Knowledge, Personal Views and Experiences of a Group of Dental Interns Toward Physical Child Abuse: A Cross Sectional Study
试验速览
- 阶段
- 不适用
- 入组人数
- 350
- 主要终点
- Knowledge, personal views, experiences of dental interns toward physical child abuse
研究概览
简要总结
Scientific background ( Statement of the problem) :
Child abuse is a worldwide problem facing millions of children annually regardless their socio-economic level and culture, it affects the child's physical, mental health, well-being and development through his life (WHO, 2002).
The World Health Organization stated that 23% of children worldwide were physically abused in 2014 (WHO, 2014). In Egypt, children face different types of abuse, the 2014 Demographic Health Survey (DHS) shows that 93% of children aged 1 to 14 years old have been exposed to violent disciplinary practices, including psychological aggression and/or physical punishment (UNICEF Egypt, 2014).
Exclusively dentists are in strategic position to detect signs of child abuse as 50-70% of reported physical child abuse cases include head and neck trauma and 25% of physical abuse injuries occur in or around the mouth. In addition, dentists can notice the characteristic properties of the family because they have a continued relationship with pediatric patients and their families (Shannon et al., 2016).
Rationale for carrying out this study As published data about Knowledge, personal views and experiences of dentists toward physical child abuse in Egypt is sparse. This study will be conducted to cover this point among a group of dental interns in Egypt and highlight their role in detecting and reporting physical child abuse cases.
Benefits to the practitioners
- Increase the awareness of pediatric dentists about child abuse and highlight their role in detecting and reporting physical abuse cases.
- Knowledge about physical signs of abuse and how to act with these cases will give the dentists confidence in reporting decision.
- Discovering the main causes of dentists' hesitation in reporting diagnosed physical child abuse.
Benefits to the patient and population
- As 50-70% of reported physical abuse cases occur in the head and neck area (Shannon et al., 2016), so the dentist may be the first person to detect the physical abuse toward a child and help in protecting him from repeated injuries by his reporting.
- Asking the parents and the children about the physical signs that the dentist suspects may make the parent fear from reporting and stop his act.
详细描述
Review of literature :
Databases and websites as PubMed, Google were searched for relevant literature in English until October 2017 with key words "Child abuse, Child maltreatment, Physical child abuse, Violence against children, Dentists, pediatric dentists" Sonbol et al., 2011 conducted a study to assess Knowledge, educational experiences and attitudes towards child abuse amongst Jordanian dentists, using structured self-administered questionnaire. The target population was all dentists registered in the Jordanian Dental Association Council (general dentists and specialists) , the respondents were 256, 34% of them said that they had formal training in recognizing and reporting child abuse, and 42% had continuing education training on the topic, 50% of the dentists suspected a case of child abuse in the past 5 years, but only 12% reported their suspicions. The main reasons for not reporting suspicions of abuse were fear from anger of parents (43%), uncertainty about diagnosis (41%) and uncertainty about referral procedures (41%). Those dentists who had formal training in dental school and post-qualification courses in child abuse were significantly more likely to report suspicions.
Sousa et al., 2011 conducted a study to assess the attitudes and perceptions of dentists regarding child abuse, and to investigate professional characteristics associated with the identification of suspected child abuse. A self-administered questionnaire was sent to the 276 dentists (general dentists and specialists) in Pelotas, Brazil with response rate 68%. Most dentists (85.7%) had never suspected child abuse cases. Among those who suspected, 76.0% didn't report the cases to authorities. No differences were observed between sexes, years of graduation, types of licenses, and the frequency at which children were treated.
Harsimran et al., 2015 conducted a cross-sectional survey to general dentists in Moradabad city in India to assess their knowledge and attitude regarding child abuse and to identify the barriers in reporting these cases using self-administered questionnaire sent by mail to 120 of them the response rate was 97%. Questions pertaining to knowledge of dentists showed that nearly 89.7% of them were able to distinguish between accidental injury and physical abuse. The rate of detecting cases of child abuse by respondents was (60%), Lack of knowledge about dentist's role in reporting child abuse accounted to 55% in the reasons for hesitancy to report.
Rodrigues et al., 2015 conducted a systematic review to assess the perception, knowledge and attitude of dentists towards the detection and management of domestic violence against children (DVAC) cases. A systematic search was performed in 6 databases: PubMed, ScienceDirect, LILACS, SciELO, GoogleScholar, and OpenGrey. No restriction of language, time, and publication status was considered. The search resulted in 1.024 articles, of which 18 fit the eligibility criteria. The knowledge for detecting cases of DVAC obtained during the under graduation course was classified by the dentists (in 39% of the articles) as "insufficient". When suspecting of cases involving domestic violence, most of the dentists (in 77.75% of the articles) considered reporting to the competent authorities. However, the dentists were not sure about who these authorities are (in 31.25% of the articles).
研究设计
- 研究类型
- Observational
- 观察模型
- Other
- 时间视角
- Cross Sectional
入排标准
- 年龄范围
- 21 Years 至 25 Years（Adult）
- 性别
- All
- 接受健康志愿者
- 否
入选标准
- •Dental interns who completed their Pediatric Dentistry round in Pediatric Dentistry and Dental Public Health Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University.
- •Both genders are included.
排除标准
- •Dental interns who refused to participate in the study.
结局指标
主要结局
Knowledge, personal views, experiences of dental interns toward physical child abuse
时间窗: 6 months
Measuring unit : Structured self-administered questionnaire (Sonbol et al., 2012, Dalledone et al., 2015 and Mogaddam et al., 2016) Measuring units : Numbers and percentages ( The questionnaire include binary and MCQ )
次要结局
未报告次要终点