RAPID EC - Rct Assessing Pregnancy With Intrauterine Devices for EC

Phase 4

Completed

• Conditions: Contraception
• Interventions: Drug: Levonorgestrel IUD; Drug: Copper IUD

• Registration Number: NCT02175030
• Lead Sponsor: University of Utah

Brief Summary

This study is a randomized trial of two IUDs for emergency contraception: the copper IUD, the most effective method of emergency contraception vs. the levonorgestrel IUD, the most preferred IUD which has never been tested as an emergency contraceptive. This research has the potential to increase use of highly effective contraception in a high-risk population and lower the persistently elevated rate of U.S. unintended pregnancy.

Detailed Description

Unintended pregnancy has multiple adverse effects on both maternal and child health. The United States continues to have one of the highest rates of unintended pregnancy among developed countries. To combat this problem, we are studying initiation of the highly effective intrauterine device (IUD) for women presenting for emergency contraception (EC). This is an ideal population to initiate highly effective reversible contraception (HERC) as they are at high risk of unintended pregnancy and are acting to reduce that risk. We have recently demonstrated significantly lower pregnancy rates 12 months after presenting for EC among women who selected the copper IUD versus those who selected oral Levonorgestrel (LNG).

Not only is the copper IUD the most effective method of EC, it is considered a top tier anticipatory contraception method and its ability to prevent pregnancy is on par with tubal sterilization (less than 1% in the first year with lower failure rates in subsequent years). However, women selecting intrauterine contraception have shown a strong preference for the LNG IUD. The LNG IUD, is as effective at preventing pregnancy as the Copper IUD, and has some non-contraceptive effects that many women see as benefits such as the reduction or elimination of menstrual bleeding and menstrual related discomfort. Of currently available reversible contraceptives, the LNG IUD has the highest levels of user satisfaction and continuation. However, its effectiveness as an emergency contraceptive remains unknown. A randomized control trial is necessary to assess the safety and efficacy of the LNG IUD as EC. Demonstrating the efficacy, safety, and acceptability of the LNG IUD for EC will improve options for women seeking EC and who desire a highly effective method of contraception.

Basic Information
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Recruitment & Eligibility
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Study & Design
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Trial Locations

Study Timeline

• Study First Submitted: 2014-06-23
• Study First Submitted QC: 2014-06-24
• Study First Posted: 2014-06-26
• Study Start: 2016-08
• Primary Completion: 2020-02
• Study Completion: 2020-12
• Results First Submitted: 2022-03-31
• Status Verified: 2022-06
• Results First Submitted QC: 2022-06-27
• Last Update Submitted: 2022-06-27
• Results First Posted: 2022-06-29
• Last Update Posted: 2022-06-29

Recruitment & Eligibility

• Status: COMPLETED
• Sex: Female
• Target Recruitment: 711

Inclusion Criteria

• Females between 18-35 years old
• In need of EC (had unprotected intercourse within 120 hours - 5 days)
• Desire to prevent pregnancy for 1 year
• Fluent in English and/or Spanish
• Have a regular menstrual cycle (21-35 days)
• Know their last menstrual period (+/-3 days)
• Be willing to comply with the study requirements
• Desire to initiate an IUD
• Negative urine pregnancy test

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Exclusion Criteria

• Current pregnancy
• Breastfeeding
• Intrauterine infection within the past three months
• Sterilization
• Already have an IUD or contraception implant (Nexplanon) in place
• Vaginal bleeding of unknown etiology
• Known Gonorrhea or Chlamydia infection in the last 30 days (unless successfully treated at least 7 days prior to study entry)
• Known abnormalities of the uterus that distort the uterine cavity
• Allergy to copper
• Use of oral Emergency Contraception in the preceeding 5 days

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Study & Design

• Study Type: INTERVENTIONAL
• Study Design: PARALLEL

Arm && Interventions

Group	Intervention	Description
LNG20 IUD	Levonorgestrel IUD	Randomized to LNG20 IUD for EC (emergency contraception)
Copper T380 IUD	Copper IUD	Randomized to copper T380 IUD for EC (emergency contraception)

Primary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Percentage of Participants Reporting a Pregnancy	1 month after enrollment	Urine pregnancy tests within 30 days after IUD insertion will be performed either at home or in clinic. We will use the total number of pregnancies per ARM and the overall number of participants analyzed per ARM to calculate, for each ARM, the percentage of participants reporting a pregnancy in the first month of use of the IUD.

Secondary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Number of Participants With Unintended Pregnancy After Initiating the Levonorgestrel IUD Versus the Copper T380 IUD for EC at One Year.	1 year after enrollment	Participants will be followed for pregnancies at regular intervals throughout the year and pregnancies will be recorded.

Trial Locations

Locations (1)

Planned Parenthood Association of Utah; 🇺🇸 West Valley City, Utah, United States