Pharmacoepigenomics Regulation by miRNAs in Myo-inositol and Metformin Drug Response Genes in the Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome

Polycystic ovary syndrome is one of the most common polygenic, multifactorial, metabolic, and an endocrine disorder characterized by ovulatory dysfunction, clinical/biochemical hyperandrogenism, and polycystic ovaries. Around 3.7-22.5% of Indian women population are harboring this syndrome. Addressing individual symptoms of a syndrome effectively and safely is quite challenging. Here comes the role of pharmacogenomics, where the prescription of drugs based on molecular and genomic biomarkers unique to an individual is given to the right person at the right time in the right dose. Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP) on the drug pharmacokinetic or pharmacodynamic gene or the SNP on the targeting miRNA onto those mRNAs might create a new targeting site for the miRNA and bind to the 3’ UTR of the mRNA and inhibit the transcription. This creates lower expression of key genes involved in drug metabolism or target genes and the effectiveness of the drug is compromised.

The present study aims to elucidate the impact of MiRSNPs (SNP on mRNA and miRNA) in post-translational regulation on drug response genes of Metformin and Myoinositol in PCOS individuals to work towards precision medicine as these two drugs are the most commonly used drugs to treat PCOS individuals, especially in Indian population. Molecular biomarkers lead to quicker translation of new information to patient care minimizing side effects and maximizing the effectiveness of the drug.