR) Myelodysplastic Syndromes (MDS) Participants	Bone Marrow Aspiration	Phase II dose of Human Humax (HuMax)-interleukin 8 (IL-8) (BMS-986253) for lower risk (LR) myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) participants.
Phase II Higher Risk (HR) Myelodysplastic Syndromes (MDS) Participants	Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) methyltransferase inhibitors (DNMTi) Decitabine	Phase II dose of Human Humax (HuMax)-interleukin 8 (IL-8) (BMS-986253) + deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) methyltransferase inhibitors (DNMTi) for higher risk (HR) myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) participants.
Phase II Higher Risk (HR) Myelodysplastic Syndromes (MDS) Participants	Bone Marrow Biopsy	Phase II dose of Human Humax (HuMax)-interleukin 8 (IL-8) (BMS-986253) + deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) methyltransferase inhibitors (DNMTi) for higher risk (HR) myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) participants.
Phase II Lower Risk (LR) Myelodysplastic Syndromes (MDS) Participants	ECG	Phase II dose of Human Humax (HuMax)-interleukin 8 (IL-8) (BMS-986253) for lower risk (LR) myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) participants.
Phase II Higher Risk (HR) Myelodysplastic Syndromes (MDS) Participants	BMS-986253	Phase II dose of Human Humax (HuMax)-interleukin 8 (IL-8) (BMS-986253) + deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) methyltransferase inhibitors (DNMTi) for higher risk (HR) myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) participants.
Phase I Eligible Higher Risk (HR) Myelodysplastic Syndromes (MDS) Participants	BMS-986253	Escalating doses of Human Humax (HuMax)-interleukin 8 (IL-8) (BMS-986253) + deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) methyltransferase inhibitors (DNMTi) for higher risk (HR) myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) participants.
Phase II Lower Risk (LR) Myelodysplastic Syndromes (MDS) Participants	BMS-986253	Phase II dose of Human Humax (HuMax)-interleukin 8 (IL-8) (BMS-986253) for lower risk (LR) myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) participants.

Primary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Phase I: Optimal Biological Dose (OBD) for Human Humax (HuMax)-Interleukin 8 (IL-8) (BMS-986253)	First 28 days (C1D28) on up to 30 days.	OBD of BMS-986253 with and without deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) methyltransferase inhibitors (DNMTi), as determined by dose limiting toxicity (DLT) occurring by cycle 1 day 28 (C1D28). DLT is defined as any of the following: any grade ≥ non-hematologic toxicity that is possibly, probably, or definitely related to study drug. Liver injury as defined by a positive Hy's Law. And adverse reaction that leads to dose reduction or withdrawal. OBD is the lowest tolerated dose level showing optimal biological activity, defined as maximal suppression of serum free IL-8 levels. The goal is to achieve IL-8 levels below the lower limit of detection of the assay in real time by Ultrasensitive immunoassay based on Quanterix Simoa technology. The lower limit of quantification = 0.86 pg/mL by Myriad-Rules Based Medicine (RBM).
Phase II: Overall Response Rate	6 months	Overall response rate (ORR= Complete Remission (CR) + Partial Remission (PR) + \[marrow CR + hematologic improvement (HI\]) of Human Humax (HuMax)-interleukin 8 (IL-8) (BMS-986253) with and without deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) methyltransferase inhibitors (DNMTi) after 6 cycles of therapy was assessed by the 2006 International Working Group response criteria for Myelodysplastic Syndromes. Complete Remission (CR) is bone marrow ≤55% myeloblasts with normal maturation of all cell lines. Persistent dysplasia will be noted. Partial Remission (PR) is all CR criteria if abnormal before treatment except bone marrow blasts decreased by ≥50% over pretreatment but still \>5%. And cellularity and morphology not relevant.
