Early Detection of Lung Cancer - A Pan Canadian Study

Brief Summary

Detailed Description

OBJECTIVES: * To develop a new multi-modal screening strategy and integrated methods to detect lung cancer early in current and former smokers. * To evaluate the impact of the screening modalities on the quality of life of these participants. * To develop a decision analytic framework for determining the cost and effectiveness of a novel lung cancer screening strategy in Canada. OUTLINE: This is a multicenter study. Participants undergo spirometry at baseline. Participants also undergo spiral CT scan at baseline and then at 1 and 2 years. Participants with semi-solid or solid nodules of 5-10 mm or ground glass opacity (GGO) 8-10 mm or those with growth of an existing nodule, development of a solid component in GGO, or a new nodule undergo an additional CT scan at 3 months. Some participants also undergo autofluorescence and white light bronchoscopy and bronchial biopsies. Blood samples are collected at baseline and then annually for 2 years for biomarker studies. Participants diagnosed with lung cancer undergo additional blood sample collection for biomarker studies. Participants complete questionnaires on sociodemographic factors, smoking, occupational exposure, family history, medical data, quality of life, and anxiety at baseline and then every 6 months for up to 2 years.

Primary Outcomes

Secondary Outcomes

• Stage distribution of lung cancer cases(60 months)
• Prevalence of lung nodules and differences in geographic distribution across Canada(60 months)
• Rate of detection of other incidental significant treatable diseases(60 months)
• Type and costs of downstream investigation and treatment related to abnormalities found by the screening procedures, whether the final diagnosis is lung cancer or not(60 months)
• Potential physical and psychosocial impact on participants(60 months)