Group-based Intervention for Alcohol, Drugs and Aggression Among Club Patrons
试验速览
- 阶段
- 不适用
- 状态
- 已完成
- 入组人数
- 959
- 试验地点
- 4
- 主要终点
- Number of Safety Actions Taken to Intervene Within Group
研究概览
简要总结
The purpose of this study is to develop and test a group-based strategy for encouraging groups of young adults who are engaged in party behaviors at nightclubs to intervene with each other to reduce harms associated with overuse of alcohol and recreational drugs and to reduce harms associated with aggression (physical and sexual).
详细描述
This study focuses on high risk behaviors (excessive alcohol use, drug use) and unwanted experiences (physical/sexual aggression) that may occur during an evening at a night club for young adults engaged in party behaviors. the goals were: 1) to develop a screener that accurately assesses a group's level of risk for one specific night of club attendance and based upon this assessment, (2) to provide naturally occurring social groups with the necessary skills to identify vulnerability for and to provide them with tools to reduce harms. An algorithm calculated in real time during an entrance survey predicted the types of risks that the group members may encounter during the evening based upon past behaviors and expectations for the evening. Social groups in the experimental condition were exposed to a brief intervention that focused on developing skills described as the 3 O's: a) Outreach-how to approach fellow group members who are at risk, (b) Options-how to suggest options that would increase safety and (c) Out-How to assess when it is time to leave the club. This brief, interactive intervention was delivered by small tablet computers that utilized mobile application technology and cellular wireless service. This low cost delivery was considered important to providing later adoption in the real world and the interactive nature of the intervention was designed to appeal to the young adult population.
研究设计
- 研究类型
- Interventional
- 分配方式
- Randomized
- 干预模型
- Parallel
- 主要目的
- Prevention
- 盲法
- Single (Participant)
盲法说明
Groups assigned to experimental and control conditions were given a tablet on which either the experimental or control program was provided. Both groups were told that they would be viewing a program on safety while at the club. Both groups had to respond to some questions on the tablet about the program. Both groups were asked to interact as a group to answer these questions. Without a view of the tablet, it appeared as if both experimental and controls had the same condition.
入排标准
- 年龄范围
- 21 Years 至 —（Adult, Older Adult）
- 性别
- All
- 接受健康志愿者
- 是
入选标准
- •Must be within age range, entering the club that night, group size must be 2 or more
排除标准
- •working or performing at the club that night
研究组 & 干预措施
Nightlife Safety Plans (NSP)
Observed indicators that a group member may be in trouble due identified risks were provided and if detected, they were given practical skills on implementing the 3 0's: Outreach, Options, and Out. Outreach consisted of techniques for approaching your friend and acquiring more information whether there was a problem. Options were to be employed if problems were confirmed and were designed to provide easy, simple steps to reduce risks and decrease probability of escalation of problems. Out refers to the plans the group made before entering the club that they would leave as a group to keep the group members safe. Group commitment to implement these safety steps was emphasized. Interactive and visually attractive scenes were drawn as graphic images to avoid didactic delivery.
干预措施: Nightlife Safety Plans (NSP) (Behavioral)
Fire Safety
Groups in the control condition were also given information on safety and the focus of this safety message was regarding fires in nightclubs. Groups were given didactic materials to read with some still images. There were a few questions for the group to address.
干预措施: Fire Safety (Behavioral)
结局指标
主要结局
Number of Safety Actions Taken to Intervene Within Group
时间窗: On average, follow up data was collected 1 hour and 54 minutes after baseline (SD 1 hour 3 minutes). The range was from 9 minutes to 5 hours and 15 minutes.
Five types of safety actions were assessed for individuals (as they exited the club) that could have occurred in response to peer's use of alcohol or drugs, experiencing physical aggression and/or sexual aggression. These safety actions were: (1) checked in with friends to assess their safety, (2) monitored alcohol consumption of peers, (3) encouraged peer to pace their drinking, (4) discouraged drug use, and (5) encouraged steps to sober up. An individual could report 0-5 safety actions. Because this was a peer group intervention, a mean score was created for each group by adding the total individual scores within each group, (groups ranged in size from 2-9, making this total possible range 0-45) and dividing these total within group scores by the number in the group. Thus, each peer group had a score ranging from 0-5, with the higher the score, the more protective the group was.
Protective Action Reported for Physical Aggression Incident
时间窗: On average, follow up data was collected 1 hour and 54 minutes after baseline (SD 1 hour 3 minutes). The range was from 9 minutes to 5 hours and 15 minutes.
Among those who experienced physical aggression, the prevalence of a group member taking action(s) to intervene was reported.
Protective Action Reported for Sexual Aggression Incident
时间窗: On average, follow up data was collected 1 hour and 54 minutes after baseline (SD 1 hour 3 minutes). The range was from 9 minutes to 5 hours and 15 minutes.
Among those who experienced sexual aggression, the prevalence of a group member taking action(s) to intervene was reported.
次要结局
- Legally Intoxicated(On average, follow up data was collected 1 hour and 54 minutes after baseline (SD 1 hour 3 minutes). The range was from 9 minutes to 5 hours and 15 minutes.)
- Prevalence of Recreational Drug Use(On average, follow up data was collected 1 hour and 54 minutes after baseline (SD 1 hour 3 minutes). The range was from 9 minutes to 5 hours and 15 minutes.)
- Leaving Club With Friend(s) Arrived With(On average, follow up data was collected 1 hour and 54 minutes after baseline (SD 1 hour 3 minutes). The range was from 9 minutes to 5 hours and 15 minutes.)
研究者
Brenda Miller
Senior Scientist
Pacific Institute for Research and Evaluation