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Bicruciate-retaining (2C) Total Knee Arthroplasty (TKA) Versus Posterior-stabilized (PS) Total Knee Arthroplasty (TKA)

Not Applicable
Active, not recruiting
Conditions
Knee Osteoarthritis
Total Knee Arthroplasty
Interventions
Procedure: posterior-stabilized total knee arthroplasty
Procedure: bicruciate-retaining total knee arthroplasty
Registration Number
NCT05469776
Lead Sponsor
Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM)
Brief Summary

Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) with the sacrifice of the anterior cruciate ligament is the standard treatment for severe knee osteoarthritis. A number of studies on the kinematics of the prosthetic knee tend to show that implants that preserve the cruciate ligaments best reproduce the kinematics of the healthy knee. The goal is to compare the clinical and radiological results in patients undergoing total knee replacement surgery according to the type of prosthesis used. It is anticipated that the bicruciate-retaining prosthesis will result in better function of the operated knee than the posterior-stabilized prosthesis.

Method:

* Randomized controlled trial

* Monocentric

* Randomization will be done using sealed envelopes

Detailed Description

Posterior cruciate ligament replacement knee prostheses or posterior-stabilized (PS) are the most used type of prosthesis. Various studies of the kinematics of the prosthetic knee tend to show that implants that preserve both cruciate ligaments best reproduce the kinematics of the healthy knee. These implants are the unicondylar knee Arthroplasty - in which only one side of the femorotibial joint is replaced; most often the medial side - and the bicruciate-retaining total knee arthroplasty (BCR). The BCR prosthesis is perceived as technically difficult to install and has never been a great commercial success despite the scientific demonstration of its virtues for knee kinematics. Given the current trend among prosthetic implant manufacturers to optimize the performance of knee prostheses for younger, active patients, the retention of both cruciate ligaments appears to be an interesting alternative. Unfortunately, there are no good studies comparing the results of the BCR prosthesis to the PS prosthesis.

The goal is to compare the clinical and radiological results in patients undergoing total knee replacement surgery according to the type of prosthesis used (BCR vs PS).

The hypothesis is that the BCR prosthesis will result in better function of the operated knee than the PS prosthesis, resulting in joint kinematics closer to a healthy knee, better clinical scores and a higher activity level.

60 patients undergoing a total knee arthroplasty will be recruited. Randomization will be done intraoperatively using sealed envelopes once the indication for BCR TKA has been definitively established. Demographic data, medical history, clinical assessment and 4 questionnaires (IKS, KOOS, Marx and SF-12) will be completed prior to surgery. A standard x-ray, EOS imaging, TELOS radiological laximetry and a non-invasive evaluation of the 3D kinematics will be performed before the surgery.

Patients will complete the 4 questionnaires at 6 weeks, 6 months, 1 year, 2 years, 5 years and 10 years post-surgery. A standard radiological examination will be performed at the same follow-ups. TELOS radiological laximetry, EOS imaging and 3D kinematics assessment will be repeated at the 1-year follow-up post-surgery.

Recruitment & Eligibility

Status
ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING
Sex
All
Target Recruitment
77
Inclusion Criteria
  • Patients awaiting a total knee replacement who are candidates for a bi-cruciate retaining prosthesis
  • Disabling bicompartmental gonarthrosis with failure of conservative treatment
  • 70 years of age or younger at the time of the pre-operative consultation
  • Intact and functional cruciate ligaments
  • Coronal knee malalignment of 10 degrees or less
  • Adequate preoperative range of motion, defined as maximum flexum (inability to fully extend the knee) of 10 degrees and flexion greater than 90 degrees
  • Adequate intraoperative knee exposure to allow preservation of both cruciate ligaments
Exclusion Criteria
  • Inability to undergo an EOS examination, defined as the inability to stand or morbid obesity (inability of the patient to enter the EOS machine, which is relatively cramped)
  • Inability to walk on a treadmill and squat
  • Pregnant women to avoid unnecessary fetal radiation
  • Illiteracy, language barrier and any other reason that prevents patients from answering the questionnaires

