Re-entry Continuum for Brain Injury

Change in Survey of Unmet Needs and Services Utilized (SUNSU)

时间窗: 3 months, 1 year

This measure is designed to assess both the usage of and desire for services unique to brain injury. The SUNSU includes a comprehensive list of 27 service needs and results in two scores: the number of met needs and the number of unmet needs. The measure shows good internal consistency as well as validity when compared to other needs assessments in the brain injury population. Participants decide if they : currently want help for the need, currently receiving help for the need, or it is not a need at all.

Change in Recidivism

时间窗: 1 year after release, 2 years after release, 3 years after release

This is defined as return to incarceration within three years of release and is the primary outcome to be collected through the IDOC Research and Technology Division for all participants at three time points: one, two, and three years after release.

Change in Behavioral Infractions

时间窗: 3 months

This is collected from PCF directly for each participant at time of release. The number and type of infractions will be counted between study enrollment and release.

Change in Employment

时间窗: Prior to release, 1 year after release, 2 years after release, and 3 years after release

This includes acquisition and sustainability (i.e., duration of employment) data will be collected through the IDOC Research and Technology Division for all offenders at three time points: one year, two years, and three years after release from IDOC.

Change in Violent Rearrests

时间窗: 1 year after release, 2 years after release, 3 years after release

This is collected for each participant through the IDOC Data Analysis and Technology Department for all offenders at three time points: one year, two years, and three years after release from IDOC. Offenses are coded between 1 and 6 with 1 being the highest level of violence and 6 being the lowest level/non-violent. Type of offense in criminal history (violent vs. nonviolent) will also be collected as a covariate.

Change in Attributions of Intent Hostility Questionnaire (AIHQ)

时间窗: within 2 weeks, 3 months

This consists of 5 written vignettes describing ambiguous actions/ situations (unclear intent behind actions). After participants read each vignette and imagine the scenario happening to her or him, they are asked five questions: 1) why the other person (or persons) acted that way toward you (open-ended response later rated by an independent rater; score indicates ''hostility bias''); 2) Whether the other person (or persons) performed the action on purpose (1 ''definitely no'' to 6 ''definitely yes'') using a Likert Scale (Intent score); 3) how angry it would make them feel (1 ''not at all angry'' to 5 ''very angry'') using a Likert scale (anger score); 4) how much they would blame the other person (or persons) (1 ''not at all'' to 5 ''very much'') using a Likert scale (blame score); and 5) how she or he would respond to the situation, (open-ended response).

Change in Participation Assessment with Combined Tools - Objective (PART-O)

时间窗: 3 months, 1 year

This is a 17-item measure developed and validated by the NIDILRR-sponsored TBI Model Systems13 to evaluate participation in the community with three domains: Productivity, Social Relations, and Out and About. Each item is scored on a 0 to 5 scale. Total PART-O scores will be used for our analyses.

Change in Brain Injury Coping Skills Questionnaire (BICS-Q)

时间窗: within 2 weeks, 3 months

Designed to measure self-efficacy related to brain injury. BICS-Q was designed based on Bandura's Guide for developing self-efficacy scales. Participants rate 20 items using a 5-point Likert-scale resulting in a total score. BICS-Q has shown significant change across BICS participants in multiple studies. Participants rate each statement from 0 (Not at all) to 4 (Extremely). Higher scores suggest greater self-efficacy.

Change in Brain Injury Coping Skills Questionnaire (BICS-Q)

时间窗: within 2 weeks, 3 months

Designed to measure self-efficacy related to brain injury. BICS-Q was designed based on Bandura's Guide for developing self-efficacy scales. Participants rate 20 items using a 5-point Likert-scale resulting in a total score. BICS-Q has shown significant change across BICS participants in multiple studies. Participants rate each statement from 0 (Not at all) to 4 (Extremely). Higher scores suggest greater self-efficacy.

Change in Aggression Questionnaire (AQ)

时间窗: within 2 weeks, 3 months

A standardized measure comprised of 34 statements to assess anger, hostile thoughts, and physical and verbal aggression.10 Participants rate statements using a 5-point scale (1 - Extremely uncharacteristic of me to 5 - Extremely characteristic of me). Raw and scaled scores (adjusted by age and gender) are provided for aggression subcomponents and total aggression. Total aggression will be used for our analyses. The AQ is a widely used measure, including for TBI studies.11 It has good test-retest reliability (.72-.80), and good internal consistency (.76-.94). Higher scores suggest higher aggression tendencies

Change in Attributions of Intent Hostility Questionnaire (AIHQ)

时间窗: within 2 weeks, 3 months

This consists of 5 written vignettes describing ambiguous actions/ situations (unclear intent behind actions). After participants read each vignette and imagine the scenario happening to her or him, they are asked five questions: 1) why the other person (or persons) acted that way toward you (open-ended response later rated by an independent rater; score indicates ''hostility bias''); 2) Whether the other person (or persons) performed the action on purpose (1 ''definitely no'' to 6 ''definitely yes'') using a Likert Scale (Intent score); 3) how angry it would make them feel (1 ''not at all angry'' to 5 ''very angry'') using a Likert scale (anger score); 4) how much they would blame the other person (or persons) (1 ''not at all'' to 5 ''very much'') using a Likert scale (blame score); and 5) how she or he would respond to the situation, (open-ended response).

Change in Participation Assessment with Combined Tools - Objective (PART-O)

时间窗: 3 months, 1 year

This is a 17-item measure developed and validated by the NIDILRR-sponsored TBI Model Systems13 to evaluate participation in the community with three domains: Productivity, Social Relations, and Out and About. Each item is scored on a 0 to 5 scale. Total PART-O scores will be used for our analyses.

Change in Survey of Unmet Needs and Services Utilized (SUNSU)

时间窗: 3 months, 1 year

This measure is designed to assess both the usage of and desire for services unique to brain injury. The SUNSU includes a comprehensive list of 27 service needs and results in two scores: the number of met needs and the number of unmet needs. The measure shows good internal consistency as well as validity when compared to other needs assessments in the brain injury population. Participants decide if they : currently want help for the need, currently receiving help for the need, or it is not a need at all.

Change in Recidivism

时间窗: 1 year after release, 2 years after release, 3 years after release

This is defined as return to incarceration within three years of release and is the primary outcome to be collected through the IDOC Research and Technology Division for all participants at three time points: one, two, and three years after release.

Change in Behavioral Infractions

时间窗: 3 months

This is collected from PCF directly for each participant at time of release. The number and type of infractions will be counted between study enrollment and release.

Change in Employment

时间窗: Prior to release, 1 year after release, 2 years after release, and 3 years after release

This includes acquisition and sustainability (i.e., duration of employment) data will be collected through the IDOC Research and Technology Division for all offenders at three time points: one year, two years, and three years after release from IDOC.

Change in Violent Rearrests

时间窗: 1 year after release, 2 years after release, 3 years after release

This is collected for each participant through the IDOC Data Analysis and Technology Department for all offenders at three time points: one year, two years, and three years after release from IDOC. Offenses are coded between 1 and 6 with 1 being the highest level of violence and 6 being the lowest level/non-violent. Type of offense in criminal history (violent vs. nonviolent) will also be collected as a covariate.