Effects of a Commercially-Available Structured Weight Loss Program Provided in Three Different Formats on Anthropometric Measures in Healthy Overweight and Obese Adults
Overview
- Phase
- Not Applicable
- Intervention
- Not specified
- Conditions
- Overweight and Obesity
- Sponsor
- Nutrisystem, Inc.
- Enrollment
- 181
- Primary Endpoint
- Body Weight
- Status
- Completed
- Last Updated
- 9 years ago
Overview
Brief Summary
The objective of this study was to determine changes in body weight and related outcomes achievable over a 16-week period in response to three different commercially available weight loss programs (Nutrisystem) providing pre-packed, portion controlled foods and beverages, each compared to a self-directed diet, in apparently healthy overweight and obese men and women.
Detailed Description
A randomized, controlled, four-arm parallel study design included two screening/baseline visits (visits 1 and 2; weeks -1 and 0) and six clinic visits (visits 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, and 9; weeks 1, 2, 3, 4, 8, 12, and 16). One hundred and eighty healthy overweight and obese men and women (18-70 years of age; Body Mass Index 25.00 to 44.99 kg/m2) were randomly assigned (stratified randomization by two BMI and three age categories) to one of four treatment arms: a self-directed diet, or one of three different Nutrisystem programs: 1) My Way; 2) Turbo 10; or 3) a program modeled after the Dietary Approaches to Stopping Hypertension (DASH) diet. Daily energy intake targets for each 16-week intervention were 1500 kcal/day (men) or 1200 kcal/day (women), except for the first week of the Turbo 10 intervention, which included a more aggressive 1000 kcal/day diet to start. Body weight, body circumference (chest, waist, hip, upper arm, thigh and sum of the 5), and blood pressure measurements were obtained at baseline (week 0) and at weeks 1, 2, 3, 4, 8, 12, and 16 in the morning following an overnight fast (9 to 14 hours). Total and regional fat mass and fat-free mass (lean soft tissue and bone) were quantified by dual energy x-ray absorptiometry at baseline (week 0) and at weeks 4, 8, and 16. Analyses of serum lipoprotein lipids were obtained at baseline (week 0), week 8, and week 16. Lipoprotein lipid assessments included Total Cholesterol (TC), LDL-Cholesterol, HDL-Cholesterol, non-HDL-Cholesterol (calculated as TC minus HDL-C), Triglycerides, and the Total Cholesterol/HDL-Cholesterol ratio. Plasma chemistry and whole-blood hematology analyses were conducted at screening (week -1). Questionnaires designed to assess aspects of quality of life and sleep quality were administered at baseline (week 0) and weeks 4, 8, and 16. Quality of Life assessments included the Impact of Weight on Quality of Life-Lite (IQWOL-Lite), 36-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36), and Leeds Sleep Evaluation Questionnaire (LSEQ).
Investigators
Eligibility Criteria
Inclusion Criteria
- •Subject is male or female, 18-70 years of age, inclusive.
- •Subject has a body mass index (BMI) of 25.00 to 44.99 kg/m2, inclusive, at visits 1 and 2 (weeks -1 and 0).
- •Subject has no plans to change smoking habits during the study period.
- •Subject is willing to follow study program instructions, including avoidance of all non-study-related food and beverages.
- •Subject is willing and able to comply with the visit schedule \[i.e., no visit window will be allowed between visits 2 and 3 (week 0 and 1) and visits 3 and 4 (weeks 1 and 2)\].
- •Subject agrees to follow the physical activity recommendations as outlined in each plan.
- •If a premenopausal female, subject has a history of regular menstrual cycles that range in length from 21 to 35 d, where applicable.
- •Judged to be in good health on the basis of medical history and screening laboratory assessments.
- •Subject understands the study procedures and signs forms providing informed consent to participate in the study and authorization for release of relevant protected health information to the study Investigators.
Exclusion Criteria
- •Subject has an abnormal laboratory test result of clinical significance at visit 1 (week -1), at the discretion of the Investigator. One re-test will be allowed on a separate day prior to visit 2 (week 0) for subjects with abnormal laboratory test results.
- •Subject has had a weight loss or gain ≥10 lb (4.5 kg) in the 6 months prior to visit 1 (week -1).
- •Subject has used weight loss medications within 6 months of visit 1 (week -1) or weight loss supplements or programs, other than those provided, intended to alter body weight within 4 weeks of visit 1 (week -1) or during the course of the study (Appendix 1).
- •Subject has extreme dietary habits (e.g., Atkins diet, very high protein, vegetarian), in the opinion of the Investigator.
- •Subject has a known allergy, sensitivity, or intolerance to the study foods or any ingredients of the study menu provided.
- •Subject has diagnosed diabetes mellitus (type 1 or type 2) or fasting glucose ≥126 mg/dL at the screening visit (visit 1, week -1).
- •Subject has used thyroid hormones, except stable-dose replacement therapy for ≥2 months prior to visit 1 (week -1; Appendix 1).
- •Subject has used dietary supplements that, in the judgment of the Investigator, are likely to markedly affect appetite. The washout period will be 2 weeks prior to visit 1 (week -1; Appendix 1).
- •Subject has used medications or supplements that may influence carbohydrate metabolism, including but not limited to hypoglycemic medications and systemic (intravenous, intramuscular, or oral) or ≥1500 µg/d topical (inhaled, intranasal, or dermal) corticosteroids within 4 weeks of visit 1 (week -1) and throughout the study (Appendix 1).
- •Subject has a history or presence of clinically important cardiac, renal, hepatic, endocrine, pulmonary, biliary, pancreatic, or neurologic disorders.
Outcomes
Primary Outcomes
Body Weight
Time Frame: Up to 16 weeks
Change in body weight from baseline (week 0) to each post-randomization visit (week 1, 2, 3, 4, 8, 12, and 16).
Secondary Outcomes
- Chest circumference(Up to 16 weeks)
- Upper arm circumference(Up to 16 weeks)
- Thigh circumference(Up to 16 weeks)
- Waist Circumference(Up to 16 weeks)
- Hip Circumference(Up to 16 weeks)
- Body Weight (>=5%)(Up to 16 weeks)
- Blood Pressure(Up to 16 weeks)
- Body Composition (Change in Gynoid total fat mass)(Up to 16 weeks)
- Body Composition (Change in regional (trunk, non-trunk, arms and legs) total fat mass)(Up to 16 weeks)
- Health Quality of Life(Up to 16 weeks)
- Sleep Quality (questionnaire score)(Up to 16 weeks)
- Body Composition (Change in total fat mass)(Up to 16 weeks)
- Body Composition (Change in Android total fat mass)(Up to 16 weeks)
- Quality of Life(Up to 16 weeks)
- Body Composition (Change in total fat free mass)(Up to 16 weeks)
- Body Composition (Change in Abdominal Visceral total body fat)(Up to 16 weeks)
- Body Composition (Change in regional (trunk, non-trunk, arms and legs) total fat free mass)(Up to 16 weeks)