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Multimodal Prehabilitation in Cancer Surgery

Not Applicable
Recruiting
Conditions
Cancer Surgery
Registration Number
NCT06788834
Lead Sponsor
Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele
Brief Summary

The PROPOSE RCT is a two-arm randomized controlled trial that will be conducted to test the efficacy of a personalized, multidisciplinary pre-operative prehabilitation program (preventive prehabilitation) to reduce serious complications and facilitate recovery after surgery in high-risk patients.

The multimodal prehabilitation program is a preoperative intervention that includes exercise training, nutritional therapy and anxiety reduction techniques, with the aim of preventing or mitigating the functional decline brought about by surgery. 400 patients scheduled for elective major abdominal (including urological), thoracic (including breast) or gynecological cancer surgery will be enrolled. They will be randomized (1:1 ratio) and assigned either to the intervention group (Prehabilitation) or to the control group, which will only be treated according to the usual standard of care within the Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) pathways.

Detailed Description

The standard treatment for most solid cancer includes surgery and concurrent medical therapies, both of which have been shown to significantly improve prognosis. However, cancer treatments impose impactful physiological stress and have detrimental effects on acute and long-term health outcomes.

Physical, nutritional, and mental status can influence surgical outcomes, functional recovery and quality of life throughout the course of the disease.

The importance of postoperative rehabilitation on physical performance and recovery is well-recognized. However, the preoperative period provides a unique opportunity to address comorbidities and modifiable risk factors. In addition, the metabolic stress induced by neoadjuvant therapy has been documented to frequently result in muscle atrophy and diminished functional capacity. The recognition that selected risk factors of poor postoperative outcome can be modified has prompted clinicians to identify proactive interventions to facilitate the recovery process. In this context, prehabilitation, aimed at enhancing the patients' functional capacity to enable them to withstand the physiological stress of surgery, has emerged as a promising approach. Although the term prehabilitation is not novel, the concept of optimizing patients before acute stressor or treatment has gained attention over the last decade. Nonetheless, quantifiable evidence of its effectiveness has yet to be fully demonstrated.

This study is a multicenter randomized controlled trial to assess the efficacy of personalized procedure-specific prehabilitation programs on patient-centered surgical outcomes. A total of 400 patients will be recruited by systematic screening of patients scheduled for elective surgical procedures. All patients undergoing elective major abdominal (including urological), thoracic (including breast) or gynecological cancer surgery undergoing major cancer surgery will be screened for eligibility and those who meet the inclusion/exclusion criteria will be approached for consent. Research personnel will use a web-based randomization system to assign patients (1:1 ratio) to either the prehabilitation or control arm. Study personnel will also collect data on recruitment rates, with reasons for non-enrolment.

Eligible patients will be randomly assigned to 1 of 2 treatments:

1. multimodal prehabilitation program for at least three weeks started as soon as possible before surgery;

2. standard care.

The multimodal prehabilitation program will be individualized by carefully integrating and adapting various components to meet individual needs. The program will last at least three weeks (plus maintenance in case of delayed surgery), and will incorporate exercise training, nutritional therapy, and anxiety reduction techniques. After enrollment, patients will receive initial contact from trained personnel through telemedicine. To ensure personalized care, a comprehensive assessment will be conducted to identify specific physical, nutritional, or psychological challenges. Based on this assessment, a customized intervention plan will be prescribed to achieve tailored exercise training, optimized nutrition, and effective distress-coping strategies. All patients will be reassessed the day before surgery and 30 days after surgery. Based on the data obtained during the multimodal assessment, different domains and levels of care will be prescribed, focusing on exercise training, nutrition optimization, or distress-coping techniques-or a combination of these

Recruitment & Eligibility

Status
RECRUITING
Sex
All
Target Recruitment
400
Inclusion Criteria
  • Adult patient (age > 18 years);
  • Scheduled for elective major abdominal (including urological), thoracic (including breast) or gynecological cancer surgery;
  • Signed informed consent.
Exclusion Criteria

A) Co-morbid medical, physical, and mental conditions interfering with the ability to complete study procedures, such as:

  • Acute or unstable cardio-respiratory conditions (e.g., unstable angina or symptomatic severe aortic stenosis);
  • Severe/end-stage organ diseases (e.g., cardiac failure NYHA functional classes III-IV, COPD FEV1 <50% pred, end-stage kidney or liver disease);
  • American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical status classes 4-5;
  • Disabling orthopedic and neuromuscular disease;
  • Psychosis, dementia;
  • Symptomatic anemia with a hemoglobin value < 7 gr/dl.

B) Patients with both optimal functional capacity (a Duke activity status index [DASI] score > 45) and optimal nutritional status (NRS-nutrition screening tool-score < 2).

Study & Design

Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Study Design
SINGLE_GROUP
Primary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Assess the impact of prehabilitation on severe postoperative complications among high-risk patients undergoing oncological surgery30 days after surgery

The proportion of patients experiencing severe postoperative complications within 30 days after surgery defined as grade 3a or greater according to the Clavien-Dindo classification

Secondary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Time to Functional Recovery (TFR)30 days after surgery

Faster return to basal functional preoperative capacity in treatment group

Lenght of hospital stay (LOS)30 days after surgery

Reduction of lenght of hospital stay in treatment group

Days at home up to 30 days after surgery (DAH-30)30 days after surgery

The mean number of days at home in the first 30 days after surgery will be compared between groups

Complication severity30 days after surgery

Assess complication severity as measured by the Comprehensive Complication Index (CCI)

Proportion of patients returning to preoperative functional walking capacity30 days after surgery

Improvement in the return to basal functional preoperative capacity

Self-reported activity status and generic health related quality of life30 days after surgery

Assess quality of life in the first 30 days at home after surgery using the EuroQol-5 Dimension (EQ-5D-5L) questionnaire, a validated tool for evaluating health-related quality of life. The outcome will be reported as the mean EQ-5D-5L index score and the mean EQ-VAS score measured at 30 days postoperatively.

Trial Locations

Locations (9)

Policlinico Universitario AOU Renato Dulbecco di Catanzaro

🇮🇹

Catanzaro, Italy

AOU Careggi

🇮🇹

Firenze, Italy

Ospedale Galliera di Genova

🇮🇹

Genova, Italy

ASSTN GOM Niguarda

🇮🇹

Milano, Italy

IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele

🇮🇹

Milan, Italy

IRCCS Ospedale San Gerardo dei Tintori

🇮🇹

Monza, Italy

Ospedale Vanvitelli di Napoli

🇮🇹

Napoli, Italy

AOPD Padova

🇮🇹

Padova, Italy

Azienda sanitaria universitaria Friuli Centrale (ASU FC)

🇮🇹

Udine, Italy

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