Study & Design

Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Study Design
PARALLEL
Arm && Interventions
GroupInterventionDescription
posterior-stabilized total knee arthroplastyposterior-stabilized total knee arthroplastyThe prosthesis requires the excision of both cruciate ligaments
bicruciate-retaining total knee arthroplastybicruciate-retaining total knee arthroplastyThe prosthesis is minimally constrained and allows the preservation of both cruciate ligaments. All implants are cemented.
Primary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Change in KOOS pain scoreChange from baseline (pre surgery) KOOS pain score at 10 years after the surgery

KOOS pain score; 0-100 scale, 0: extreme problems 100: no problems

Secondary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Change in KOOS pain scoreChange from baseline (pre surgery) KOOS pain score at 5 years after the surgery

KOOS pain score; 0-100 scale, 0: extreme problems 100: no problems

Change in International Knee Society scoring system (IKS) : function scoreChange from baseline (pre surgery) IKS function score at 10 years after the surgery

IKS Knee score; 0-100, 0: severe functional disability 100: no disability

Change in Lower limb morphology in the coronal planeChange from baseline (pre surgery) Lower limb morphology in the coronal plane at 10 years after the surgery

Lower limb morphology in the coronal plane; neutral: 176-184 degrees varus: \<176 degrees valgus: \> 184 degrees

Change in Knee alignment : Medial distal femoral angle (MDFA)Change from baseline (pre surgery) MDFA at 10 years after the surgery

Medial distal femoral angle (MDFA); 75-100 degrees

Change in Knee alignment : Medial proximal tibial angle (MPTA)Change from baseline (pre surgery) MPTA at 10 years after the surgery

Medial proximal tibial angle (MPTA); 70-110 degrees

Change in KOOS sport and recreation scoreChange from baseline (pre surgery) KOOS sport and recreation at 10 years after the surgery

KOOS sport and recreation score; 0-100 scale, 0: extreme problems 100: no problems

Change in International Knee Society scoring system (IKS) : knee scoreChange from baseline (pre surgery) IKS Knee score at 10 years after the surgery

IKS Knee score; 0-100, 0: poor condition of the knee 100: better condition of the knee

Change in Knee ligament laxity : Anterior/Posterior InstabilityChange from baseline (pre surgery) Anterior/Posterior Instability at 10 years after the surgery

Anterior/Posterior Instability; measured at 90 degrees; none, moderate \< 5mm, severe \>5 mm

Change in KOOS symptoms scoreChange from baseline (pre surgery) KOOS pain symptoms at 10 years after the surgery

KOOS symptoms score; 0-100 scale, 0: extreme problems 100: no problems

Change in MARX scoreChange from baseline (pre surgery) MARX score at 10 yearss after the surgery

MARX activity rating scale; 0-16, 0: less frequent sport participation 16: more frequent sport participation

Change in Knee alignment : Hip-knee-shaft (HKS)Change from baseline (pre surgery) HKS at 10 years after the surgery

Hip-knee-shaft (HKS); 2-15 degrees

Change in 12-Item Short Form Survey (SF-12) scoreChange from baseline (pre surgery) SF-12 Questionnaire at 10 years after the surgery

SF-12; Physical component summary (PCS-12), Mental component summary (MCS-12), the scores are reported as Z-scores (difference compared to the population average, measured in standard deviations). The United States population average PCS-12 and MCS-12 are both 50 points. The United States population standard deviation is 10 points. So each 10 increment of 10 points above or below 50, corresponds to one standard deviation away from the average.

Change in KOOS activity of daily living scoreChange from baseline (pre surgery) KOOS activity of daily living at 10 years after the surgery

KOOS symptoms score; 0-100 scale, 0: extreme problems 100: no problems

Change in KOOS quality of life scoreChange from baseline (pre surgery) KOOS quality of life at 10 years after the surgery

KOOS quality of life score; 0-100 scale, 0: extreme problems 100: no problems

Change in Knee Range of Motion (ROM)Change from baseline (pre surgery) ROM at 10 years after the surgery

Genu Recurvatum, Genu Flexum and Knee maximal flexion, angle in degrees ranging from 0 to 160

Change in Knee alignment : Hip-knee-ankle (HKA)Change from baseline (pre surgery) HKA at 10 years after the surgery

