Evaluation of the Clinical and Radiographic Success of Platelet-Rich Fibrin, Chitosan, and Blood Clot as Scaffolds in Regenerative Endodontic Treatment of Molars

Regenerative endodontic treatments are biologically based procedures designed to physiologically replace damaged tooth structures, including the cells of the pulp-dentin complex. The aim of this treatment is to promote normal root development in immature permanent teeth with necrotic pulp.The primary goal of regenerative endodontics is to stimulate stem cells and encourage their division and proliferation to regenerate damaged tissue. However, a scaffold is essential for the survival of stem cells throughout the regeneration process. A key component of this process is the presence of a scaffold that allows stem cells from the apical papilla to adhere, proliferate, and differentiate. Blood clots and platelet-rich fibrin are frequently used as scaffolds in regenerative endodontics. However, research is ongoing to determine the appropriate scaffold for cases where these are not applicable.Researchers investigated an alternative scaffold for children who could not achieve apical bleeding or allow blood collection from the arm for PRF. Due to its biocompatibility, low cost, and broad-spectrum antibacterial activity, chitosan was included as the third group in this study. The immature necrotic molars to be treated were randomly divided into three groups. Regenerative endodontic treatment was performed using three different scaffolds: blood clot, PRF, and chitosan. The results were evaluated radiographically and clinically.