Short-term Effects of an SGLT2 Inhibitor on Divalent Ions in Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease

Phase 4

Recruiting

• Conditions: Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease
• Interventions: Drug: Placebo; Drug: Empagliflozin

• Registration Number: NCT06435858
• Lead Sponsor: Cantonal Hospital Graubuenden

Brief Summary

This study aims to better understand electrolyte handling in patients with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease treated with the SGLT2 inhibitor Empagliflozin.

Patients will be randomized into two groups and take Empagliflozin or a Placebo for 2 weeks with a wash-out period of 2 weeks. The primary outcome is tubular handling of the divalent ions calcium, phosphate and magnesium. Secondary outcomes include diuresis, safety and tolerability.

Detailed Description

This investigator-initiated randomised, single-blind, placebo-controlled cross-over study aims to better understand tubular electrolyte handling of divalent ions in patients with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease treated with the SGLT2 inhibitor Empagliflozin.

After randomization, at week 0, participants collect 24-hour urine sample and a patient visit to assess vitals and blood tests takes place. After this visit, period 1 starts with a 2-week treatment of either Empagliflozin 10mg or Placebo.

At week 2, the second 24-hour-urine sample and 2. patient visit and blood test take place. After this visit, wash-out period for 2 weeks starts where no study drug will be administered At week 4, the period 2, the crossover-period starts for an additional 2 weeks. At week 6; a final and third 24-hour urine sample, clinical visit and blood test takes place.

At week 3 \& 7, a phone consultation will assess safety.

Study Timeline

• Study First Submitted: 2024-05-24
• Study First Submitted QC: 2024-05-24
• Study First Posted: 2024-05-30
• Study Start: 2024-09-01
• Status Verified: 2025-03
• Last Update Submitted: 2025-03-21
• Last Update Posted: 2025-03-26
• Primary Completion: 2025-05
• Study Completion: 2025-08

Recruitment & Eligibility

• Status: RECRUITING
• Sex: All
• Target Recruitment: 40

Inclusion Criteria

• • Patients 18-75 years old with ADPKD, defined according to international diagnostic and classification criteria14, treated at Cantonal Hospital Graubünden (KSGR) and the University Hospital Zürich (USZ) independent of baseline treatment with the vasopressin receptor antagonist Tolvaptan
• Informed consent as documented by signature

Exclusion Criteria

• • renal replacement therapy or kidney allograft recipient
• chronic kidney disease CKD KDIGO Stage G4 (eGFR under 30ml/min/1.73m2)
• patients younger 18 years of age
• Diabetes mellitus type 1
• recurrent urinary tract infections (UTI) defined as more than 3 infections requiring antibiotic treatment or over 1 requiring hospitalization/year.
• Patients with uncontrolled hypertension (defined as ambulatory systolic BP over 180mmHg), liver cirrhosis (Child Pugh B and C)
• Patients not able or not willing to stop the following medications during the study period of participation in the trial:
• Thiazide diuretics
• Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors
• Sodium bicarbonate
• 1, 25 (OH) vitamin D (calcitriol)
• Bisphosphonate, denosumab, teriparatide
• Pregnant or lactating women
• Known allergy to study drug
• Inability to understand and follow the protocol

Study & Design

• Study Type: INTERVENTIONAL
• Study Design: CROSSOVER

Arm && Interventions

Group	Intervention	Description
Control	Placebo	Placebo
Intervention	Empagliflozin	Empagliflozin 10mg

Primary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Primary Outcome	After a two week intervention	- Ca2+, phosphate, Mg measured by fractional excretions

Secondary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Secondary Outcome	After a two week intervention	- diuresis (24-hour urine volume, 24-hour creatinine, ketonuria, osmolarity, urinary pH) - tubular handling of other electrolytes (Na, K, Cl) - inflammation metabolism (CRP, hemoglobin?) - kidney function (creatinine, uric acid, urea, hemoglobin?) - effect on standardized blood pressure (assessed every two weeks) - bone metabolism (FGF23, PTH, 25-(OH)-D3) - tolerability (patient-reported side effects (nycturia, urinary urgency, lightheadedness, syncope) - safety (bacteriuria, urinary tract infection requiring antibiotic treatment, genital mycosis)

Trial Locations

Locations (2)

University Hospital Zurich, Division of Nephrology; 🇨🇭 Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland

Cantonal Hospital Graubuenden; 🇨🇭 Chur, Graubuenden, Switzerland