Hip-knee-ankle (HKA); 150-210 degrees

Change in Patellar apprehension testChange from baseline (pre surgery) Patellofemoral Instability at 10 years after the surgery

Clinical physical examination for patellofemoral instability; Patellar apprehension test; normal, apprehension, apprehension and dislocation

Changes in 3D knee kinematics assessment during walking measured with the KneeKG system - knee internal and external rotationChange from baseline (pre surgery) 3D kinematics assessment at 1 year after the surgery

3D kinematics assessment during walking, the knee kinematics will be assessed using the kneeKG system, knee rotation around the longitudinal axis (knee internal and external rotation), degrees

Change in Knee ligament laxity : Medial/Lateral InstabilityChange from baseline (pre surgery) Medial/Lateral Instability at 10 years after the surgery

Medial/Lateral Instability; measured in full extension; none, little \< 5 mm, moderate = 5mm, severe \> 5 mm

Change in TELOS radiological laximetryChange from baseline (pre surgery) TELOS radiological laximetry at 1 year after the surgery

TELOS radiological laximetry of both knees; varus and valgus laxity with knees in extension, anterior-posterior laxity of the knees at 20 and 90 degrees of flexion

Change in EOS imaging pseudo-kinematic - standardized squatting task - knee flexion and extensionChange from baseline (pre surgery) EOS imaging pseudo-kinematic at 1 year after the surgery

EOS imaging of both knees during a standardized squatting task; knee rotation around the media-lateral axis (knee flexion and extension), degrees

Change in EOS imaging pseudo-kinematic - standardized squatting task - knee abduction and adductionChange from baseline (pre surgery) EOS imaging pseudo-kinematic at 1 year after the surgery

EOS imaging of both knees during a standardized squatting task; knee rotation around the anteroposterior axis (knee abduction and adduction), degrees

Change in EOS imaging pseudo-kinematic - free squatting task - knee flexion and extensionChange from baseline (pre surgery) EOS imaging pseudo-kinematic at 1 year after the surgery

EOS imaging of both knees during a free squatting task; knee rotation around the media-lateral axis (knee flexion and extension), degrees

Change in EOS imaging pseudo-kinematic - free squatting task - knee abduction and adductionChange from baseline (pre surgery) EOS imaging pseudo-kinematic at 1 year after the surgery

EOS imaging of both knees during a free squatting task; knee rotation around the anteroposterior axis (knee abduction and adduction), degrees

Change in EOS imaging pseudo-kinematic - free squatting task - knee internal and external rotationChange from baseline (pre surgery) EOS imaging pseudo-kinematic at 1 year after the surgery

EOS imaging of both knees during a free squatting task; knee rotation around the longitudinal axis (knee internal and external rotation), degrees

Changes in 3D knee kinematics assessment during walking - knee flexion and extensionChange from baseline (pre surgery) 3D kinematics assessment at 1 year after the surgery

3D kinematics assessment during walking, the knee kinematics will be assessed using the kneeKG system, knee rotation around the media-lateral axis (knee flexion and extension), degrees

Change in Physical Activity Level ScaleChange from baseline (pre surgery) Physical Activity Level at 10 years after the surgery

Physical Activity Level Scale; None, Mild, Moderate, Strenuous, Competitive

Change in Physical Activities ScaleChange from baseline (pre surgery) Physical Activities at 10 years after the surgery

Physical Activities Scale; Sedentary / very little, Physical work, Aerobic, Sport(s) without pivot, Sport(s) with pivot

Changes in 3D knee kinematics assessment during walking measured with the KneeKG system - knee abduction and adductionChange from baseline (pre surgery) 3D kinematics assessment at 1 year after the surgery

3D kinematics assessment during walking, the knee kinematics will be assessed using the kneeKG system, knee rotation around the anteroposterior axis (knee abduction and adduction), degrees

Change in EOS imaging pseudo-kinematic - standardized squatting task - knee internal and external rotationChange from baseline (pre surgery) EOS imaging pseudo-kinematic at 1 year after the surgery

EOS imaging of both knees during a standardized squatting task; knee rotation around the longitudinal axis (knee internal and external rotation), degrees

Trial Locations

Locations (1)

Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal

🇨🇦

Montréal, Quebec, Canada

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