Dose-adjustment of Enoxaparin by a Bayesian Pharmacological Approach in Pediatric Kidney Transplant Recipients (OPTI-TREX)
- Conditions
- Pediatric Kidney Transplant Recipients
- Registration Number
- NCT05672550
- Lead Sponsor
- Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris
- Brief Summary
Allograft vascular thrombosis is a devastating complication in kidney transplantation in adults and older children. Though uncommon, it is often irreversible and represents the main cause of graft loss within after kidney transplantation in adults and in the first post-operative year in children. Since allograft thrombosis is usually observed in the first 48h post-operatively, the need to promptly achieve appropriate anticoagulation in at-risk patients is of utmost importance.
However, no consensus exists regarding the optimal prophylaxis in the peri-transplant period and the following dose-adjustment, and practices are highly heterogeneous among centers. Moreover, the therapeutic target is very narrow and antithrombotic agents may conversely increase the risk of allograft hematoma. Enoxaparin is a low molecular weight heparin commonly used in this context, but off-label in children. Therapeutic ranges are based on anti-Xa levels 4 to 6 hours following injection and extrapolated from adults although evidences suggest that such extrapolation may be inappropriate in many circumstances. The current pediatric practice of dose adjustment to achieve and maintain a target anti-Xa range is empirical and dependent on the physician.
The aim of the proposed clinical trial is to assess the efficacy/safety profile of this bayesian-based dose optimization in the clinical setting, as compared to the current practices of empirical adjustment. This should greatly improve the personalized management of renal transplanted children, a subset of patients with singular renal function and little-investigated pharmacokinetics and help standardizing and rationalizing practices.
- Detailed Description
The investigators will compare the efficacy of the Bayesian based dose versus the dose determined in a usual empirical way based on each physician's experience.
The primary endpoint is the Anti-Xa activity within the target range 28 to 30 hours after initiation of the treatment.
This is an open labelled randomized clinical trial. The randomization will proceed during the inclusion visit by the local pediatric nephrologist or intensivist just before the first enoxaparin injection, administered within 24 hours post-transplantation.
The investigators will conduct a national multicentric study with 9 inclusion centers which are all nephrology units specialized in renal transplantation.
Recruitment & Eligibility
- Status
- RECRUITING
- Sex
- All
- Target Recruitment
- 50
- Pediatric renal transplant recipients
- Aged ≥ 2 years and <18 years
- With an indication for enoxaparin treatment in the first post-transplant week according to the local transplant team such as inherited or acquired thrombotic disorders (eg. but not exclusive protein C, protein S, and antithrombin III deficiency; factor V Leiden mutation (FV506Q), prothrombin mutation (G20210A), mutation in the MTHFR (methyl Tetra hydro folate reductase) gene (C677T), and antiphospholipid antibodies (anticardiolipin antibodies and lupus anticoagulants), history of thrombosis, donor age < 2 years, recipient age < 5 years, cold ischemia time >24h, multiple renal vessels.
- Informed consent form signed by the legal guardian(s)
- Affiliated to a health insurance system
Exclusion Criteria
- Per-transplant technical surgical problems
- Pre-inclusion allograft thrombosis (before randomization and enoxaparin administration)
- Peri-operative thrombosis or bleeding (before randomization and enoxaparin administration)
- Peri-operative hemodynamic instability
- Medical history of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia
- Allergic reaction to enoxaparin or excipients
- Pregnancy
- LMWH (Low molecular weight heparins) prophylactic before transplant
Not provided
Study & Design
- Study Type
- INTERVENTIONAL
- Study Design
- PARALLEL
- Primary Outcome Measures
Name Time Method Anti-Xa activity within the target range At 28-30 hours after initiation of treatment Anti-Xa activity within the target range (i.e., success defined by an anti-Xa activity ≥0.3 IU/mL and ≤0.5 IU/mL).
- Secondary Outcome Measures
Name Time Method Graft thrombosis Up to 30 days Graft thrombosis : assessed by allograft ultrasound
Enoxaparin-related side effects Up to 30 days Enoxaparin-related side effects during the first postoperative month: bleeding (all localisations), graft hematoma (presence/absence): assessed by ultrasound
Allograft bleeding Up to 30 days Allograft bleeding: bleeding with post-operative transfusion
Enoxaparin induced thrombopenia Up to 30 days Thrombopenia
Anti-Xa outcome measurement ≥0.3 IU/ml and ≤0.6 IU/mL At 28-30 hours after initiation of treatment Anti-Xa outcome measurement is defined as: Anti-Xa activity 4-6 hours after the first enoxaparin injection on day 2
Difference between the Anti-Xa outcome measurement and the middle of the target range At 28-30 hours after initiation of treatment Anti-Xa outcome measurement is defined as: Anti-Xa activity 4-6 hours after the first enoxaparin injection on day 2- the middle of the target range = 0.4UI/mL
Absolute difference between the Anti-Xa outcome measurement and the middle of the target range At 28-30 hours after initiation of treatment Anti-Xa outcome measurement is defined as: Anti-Xa activity 4-6 hours after the first enoxaparin injection on day 2 - middle of the target range = 0.4UI/mL
Precision of Anti-Xa outcome measurement to reach the middle of the target range At 28-30 hours after initiation of treatment Precision (Root Mean square Error) - middle of the target range = 0.4 UI/mL
Anti-Xa activity within the target range 4-6 hours after the 2nd enoxaparin injection From 28-30 hours to 7 days after initiation of treatment Anti-Xa activity ≥0.3 IU/mL and ≤0.5 IU/mL
Anti-Xa activity ≥0.3 IU/mL and ≤0.6 IU/mL 4-6 hours after the 2nd enoxaparin injection From 28-30 hours to 7 days after initiation of treatment Anti-Xa activity ≥0.3 IU/mL and ≤0.6 IU/mL
Time to achieve a target Anti-Xa activity (0.3-0.5 IU/mL) From 28-30 hours to 7 days after initiation of treatment Time will be defined by the delay between date and time of treatment initiation and date and time of anti-Xa activity measurement in the target range.
Percentage of time within the target range From 28-30 hours to 7 days after initiation of treatment The target range is defined as anti-Xa activity ≥0.3 IU/ml and ≤0.5 IU/mL from treatment initiation to D7 derived with individual predicted concentration time course