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Family-mismatched/Haploidentical Donors Versus Matched Unrelated Donors

Phase 2
Completed
Conditions
Acute Myeloid Leukemia
Interventions
Drug: Transplants from 8/8-matched Unrelated donors
Drug: Transplants from family-mismatched/haploidentical donors
Registration Number
NCT01751997
Lead Sponsor
Byung-Sik Cho
Brief Summary

This study will compare the clinical outcomes of transplants from family-mismatched/haploidentical donors (FMT) with transplants from 8/8-matched unrelated donor (MUT), which is a current gold standard donors when lacking of HLA-matched-siblings

1. Primary objectives: Overall survival of FMT may be similar to that of MUT

2. Secondary objectives:

i. Comparison of disease-free survival, relapse, non-relapse mortality, immune reconstitution cytomegalovirus infection, and acute or chronic graft-versus-host disease between FMT and MUT.

ii. Investigation of possible biomarkers related with above events after transplantation

Detailed Description

For patients lacking an HLA-identical sibling, 8/8-matched unrelated donors are currently the "gold standard" for a donor, since outcomes after HLA-identical sibling have been compared to 8/8-matched unrelated donors. Currently, there are three alternative graft sources, including mismatched unrelated donors, familial mismatch/haploidentical donors, and umbilical cord bloods. Compared with other sources, transplants from familial mismatch/haploidentical donors (FMT) have the benefit of an immediate availability of a donor, particularly for those patients who urgently need transplantation. Initial reports had characterized FMT to a poor engraftment and a high incidence of graft-versus-host disease. However, outcomes of FMT have significantly improved over the past decade in the optimization of conditioning regimen and graft selection to allow a stable engraftment across major HLA barriers, with promising leukemia-free survival in adults with acute leukemia. Despite the encouraging results and potential benefit of FMT, there have been few studies comparing clinical outcomes of FMT with other donor types, particularly in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) as a single disease. Since August 2008, we have been continuously performing FMT using unmanipulated donor cells and a less aggressive conditioning regimen in high-risk AML lacking an HLA-identical sibling, 8/8 or 7/8-matched unrelated donors. We reported the feasibility of FMT using our novel reduced-intensity regimen without ex vivo T-cell depletion, showing early results similar to outcomes of transplant from 8/8-matched unrelated donors (MUT). This study will test the hypothesis that overall survival at 3 years after FMT is similar to overall survival after MUT.

Recruitment & Eligibility

Status
COMPLETED
Sex
All
Target Recruitment
116
Inclusion Criteria

Not provided

Exclusion Criteria

Not provided

Study & Design

Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Study Design
PARALLEL
Arm && Interventions
GroupInterventionDescription
Transplants from 8/8-matched unrelatedTransplants from 8/8-matched Unrelated donorsParticipants will receive transplants from 8/8-matched unrelated donors using myeloablative or reduced-intensity conditioning according to age or comorbidity.
Transplants from family-mismatched/haploidentical donorsTransplants from family-mismatched/haploidentical donorsParticipants will receive FMT using a reduced intensity conditioning regimens.
Primary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Overall survivalannually through 3 years

Overall survival is defined as the time interval between date of enrollment and death from any cause or for surviving patients, to last follow-up

Secondary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Neutrophil recovery56 days

defined as achieving an absolute neutrophil count greater than or equal to 500/mm\^3 for three consecutive measurements on three difference days. The first of the 3 days will be designated the day of neutrophil recovery.

Donor cell engraftment56 days

Donor cell engraftment is defined as donor chimerism greater than or equal 5% on Day 56 after transplantation. Chimerism may be evaluated in whole blood or blood cell fractions, including cluster of differentiation (CD) 3 and CD33 or CD15 fractions. The actual measurement dates may be within +/- 7 days of the above recommended time points.

Acute graft-versus-host disease (aGVHD)every 3 months through 3 years

The cumulative incidence of aGVHD (grade II-IV and III-IV) will be determined. The time to onset of aGVHD will be recorded, as well as the maximum grade achieved.

Chronic graft-versus-host disease (cGVHD)every 3 months through 3 years

The cumulative incidence of cGVHD will be determined. Data will be collected directly from providers and chart review according to the recommendations of the NIH Consensus Conference. The NIH global severity scores of mild, moderate, and severe cGVHD will be assessed.

T cells reconstitutionbefore and 2 weeks and 1 month after transplantation, then every 3 months through 1 year

T cell subsets

Secondary Graft failure100 days

defined as the development of an absolute neutrophil count less than 500/mm\^3 after achievement of initial engraftment in the absence of recurrent disease.

NK cells reconstitutionbefore and 2 weeks and 1 month after transplantation, then every 3 months through 1 year

NK cell subsets

B cells reconstitutionbefore and 2 weeks and 1 month after transplantation, then every 3 months through 1 year

B cells

Primary Graft failure56 days

defined as failure to achieve a neutrophil count greater than 500/mm\^3 for 3 consecutive days at any time after transplantation.

Platelet recovery100 days and 180 days

defined as the first day of a sustained platelet count greater than 20,000/mm\^3 without platelet transfusions in preceding 7 days. The first day of the sustained platelet count will be designated the day of platelet engraftment.

Non-relapse mortalityannually through year 3

The cumulative incidence of non-relapse mortality will be estimated at Days 100, 180, and at 1 and 2 years after transplantation. An event for this endpoint is death without evidence of disease progression or recurrence

WT1 MRD assessmentbefore and 1 month after transplantation, then every 3 months through 3 years

WT1 MRD assessment

BAALC MRD assessmentbefore and 1 month after transplantation, then every 3 months through 3 years

BAALC MRD assessment

Disease free survivalannually through year 3

defined as the time interval from date of enrollment and time to relapse/progression, to death or to last follow-up

Infectionannually through year 3

All grade 2 and 3 infections will be reported. Grade 1 cytomegalovirus infections through Day 56 will also be reported.

NGS-based MRD assessmentbefore and 1 month after transplantation, then every 3 months through 3 year

NGS-based MRD assessment

Trial Locations

Locations (1)

Catholic Blood and Marrow Transplantation Center, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital

🇰🇷

Seoul, Korea, Republic of

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