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Effects of Gum Disease Treatment on Host Defense Factors

Not Applicable
Completed
Conditions
Diabetes Mellitus
Periodontitis
Interventions
Procedure: Non-surgical periodontal treatment
Registration Number
NCT03146975
Lead Sponsor
Federal University of Minas Gerais
Brief Summary

Human immune system produces many different factors, which will influence health-disease statuses. This partially explains why under similar conditions only some people become sick. Therefore, specific analyses of such factors in healthy and diseased patients are crucial for a better knowledge about diseases development and successful treatments. Human beta defensins (hBD) may have a key role in patient's susceptibility to gum diseases. In the lab, high levels of sugar (glucose) could inhibit their expression and contribute to the occurrence of infections associated with diabetic wounds. This study will evaluate if treatment of the most common gum disease in adults influences production of beta defensins by gingiva. Also, clinical improvements and treatment effects on blood glycemic levels will be monitored throughout a 2-month period. Patients with or without gum diseases and with or without diabetes mellitus will be able to participate. After a complete oral examination to determine periodontal status, gingival fluid samples will be collected using paper strips. These samples will be collected before and also two-months after oral treatment and will be analyzed by an immune-enzymatic test named ELISA (Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay). In weekly sections, one trained specialist will performed treatment of gum diseases under local anesthesia using hand-instruments. Researchers hypothesized that a) levels of defensins would be lower in the presence of periodontal disease when compared to a healthy periodontal condition; b) diabetes would influence production of these immune protective factors; and c) treatment would provide a greater beneficial amount of defensins.

Detailed Description

Not available

Recruitment & Eligibility

Status
COMPLETED
Sex
All
Target Recruitment
120
Inclusion Criteria
  • Periodontally healthy individuals: at least 15 natural teeth, periodontal pocket depth (PPD) ≤ 3mm e absence of bleeding on probing.
  • Periodontitis individuals: at least 15 natural teeth and at least 4 teeth with one or more periodontal sites showing combined PPD ≥ 4mm and clinical attachment level (CAL) ≥ 3mm.
  • Compensated diabetic individuals: compensated type 2 diabetes mellitus
  • Decompensated diabetic individuals: decompensated type 2 diabetes mellitus (glycated hemoglobin HbA1c >7%)
Exclusion Criteria
  • Past or actual systemic diseases other than diabetes type 2 in the diabetic groups
  • Gingivitis
  • Gingival overgrowth
  • Necrotizing periodontal diseases
  • Pregnant or lactating
  • smokers or former-smokers
  • medication that can influence periodontal status or host response to periodontal therapy
  • periodontal therapy in the past 6 months from baseline
  • use of systemic or local antibiotics or anti-inflammatory drugs within 3 months prior baseline

Study & Design

Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Study Design
PARALLEL
Arm && Interventions
GroupInterventionDescription
Periodontitis without diabetesNon-surgical periodontal treatment-
Periodontitis compensated diabetesNon-surgical periodontal treatment-
Periodontitis decompensated diabetesNon-surgical periodontal treatment-
Primary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Changes in beta defensins 1, 2 and 3Baseline and 60 days

Increase in the expression of beta defensins 1, 2 and 3 in gingival crevicular fluid samples

Secondary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Changes in blood glycemic levelsBaseline and 60 days

Reduction in blood glucose levels and levels of glycated hemoglobin

Changes in percentage of diseased sitesBaseline and 60 days

Reduction in the percentage of sites showing PPD\>4mm and/or bleeding on probing

Changes in periodontal pocket depthBaseline and 60 days

Reduction in mean periodontal pocket depth

Trial Locations

Locations (1)

Federal university of minas gerais

🇧🇷

Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil

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