The Effect of Music on Neonatal Stress, Mother's Breastfeeding Success and Comfort

Not Applicable

Not yet recruiting

• Conditions: Music; Mother; Newborn; Breastfeeding
• Interventions: Behavioral: lullaby music; Behavioral: white noise music

• Registration Number: NCT06053931
• Lead Sponsor: Celal Bayar University

Brief Summary

In the literature, music plays an energizing, soothing, stimulating and awakening role for the newborn, and at the same time, music has the potential to wake up a lethargic and withdrawn baby and calm a crying, restless baby. In addition, it is stated that relaxing music in the early postpartum period supports breastfeeding behaviors of mother and baby. It is stated that lullabies positively affect the newborn's relaxation, falling asleep, and mother-baby communication. however, it facilitates sleep due to its monotonous, emotional and repetitive melody structure, slow tempo and relaxing effect. The sound called white noise is a humming, monotonous and constantly used sound that suppresses the disturbing sounds coming from the environment and has a calming feature. In the literature, it has been found that white noise played to infants with colic reduces crying.

The aim of this study is to determine the effects of lullabies and white noise music played during breastfeeding of the newborn on newborn stress, breastfeeding success and mother's comfort. This study was planned as a randomized controlled trial with term newborns 24 hours after birth.

Detailed Description

The hypotheses are presented below;

H1- White noise music played during breastfeeding reduces newborn stress compared to the control group.

H2- White noise music played during breastfeeding increases breastfeeding success compared to the control group.

H3- White noise music played during breastfeeding increases comfort of the mother compared to the control group.

H4- Lullaby music played during breastfeeding reduces newborn stress compared to the control group.

H5- Lullaby music played during breastfeeding increases breastfeeding success compared to the control group.

H6- Lullaby music played during breastfeeding increases comfort of the mother compared to the control group.

Study Timeline

• Status Verified: 2023-09
• Study First Submitted: 2023-09-10
• Study First Submitted QC: 2023-09-22
• Last Update Submitted: 2023-09-22
• Study First Posted: 2023-09-26
• Last Update Posted: 2023-09-26
• Study Start: 2023-10
• Primary Completion: 2023-12
• Study Completion: 2024-01

Recruitment & Eligibility

• Status: NOT_YET_RECRUITING
• Sex: Female
• Target Recruitment: 90

Inclusion Criteria

• Over 18 years of age,
• Able to speak Turkish,
• Breastfeeding mothers
• Term and healthy newborn (born at 38-42 weeks, weighing 2500-4000 g, born with an APGAR of 7 or more, without any known congenital disease)

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Exclusion Criteria

• mothers who do not agree to participate in the research
• mother has a condition that prevents breastfeeding

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Study & Design

• Study Type: INTERVENTIONAL
• Study Design: PARALLEL

Arm && Interventions

Group	Intervention	Description
Lullaby group	lullaby music	The women will fill out an descriptive characteristics questionnaire. Mothers will be asked to mark before breastfeeding on their comfort on the scale. The baby's stress level will measure with the "Newborn Stress Scale" before breastfeeding. Before the mother starts breastfeeding her baby, lullaby music will be turned on to help the baby relax during 2 minutes. During the breastfeeding process, music will be played to the baby and mother for approximately 15 minutes. The baby will be observed by the researcher at the first minute of breastfeeding, and the Newborn Stress Scale will be filled in again. The LATCH assessment will be done within the first 15 minutes of breastfeeding. After breastfeeding is over, they will be asked to fill in the "Visual Analog Scale" in order to evaluate the comfort of the mother.
White noise group	white noise music	The women will fill out an descriptive characteristics questionnaire. Mothers will be asked to mark before breastfeeding on their comfort on the scale. The baby's stress level will measure with the "Newborn Stress Scale" before breastfeeding. Before the mother starts breastfeeding her baby, white noise music will be turned on to help the baby relax during 2 minutes During the breastfeeding process, music will be played to the baby and mother for approximately 15 minutes. The baby will be observed by the researcher at the first minute of breastfeeding, and the Newborn Stress Scale will be filled in again. The LATCH assessment will be done within the first 15 minutes of breastfeeding. After breastfeeding is over, they will be asked to fill in the "Visual Analog Scale" in order to evaluate the comfort of the mother.

Primary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
mother's comfort in lullaby group	from pre-intervention to 15 minutes after listening to lullaby.	Change in mother's comfort from pre-intervention to 15 minutes after listening to lullaby during breastfeeding.
newborn stress level in white noise group	from pre-intervention to 2 minutes after listening to white noise music.	Change in newborn stress level from pre-intervention to 2 minutes after listening to white noise music in the first minute of breastfeeding. "Newborn Stress Scale" including facial expression, color, respiration, activity level, consolation, muscle tone, extremities, and posture. Each parameter was scored on a scale of 0-2. The minimum score was 0, and the maximum score was 16 for this scale, where a higher score represented increased stress levels in newborn.
newborn stress level in lullaby group	from pre-intervention to 2 minutes after listening to lullaby.	Change in newborn stress level from pre-intervention to 2 minutes after listening to lullaby.; "Newborn Stress Scale" including facial expression, color, respiration, activity level, consolation, muscle tone, extremities, and posture. Each parameter was scored on a scale of 0-2. The minimum score was 0, and the maximum score was 16 for this scale, where a higher score represented increased stress levels in newborn.
mother's comfort in white noise group	from pre-intervention to 15 minutes after listening to white noise music	Change in mother's comfort from pre-intervention to 15 minutes after listening to white noise music during breastfeeding. The number "0" on the the Visual Analog Scale indicates that it is not comfortable at all, the comfort increases as the numbers get larger, and the number "10" indicates that the comfort is complete.

Secondary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
breastfeeding success in white noise group	At the 15th minute of breastfeeding	At the 15th minute of breastfeeding in white noise group, breastfeeding success will be evaluated using the LATCH Breastfeeding Assessment Tool.; LATCH is a breastfeeding charting system that provides a systematic method for gathering information about individual breastfeeding sessions. The system assigns a numerical score, 0, 1, or 2, to five key components of breastfeeding. Each letter of the acronym LATCH denotes an area of assessment. "L" is for how well the infant latches onto the breast. "A" is for the amount of audible swallowing noted. "T" is for the mother's nipple type. "C" is for the mother's level of comfort. "H" is for the amount of help the mother needs to hold her infant to the breast.
breastfeeding success in lullaby group	At the 15th minute of breastfeeding	At the 15th minute of breastfeeding in lullaby group, breastfeeding success will be evaluated using the LATCH Breastfeeding Assessment Tool.; LATCH is a breastfeeding charting system that provides a systematic method for gathering information about individual breastfeeding sessions. The system assigns a numerical score, 0, 1, or 2, to five key components of breastfeeding. Each letter of the acronym LATCH denotes an area of assessment. "L" is for how well the infant latches onto the breast. "A" is for the amount of audible swallowing noted. "T" is for the mother's nipple type. "C" is for the mother's level of comfort. "H" is for the amount of help the mother needs to hold her infant to the breast.

Trial Locations

Locations (1)

Celal Bayar University; 🇹🇷 Manisa, Turkey