Evaluate the effect of cold knee pack on pain pressure threshold and range of motion in knee osteoarthritis

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic, progressive joint disorder characterized by cartilage degeneration, pain, stiffness, and functional limitations, predominantly affecting weight-bearing joints such as the knees. It is influenced by factors like aging, obesity, joint trauma, and repetitive use, with knee OA being particularly prevalent among the elderly and women. Cold therapy, especially cold knee packs, offers a non-invasive treatment option with physiological effects, including reduced nerve conductivity, inflammation, and pain, as well as improved pain thresholds and joint mobility. However, despite its widespread use, there is limited scientific evidence quantifying its benefits. This study aims to address this gap through a randomized controlled trial involving 60 participants aged 40–75 years with knee OA. The study group will receive yoga and naturopathy interventions combined with a cold knee pack, while the control group will receive only yoga and naturopathy. Pain Pressure Threshold (PPT), assessed with a Biotronix Digital Pressure Algometer, will serve as the primary outcome, while pain intensity and Range of Motion (ROM), evaluated using the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) and a goniometer, respectively, will be secondary outcomes. Statistical analysis will determine the efficacy of cold knee packs in improving PPT, pain, and ROM in individuals with knee OA.