Evaluation of Advanced Glycation End Products of Proteins as a Long-term Retrospective Markers of Glycemic Control in a Population of Non-complicated Type 1 Diabetic Children.

Primary objective : Determine whether AGEs could serve as long-term retrospective indicators of glycemic control of type 1 diabetic patients and determine how to use these markers in a clinical practice for therapeutic purpose and patient monitoring.

For this purpose, it is necessary to determine baseline and pathophysiological ranges of concentrations for serum AGEs and to find a link between AGEs and glycemic control Secondary objectives: (1) Evaluation of the early predictive potential of AGEs for the onset of diabetes complications. (2) Measurement of fructosamine-3-kinase erythrocyte activity and evaluation of its effect on glycemic control in diabetic patients and on the accumulation of AGEs. (3) Ancillary study: development of new methods of evaluation of glycation of serum proteins based on the use of innovative technologies such as vibrational spectroscopy (Raman and infrared).

Protocol design: Cross-sectional and single-center study using a cohort of diabetic children who will be followed over a period of 5 years. Population / patients: 118 children with type 1 diabetes children without clinical complications and 33 non-diabetic children. The group of patients will be stratified on the duration of diabetes: enrolled at the time of the discovery of diabetes or during follow-up of a previously known diabetes. Control subjects will be recruited among siblings of diabetic patients followed at the University Hospital of Reims and among non-diabetic patients treated at the Hospital of Reims for a disease that does not interfere with the protocol, with a matching on age ± 2 years.

Plan of investigation: First phase: after collecting information and informed consent of the child and the holders of parental authority, inclusion of patients achieving blood samples for all children (control and diabetic). For diabetic patients, this blood collection is included in their follow-up. Thus, no additional sample is necessary for the protocol. Second phase: monitoring of diabetic children with blood and urine samples and measurement of skin fluorescence at 5 years after inclusion. No follow-up is planned for control subjects.

Conduct of the study: Inclusion of patients and blood collection. Determination of AGEs (pentosidine, carboxymethyllysine and MG-H1) by high performance liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry by the Laboratory of Biology and Pediatric Research.