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Effects of Zero-Time Exercise (ZTEx) on Inactive Adults With Insomnia

Not Applicable
Completed
Conditions
Insomnia, Primary
Interventions
Other: Sleep hygiene education
Other: Zero Time Exercise
Registration Number
NCT03155750
Lead Sponsor
The Hong Kong Polytechnic University
Brief Summary

Objectives: To evaluate the clinical effects of Zero-Time Exercise (ZTEx) for treating insomnia disorder delivered by a training course.

Hypothesis: Subjects in the ZTEx training group will have greater improvement in insomnia symptoms and daytime impairment than those in the sleep hygiene education (SHE) group at week 8.

Design and subjects: A randomized controlled trial. 32 inactive subjects with insomnia disorder recruited from the community will be randomized to ZTEx training or SHE groups in a 1: 1 ratio.

Study instrument: Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) will be used to assess insomnia symptoms and daytime impairment.

Interventions: Subjects in the ZTEx training group will attend two training lessons (2-hour each) to learn ZTEx and practice it every night for 8 weeks; subjects in the SHE group will receive sleep hygiene education with the schedule and duration that are same to the ZTEx training group.

Main outcome measures: The primary outcome measure is the ISI score. Other measures include sleep parameters by subjective sleep diary and objective actigraphy, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, Multidimensional Fatigue Inventory-20 and Short Form-6 Dimension. Acceptability and compliance of ZTEx will be evaluated.

Data Analysis: Differences in the questionnaire scores, subjective and objective sleep parameters will be examined using a mixed-effects model.

Detailed Description

Not available

Recruitment & Eligibility

Status
COMPLETED
Sex
All
Target Recruitment
37
Inclusion Criteria
  • Adults age 18-65 years old;
  • Chinese Hong Kong residents who are able to communicate in Cantonese or Mandarin;
  • A current clinical Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-fifth edition (DSM-5) diagnosis of insomnia disorder (Primary in nature) according to the Brief Insomnia Questionnaire (BIQ), a validated diagnostic tool. The criteria include having difficulties in falling asleep, difficulties in staying asleep, or early morning awakening with clinically significant consequences for daily life for at least 3 months;
  • Insomnia Severity Index total score of at least 10 indicating insomnia at the clinical level;
  • Willing to give informed consent and comply with the trial protocol;
  • Ambulant and independent in activities of daily living;
  • Physically inactive which refers to less than 150 minutes moderate-intensity activity per week or less than 75 minutes vigorous-intensity activity per week, or an equivalent combination of moderate- and vigorous- intensity activity.
Exclusion Criteria
  • Evidence of association of insomnia with medical conditions, other sleep disorders, or side-effects of medications;
  • Use of medication or psychotherapeutic components for insomnia or other psychiatric disorders;
  • Other possible psychiatric disorders including generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), major depressive disorder (MDD), posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), psychosis as screened by structural clinical interview of DSM-IV;
  • cognitive impairment preventing informed consent or understanding of instructions (score < 22 in Montreal Cognitive Assessment Hong Kong version);
  • Shift work;
  • body mass index equal to or over 27.5, the obese criteria for Asians;
  • Unsafe conditions or incapable to exercise as recommended by their physician.

Study & Design

Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Study Design
PARALLEL
Arm && Interventions
GroupInterventionDescription
sleep hygiene educationSleep hygiene educationSubjects in this group will receive two 2-hour lessons of sleep hygiene education delivered by a registered nurse.
Zero Time Exercise trainingZero Time ExerciseSubjects in this group will attend two 2-hour ZTEx training lessons. Each subject will receive a handout and an exercise log. The handout includes a picture-illustrating ZTEx step-by-step protocol. The exercise log is for them to record their time spending on performing the ZTEx every day during the 8-week study period.
Primary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Insomnia Severity Indexweek 8

The subjects rate the severity of insomnia, the distress, and the functional impairment associated with insomnia on a 5-point

Secondary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Level of activityBaseline, week4, week 8

Self-report level of activity in moderate and vigorous intensity

Multidimensional fatigue inventory-20Baseline, week 4, week 8

Multidimensional fatigue inventory-20 is a 20-items self-report instrument designed to measure severity of fatigue.

Actigraphy (7-day)Baseline, week 8

Actigraphy measures wrist movements to assess sleep or waking state, is accomplished through an accelerometer in a wrist worn device

Short Form-6 DimensionBaseline, week 4, week 8

The Short Form-6 Dimension is composed of six multi-level dimensions to assess the quality of life which can be used in cost-utility analysis.

Hand grip strengthBaseline, week 8

Objective hand grip strength

HeightBaseline, week 8

Height in meters; (Weight and Height will be combined to report as BMI in kg/m\^2)

Sleep diary (7-day)Baseline, week 4, week 8

The standardized sleep diary records the daily bedtime and rising time, from which the total time in bed (TIB) can be calculated.

Hospital Anxiety and Depression ScaleBaseline, week 4, week 8

The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale is a 14-items self-administered questionnaire, which assesses the severity of depressive and anxiety symptoms

WeightBaseline, week 8

Weight in kilograms; (Weight and Height will be combined to report as BMI in kg/m\^2)

Trial Locations

Locations (1)

School of Nursing, the Hong Kong Polytechnic University

🇭🇰

Hong Kong, Hong Kong

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