SANTE - Stimulation of the Anterior Nucleus of the Thalamus for Epilepsy
- Conditions
- Epilepsy
- Interventions
- Device: Medtronic DBS Therapy for epilepsy
- Registration Number
- NCT00101933
- Lead Sponsor
- MedtronicNeuro
- Brief Summary
The purpose of this research is to study the safety and effectiveness of bilateral stimulation of the anterior nucleus of the thalamus as adjunctive therapy for reducing the frequency of seizures in adults diagnosed with epilepsy characterized by partial-onset seizures, with or without secondary generalization, that are refractory to antiepileptic medications.
- Detailed Description
Medtronic, Inc. is sponsoring an investigational study of the Medtronic DBS Therapy for epilepsy, the company's deep brain stimulation (DBS) therapy for patients with refractory epilepsy. Epilepsy is a condition that affects 2.3 million Americans, and about one-third of these patients are refractory, or continue to experience seizures despite a wide range of treatment options.
The prospective, randomized, double-blind trial uses existing technology to test whether bilateral stimulation of the anterior nucleus of the thalamus can safely and effectively reduce seizure frequency in patients with epilepsy. It includes enrollment of 157 patients at 17 sites in the U.S. 110 patients were implanted and monitored for 13 months following implant, with long-term follow-up until the device is approved or the study is stopped. 109 of the 110 implanted subjects were randomized to Active stimulation or Control.
Patients in the active group, who received neurostimulation, were monitored for a reduction in seizure rates compared to the control group, who did not receive neurostimulation during the three-month double-blind phase. After the double-blind phase, all patients received neurostimulation.
Candidates for the trial were adults with partial-onset epilepsy for whom at least three antiepileptic drugs have proven ineffective. They were to have had an average of six or more seizures per month. Candidates continued to receive their epilepsy medications while participating in the trial.
Deep brain stimulation therapy has already received approval in the United States, Europe, Canada, and Australia for the treatment of Essential Tremor and Parkinson's disease. Deep brain stimulation is not approved in the United States for the treatment of epilepsy.
Recruitment & Eligibility
- Status
- COMPLETED
- Sex
- All
- Target Recruitment
- 157
Not provided
- Multilobar (>3 different lobes) anatomic areas of seizure onset
- Symptomatic generalized epilepsy
- Previous diagnosis of psychogenic/non-epileptic seizures
- Presence of implanted electrical stimulation medical device anywhere in the body (e.g., cardiac pacemakers, spinal cord stimulator) or any metallic implants in the head (e.g., aneurysm clip, cochlear implant). Vagal nerve stimulators are allowed if the device has been turned off for at least 30 days prior to the Baseline Week -12 visit and the patient agrees to have the generator explanted prior to or at the time of the Kinetra Neurostimulator implant.
Study & Design
- Study Type
- INTERVENTIONAL
- Study Design
- PARALLEL
- Arm && Interventions
Group Intervention Description 2 Medtronic DBS Therapy for epilepsy No Stimulation 1 Medtronic DBS Therapy for epilepsy Active Stimulation
- Primary Outcome Measures
Name Time Method Primary Analysis: Change in Seizure Rate Through the end of the three-month blinded phase A protocol-prespecified generalized estimating equations (GEE) analysis was used to evaluate the treatment effect on seizure frequency. The final GEE model for the primary objective evaluation included treatment effect, log of the baseline seizure count, log of age, visit (categorical), treatment-by-visit interaction (categorical), and the offset (the number of days the diary was recorded in each month).
Alternative Primary Analysis: Change in Seizure Rate Through the end of the three-month blinded phase A generalized estimating equations (GEE) analysis was used to evaluate the treatment effect on seizure frequency. With one outlier subject removed, the GEE model for this alternative analysis included treatment effect, log of the baseline seizure count, log of age, visit (categorical), and the offset (the number of days the diary was recorded in each month).
- Secondary Outcome Measures
Name Time Method Adverse Events Experienced With the Medtronic DBS System Through Year 2 of the long-term follow-up phase The results are for the follow-up after device implantation through Year 2 and summarized are events that occurred in greater than 5% of subjects. Only events related to the device, therapy, or surgery are included. These abbreviations were used:
* General dis...=General disorders and administration site conditions
* Injury, poison...=Injury, poisoning and procedural complications
* Ther.=Therapeutic.
For this summary, adverse events are reported as 'MedDRA System Organ Class - adverse event'.Incidence of Sudden Unexplained Death in Epilepsy (SUDEP) Inclusive of all study follow-up after device implantation (mean follow-up 3.7 years) The number presented is for Definite and Probable SUDEP. The rate is calculated per 1000 subject years of follow-up. The confidence interval is the 95% Poisson confidence interval. Per protocol, only definite and probable SUDEP classifications were included in the calculation.
The results shown are for the entire study follow-up after device implantation.Seizure Responder Rate Through the end of the three-month blinded phase A responder is defined as a subject with greater than or equal to 50% reduction in seizures as compared with baseline.
Change in Percentage of Days Seizure-free Through the end of the three-month blinded phase Difference between active group and control group in percentage change in seizure-free days over the entire blinded phase as compared to the entire baseline phase. The number of seizure-free days was normalized to 84-day baseline and blinded phases for each subject.
Percentage Change in the Maximum Length of Seizure-free Intervals Through the end of the three-month blinded phase Difference between active group and control group in percentage change in the maximum length of seizure-free intervals over the entire blinded phase as compared to the entire baseline phase.
Proportion of Treatment Failures Through the end of the three-month blinded phase A treatment failure was defined in the protocol as a subject who 1) required 3 or more doses of rescue medication within 48 hours, 3 times during the blinded phase; or 2) had 3 episodes of convulsive status epilepticus during the blinded phase.