Effects of Resistance Training on Substrate Metabolism During the Menstrual Cycle

Not Applicable

Terminated

• Conditions: Substrate Metabolism; Menstrual Cycle
• Interventions: Behavioral: EFP; Behavioral: LLP; Behavioral: ELP; Behavioral: LFP

• Registration Number: NCT04024826
• Lead Sponsor: Southern Illinois University Edwardsville

Brief Summary

This research project's objective is to investigate substrate metabolism behavior in response to the RT during different phases of the menstrual cycle.

Detailed Description

Based on the literature the investigators hypothesize an increase in fat oxidation in early follicular phase(EFP) and late follicular phase (LFP) when compared to early luteal phase (ELP) and late luteal phase (LLP). Given the lack of research in exercise and menstrual cycle - especially in resistance training - results are uncertain unless the investigators base their hypotheses only on the general physiological effects of sex hormones (without exercise). In this case, the investigators expect to see a reduced carbohydrate utilization and an increased utilization of fats in EFP and LFP. In addition, the intervention is focused on muscular endurance and, therefore, it is expected to see a higher reliance on aerobic pathways. It is expected that the effects of the intervention will be added to the effects of estrogens, with increasing fat oxidation when estrogen levels are higher. Lastly, a comparison of fat oxidation levels obtained on each sub-phase would reveal if there are differences in the magnitude of the effect of distinct concentrations of estrogen and progesterone.

Study Timeline

• Study First Submitted: 2019-03-21
• Status Verified: 2019-07
• Study Start: 2019-07-01
• Study First Submitted QC: 2019-07-17
• Study First Posted: 2019-07-18
• Primary Completion: 2020-03-16
• Study Completion: 2020-03-16
• Last Update Submitted: 2021-09-27
• Last Update Posted: 2021-10-04

Recruitment & Eligibility

• Status: TERMINATED
• Sex: Female
• Target Recruitment: 10

Inclusion Criteria

• Females with BMI-18.5-34.99 and between 18-45 years, with normal menstrual cycle defined as 28-30 days cycles +-3 days.
• Including higher BMI participants might alter the results as increased body fat has been linked to changes in different hormonal levels (not only sex hormones) and that might influence substrate utilization.
• Sedentary .or physically active for 2 days a week or less.

Exclusion Criteria

• • Musculoskeletal injuries,

  • cardio-respiratory conditions,
  • metabolic conditions,
  • irregular menstrual cycle,
  • menstrual dysfunction or unusual sex hormone levels,
  • on contraceptives,
  • on medication that alter hormonal or cardio-respiratory responses,
  • pre-menopausal symptoms,
  • on moderate to high-intensity exercise regime more than 2d/week.
  • All these exclusion criteria are chosen because any one of the listed criteria above can alter the responses and/or affect the safety of the subject during their participation in the study.

Study & Design

• Study Type: INTERVENTIONAL
• Study Design: CROSSOVER

Arm && Interventions

Group	Intervention	Description
Early Follicular Phase (EFP)	EFP	This group is comprised of participants at the Early Follicular Phase (EFP) of the menstrual cycle.
Late Luteal Phase	LLP	This group is comprised of participants at the Late Luteal Phase(LLP) of the menstrual cycle.
Early Luteal Phase	ELP	This group is comprised of participants at the Early Luteal Phase (ELP) of the menstrual cycle.
Late Follicular Phase	LFP	This group is comprised of participants at the Late Follicular Phase (LFP) of the menstrual cycle.

Primary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Changes in Substrate oxidation	During each exercise session: 1 assessment point on each menstrual cycle phase	changes in substrate oxidation will be measured using cosmed K5 during the intervention phase
Changes in Estrogen levels.	At baseline: 1 assessment point on each menstrual cycle phase	Blood would be drawn from the participants for assessment of hormone estrogen
Changes in Progesterone levels.	At baseline: 1 assessment point on each menstrual cycle phase	Blood would be drawn from the participants for assessment of hormone Progesterone.

Secondary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Relative Body Fat (%)	At baseline: 1 assessment point	Body composition i.e Fat mass, Lean body mass and Body fat percentage will be measured using dual-energy xray absorptiometry
Lean Body Mass (kg)	At baseline: 1 assessment point	Body composition i.e Fat mass, Lean body mass and Body fat percentage will be measured using dual-energy xray absorptiometry
Fat Mass (kg)	At baseline: 1 assessment point	Body composition i.e Fat mass, Lean body mass and Body fat percentage will be measured using dual-energy xray absorptiometry
Diet	At baseline: 1 assessment point on each menstrual cycle phase	Diet will be measured using ASA-24h recall
Cardiorespiratory Function	At baseline: 1 assessment point	maximal oxygen consumption will measured on a treadmill with a metabolic cart
Muscular strength	At baseline: 1 assessment point	Muscular strength will be assessed by one-repetition maximum test on leg press and bench press

Trial Locations

Locations (1)

Southern Illinois University Edwardsville; 🇺🇸 Edwardsville, Illinois, United States