Phase I: Recommended Phase 2 Dose (RP2D) of Human Humax (HuMax)-Interleukin 8 (IL-8) (BMS-986253)	First 28 days (C1D28)	RP2D of BMS-986253 with and without deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) methyltransferase inhibitors (DNMTi), as determined by dose -limiting toxicity (DLT) occurring by cycle 1 day 28 (C1D28). RP2D is defined as the optimal biological dose expected to be safe and of potential efficacy. It serves as a starting point for further investigations in future phase 2 clinical trials. DLT is defined as any of the following: ang grade ≥ non-hematologic toxicity that is possibly, probably, or definitely related to study drug. Liver injury as defined by a positive Hy's Law. And adverse reaction that leads to dose reduction or withdrawal.
Phase I: Number of Grades 1-5 Serious and/or Non-serious Adverse Events Related to Human Humax (HuMax)-Interleukin 8 (IL-8) (BMS-986253) and Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA) Methyltransferase Inhibitors (DNMTi)	First 28 days and follow up after the end of the treatment cycle; approximately 2 months.	Safety as measured by incidence of adverse events (AEs) and serious adverse events (SAEs), and AEs leading to discontinuation, death, and laboratory abnormalities. Adverse events were assessed by the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE v5.0). A non-serious adverse event is any untoward medical occurrence. A serious adverse event is an adverse event or suspected adverse reaction that results in death, a life-threatening adverse drug experience, hospitalization, disruption of the ability to conduct normal life functions, congenital anomaly/birth defect or important medical events that jeopardize the patient or subject and may require medical or surgical intervention to prevent one of the previous outcomes mentioned. Grade 1 is mild. Grade 2 is moderate. Grade 3 is severe. Grade 4 if life-threatening. Grade 5 is death related to adverse event.
Phase II: Fraction of Participants With Clinical Response	Study treatment until occurrence of disease progression, death, or unacceptable toxicity or until response assessment on Cycle 7 day 1 (C7D1), a maximum of 6 cycles	Clinical response was assessed by the assessed by the 2006 International Working Group response criteria for Myelodysplastic Syndromes and reported with 95% confidence interval. Complete Remission (CR) is bone marrow ≤55% myeloblasts with normal maturation of all cell lines. Persistent dysplasia will be noted. Partial Remission (PR) is all CR criteria if abnormal before treatment except bone marrow blasts decreased by ≥50% over pretreatment but still \>5%. And cellularity and morphology not relevant. Stable disease is failure to achieve at least PR, but no evidence of progression for \>8 weeks. Progression is less than 5% blasts: ≥50% increase in blasts to \>5% blasts; 5%-10% blasts: ≥50% increase to 10% blasts; transfusion dependence. Relapse after CR or PR is at least 1 of the following: return to pre-treatment bone marrow blast percentage or decrement of ≥50% from maximum remission/response levels in granulocytes or platelets.

Secondary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Phase I: Area Under the Concentration Time Curve (AUC 0-24h) of Human Humax (HuMax)-Interleukin 8 (IL-8) (BMS-986253) in Myelodysplastic Syndromes (MDS) With and Without Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA) Methyltransferase Inhibitors (DNMTi)	Before infusion, within 30 minutes, start of infusion, 1, 4, 12, and 24 hours after end of infusion.	AUC is a measure of the serum concentration of drug BMS-986253 over time. It is used to characterize drug absorption.
Phase I: Concentration of Human Humax (HuMax)-Interleukin 8 (IL-8) (BMS-986253) at Steady State With and Without Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA) Methyltransferase Inhibitors (DNMTi)	Before infusion, within 30 minutes, start of infusion, 1, 4, 12, and 24 hours after end of infusion.	Concentration of BMS-986253 at steady state in plasma.
Phase II: Number of Grades 1-5 Serious and/or Non-serious Adverse Events Related to Human Humax (HuMax)-Interleukin 8 (IL-8) (BMS-986253) and Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA) Methyltransferase Inhibitors (DNMTi)	1 year	Safety as measured by incidence of adverse events (AEs) and serious adverse events (SAEs), and AEs leading to discontinuation, death, and laboratory abnormalities. Adverse events were assessed by the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE v5.0). A non-serious adverse event is any untoward medical occurrence. A serious adverse event is an adverse event or suspected adverse reaction that results in death, a life-threatening adverse drug experience, hospitalization, disruption of the ability to conduct normal life functions, congenital anomaly/birth defect or important medical events that jeopardize the patient or subject and may require medical or surgical intervention to prevent one of the previous outcomes mentioned. Grade 1 is mild. Grade 2 is moderate. Grade 3 is severe. Grade 4 if life-threatening. Grade 5 is death related to adverse event.
