The Effect of Ultrasound-guided Pericapsular Nerve Block, Fascia Iliaca Compartment Block and Femoral Block on Postoperative Recovery Quality in Hip Surgery

Orthopedic procedures have become increasingly common in clinical practice. With the increasing elderly population, there have been significant developments in recent years in the field of perioperative pain management and anesthesia strategies for patients scheduled for hip surgery. Patients undergoing hip surgery may experience severe pain both postoperatively and during the positioning of the patient during surgery. This leads to increased sympathetic activation such as tachycardia and hypertension in patients, especially in the elderly population, and some undesirable complications due to the patients' existing comorbidities. Therefore, pain management strategies for patients undergoing hip surgery are based on a range of anesthesia techniques, including the use of opioids, neuraxial anesthesia (spinal, epidural, or a combination of them), nerve blocks, especially pericapsular nerve block (PENG), fascia iliaca compartment block (FICB) and femoral block). Reducing patients' pain and improving the quality of postoperative recovery has become increasingly important. The Quality of Recovery-15 (QoR-15) is a 15-question questionnaire validated to assess postoperative recovery. This questionnaire assesses patients' pain, physical comfort, physical independence, psychological support, and emotional status in the early postoperative period. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of ultrasound-guided PENG block, FICB block, and femoral block on the quality of recovery as part of multimodal analgesia before hip surgery under spinal anesthesia.