Experimental Study on the Efficacy of Complex Decongestive Therapy (CDT) Treatment in Patients With Venous Insufficiency

The study hypothesizes that Complex Decongestive Therapy (CDT) is effective in increasing venous flow and reducing symptoms in patients with venous insufficiency. The primary objective is to demonstrate the effects of CDT in these patients. Secondary objectives include evaluating if physiotherapy treatment increases venous flow, decreases symptoms (edema, pain, heaviness, and fatigue), and improves patient quality of life, assessing adverse effects post-intervention, determining the reliability of circumferential edema measurement, and correlating venous insufficiency with various risk factors and aggravating conditions.

The design is a simple blind randomized clinical trial comparing an experimental group receiving CDT and lower limb exercise program to a control group doing standardized preventive measures. Participants include both men and women over 18 years old with clinical classification of C2-C5 venous insufficiency, excluding those with specific acute or unmanaged chronic conditions, or those currently or recently treated with CDT. The experimental group consists of 12 participants receiving CDT and exercise, while the control group includes 9 participants following the exercise program.

The study focuses on various variables to assess the effectiveness of Complex Decongestive Therapy (CDT) in patients with venous insufficiency, including venous reflux, flow and diameter of specific veins, intracellular and extracellular fluid volumes, and edema measurements at different lower limb sites. It also evaluates symptom severity and quality of life using validated questionnaires (CEAP, VCSS, CIVIQ-20).

Measurement tools include ultrasound for venous flow and diameter, bioimpedance for cellular fluids, and a tape measure for limb circumference. Assessments will be done using ultrasound and physiotherapy evaluations, along with patient-completed questionnaires.

The intervention involves pre and post-intensive 4-week CDT treatment evaluations, with a follow-up one month later. The experimental group undergoes twice-weekly CDT sessions, including manual lymph drainage, pneumatic compression, and bandaging, while the control group receives no treatment.