Phase II: Cytogenetic Response Rate	Study treatment until occurrence of disease progression, death, or unacceptable toxicity or until response assessment on Cycle 7 day 1 (C7D1), a maximum of 6 cycles	Cytogenetic Response was assessed by the 2006 International Working Group response criteria for Myelodysplastic Syndromes. Cytogenetic complete response is disappearance of the chromosomal abnormality without appearance of new ones. Cytogenetic partial response is at least 50% reduction of the chromosomal abnormality.
Phase II: Time to Best Response (Complete Remission (CR), Partial Remission (PR), Marrow CR + Hematologic Improvement (HI), HI)	Time to best response	Time to best response (Complete Remission (CR), Partial Remission (PR), marrow CR + HI, HI) using the Kaplan-Meier method. Response was assessed by the 2006 International Working Group response criteria for Myelodysplastic Syndromes. Complete Remission (CR) is bone marrow ≤55% myeloblasts with normal maturation of all cell lines. Persistent dysplasia will be noted. Partial Remission (PR) is all CR criteria if abnormal before treatment except bone marrow blasts decreased by ≥50% over pretreatment but still \>5%. And cellularity and morphology not relevant. Hematologic improvement (HI) is defined as: Erythroid response - at least 2 consecutive hemoglobin (hgb) measurements \>1.5 g/dL for a period of minimum 8 weeks in an observation period of 16-24 weeks compared with the lowest mean of 2 hgb measurements within 16 weeks before treatment onset. Platelet response - absolute increase of 30x10\^9/L for participants starting with \>20x10\^9/L platelets.
Phase II: Disease Free Survival (DFS)	Until study closure	DFS is defined as time to relapse for participants who achieve complete remission (CR) using the Kaplan-Meier method. Complete Remission (CR) is bone marrow ≤55% myeloblasts with normal maturation of all cell lines. Persistent dysplasia will be noted.
Phase II: Progression Free Survival (PFS)	Until study closure	PFS is defined as disease progression or death from Myelodysplastic Syndromes (MDS). Progression was assessed by the 2006 International Working Group response criteria for Myelodysplastic Syndromes using the Kaplan-Meier method and is defined as less than 5% blasts: ≥50% increase in blasts to \>5% blasts; 5%-10% blasts: ≥50% increase to 10% blasts; 10%-20% blasts: ≥50% increase to \>20% blasts; 20%-30% blasts: ≥50% increase to \>30% blasts and any of the following: At least 50% decrement from maximum remission/response in granulocytes or platelets, reduction in Hgb by ≥2 g/dL, and transfusion dependence.
Phase II: Leukemia Free Survival (LFS)	Until study closure	LFS is defined as progression to acute myeloid leukemia (AML) or death from any cause using the Kaplan-Meier method. Progression was assessed by the 2006 International Working Group response criteria for Myelodysplastic Syndromes using the Kaplan-Meier method and is defined as less than 5% blasts: ≥50% increase in blasts to \>5% blasts; 5%-10% blasts: ≥50% increase to 10% blasts; 10%-20% blasts: ≥50% increase to \>20% blasts; 20%-30% blasts: ≥50% increase to \>30% blasts and any of the following: At least 50% decrement from maximum remission/response in granulocytes or platelets, reduction in Hgb by ≥2 g/dL, and transfusion dependence.
Phase II: Overall Survival (OS)	Until study closure	OS is defined as death from any cause using the Kaplan-Meier method.
Phase I: Half-life of Human Humax (HuMax)-Interleukin 8 (IL-8) (BMS-986253) With and Without Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA) Methyltransferase Inhibitors (DNMTi)	Before infusion, within 30 minutes, start of infusion, 1, 4, 12, and 24 hours after end of infusion.	Plasma decay half-life is the time measured for the plasma concentration of the drug to decrease by one half.