A clinical study to evaluate the response of the Homoeopathic treatment in Chronic Venous diseases(CVD) in the lower limbs

The presence of spider veins, varicose veins, oedema, skin hyperpigmentation, and venous ulcers in the affected areas characterizes the Chronic Venous Disease of lower limbs. Progressive venous insufficiency in a great saphenous vein (GSV) or small saphenous vein (SSV) is an underlying feature of these diseases.The condition of varicose veins has been defined as permanently dilated subcutaneous veins equal to or more than 3 mm in diameter in the upright position. Patients with varicose veins of the lower limbs typically present with abnormal sensation (itching, aching, tingling), leg pain, fatigue and heaviness, swelling, and restless leg syndrome with prolonged standing. These symptoms are associated with clinical signs, such as dilated tortuous veins (veins are twisted, swollen, and visible under the skin) and edema. Complications are leg ulcers, thrombophlebitis, and other pathological skin changes (e.g., Dermatitis)

The present study has been designed to ascertain the response to Homeopathy treatment CVD and its complications using standard parameters for assessment. The clinical hypothesis is that individualized Homoeopathic treatments can significantly decrease CVD and its complaints like cramps, itching, tortuosity of veins, and skin complaints    (eczema, ulcer) , when measured on standardized scales (measured with the CEAP classification, Revised Venous Clinical Severity Score (VCSS), and improve quality of life by  CIVIQ-14 self-assessment questionnaire