A clinical trial study on intervention based on the theory of planned behavior on improving self-care behavior of patients with hypertension in two intervention and control groups with blood pressure control.

Investigating the effect of intervention based on preplanned behavior theory on enhancing self-care behavior of patients with hypertension (high blood pressure) visiting rural health-care systems of Rasht in 2014
1- Fardin Mehrabian, 2- Rabiollah Farmanbar, 3- Marjan Mahdavi Roshan, 4- Saeid Omidi, 5- Roqayeh Aghebati
Abstract
High blood pressure (BP) is one of the most important threats to the human health, especially in developing countries. According to reports of the World Health Organization (WHO) high BP is the cause of one of each eight cases of mortality and is considered to be the third fatal factor in the world. Therefore, controlling high BP through self-care behaviors is of considerable importance in minimizing the risk of consequences caused by hypertension. Thus, the present paper aims to investigate the effect of intervention based on preplanned behavior theory on enhancing self-care behavior of patients with hypertension.
Method
This intervention study is performed on patients visiting health-care centers number 13 and 14 in Rasht in two intervention and control groups. Individuals are selected through quota sampling from three health-care centers and random sampling from each. Research tool is a questionnaire containing 40 questions validity of which was determined through Panel Data and its internal reliability was obtained to be a = 0.71. Obtained data was analyzed using SPSS software and descriptive and inferential in two steps before and 2.5 months after educational interventions.
Results
Women and men composed 76% and 24% of the total population, respectively, with average age of 56.08 years and standard deviation of 6.11. Multivariable regression analysis revealed that controlling the perceived behavior and attitude predict behavioral intention in controlling BP among visited patients (p < 0.003, R2 = 0.21), so that an increase in control of perceived behavior and then the attitude, enhance behavioral intention in self-care behavior. Hence, considering predictive constructs and educational interventions, results indicate a significant increase in constructs of preplanned behavior theory (respecting p < 0.001) and a considerable enhancement in self-care behavior in the field of physical activity and controlled feeding.
Conclusion
Based on research findings and studying patients' present status, it is necessary to have more training on enhancing behaviors concerning blood pressure control in this group of patients in order to observe control and reduction of high blood pressure through performing required interventions based on models of health training and enhancement.
Keywords: Hypertension; preplanned behavior theory; educational intervention.
1- Associate professor at department of health training and enhancement, faculty of health, Guilan Medical University, Rasht, Iran.
2- Associate professor at department of health training and enhancement, faculty of health, Guilan Medical University, Rasht, Iran.
3- Assistant professor in nutrition science .Guilan interventional cardiovascular research center , heshmat hospital ,Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran.
4- Instructor at department of health training and enhancement, faculty of health, Guilan Medical University, Rasht, Iran.
5- Graduate of Master's Degree in health Education and health promotion, faculty of health, Guilan Medical University, Rasht, Iran.09116163403