Tobacco Use in Pregnancy Intervention for Cessation
Trial Snapshot
- Phase
- Not Applicable
- Status
- Completed
- Sponsor
- Enrollment
- 66
- Locations
- 1
- Primary Endpoint
- Smoking cessation
Study Overview
Brief Summary
The proposed project will test the effectiveness of the novel delivery of an established tobacco cessation treatment among pregnant women in Kentucky. Tobacco use during pregnancy is one of the most modifiable risk factors associated with poor birth and maternal outcomes and yet smoking prevalence among pregnant women in Kentucky is among the highest in the county and estimated to be twice that of the national average, with no meaningful declines observed in twenty years.
Detailed Description
The purpose of this pilot project is to test effectiveness of a tobacco-treatment cessation intervention (American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG) 5 A's) through use of a non-physician healthcare champion from within the clinic's existing infrastructure. This Tobacco use in Pregnancy Intervention for Cessation (ToPIC) will involve training the identified healthcare provider to become a Certified Tobacco Treatment Specialist (CTTS) and to administer the 5 A's to pregnant Medicaid patients receiving prenatal care through two high-volume Kentucky obstetrics clinics. This trial will provide evidence to evaluate this approach to delivering an established intervention in clinical practice.
The Investigators propose to test the effectiveness of the clinical intervention by using a two-armed cluster randomized controlled design. Eligible participants will be randomized to the intervention (ToPIC) or standard of care for smoking cessation in pregnancy. This pilot project will gather quantitative and qualitative data for a mixed-method, multi-stakeholder process evaluation of intervention training and delivery. Furthermore, the Investigators' use of Medicaid claims data to examine healthcare utilization outside of maternal and infant well-care visits will enhance understanding of the strengths and limitations of these data for future evaluations. This study has the potential to significantly impact the most vulnerable in Kentucky, where rates of tobacco use among pregnant women are among the highest in the nation.
Study Design
- Study Type
- Interventional
- Allocation
- Randomized
- Intervention Model
- Parallel
- Primary Purpose
- Treatment
- Masking
- None
Eligibility Criteria
- Ages
- 18 Years to 44 Years (Adult)
- Sex
- Female
- Accepts Healthy Volunteers
- Yes
Inclusion Criteria
- •tobacco user
- •able to read and write English
- •Medicaid eligible
Exclusion Criteria
- Not provided
Arms & Interventions
Tobacco Treatment As Usual (TTAU)
Eligible women assigned to the control group will be informed of the risks of tobacco use and benefits of quitting using the ACOG 5A's approach by their healthcare provider.5 This standard takes approximately 5-15 minutes, and is offered at each prenatal and postpartum appointment. The study coordinator will invite participants to complete the tobacco use questionnaires (TUQ),urine cotinine validation, and Expired Air Carbon Monoxide (EACO) analysis to assess ongoing tobacco use at the designated time points.
Intervention: Tobacco Treatment As Usual (TTAU) (Behavioral)
ToPIC
Eligible women assigned to the intervention will receive TTAU plus ToPIC administered by the CTTS. At least once monthly, at routinely scheduled prenatal visits or through telephone, the CTTS will provide cessation counseling. The CTTS will invite participants to complete TUQs,urine cotinine validation and EACO analysis to assess ongoing tobacco use at the designated time points.
Intervention: ToPIC (Behavioral)
Outcomes
Primary Outcomes
Smoking cessation
Time Frame: Baseline to third trimester
Change in urine cotinine level
Secondary Outcomes
- Gestational age(At time of delivery)
- Smoking cessation after delivery(Prior to delivery hospitalization discharge, estimated 3 days)
- Infant birth weight(At time of delivery)
- Health care utilization outside of well-visits(Birth to 6 months)
- Number of cigarettes per day(Baseline to third trimester)
Investigators
Kristin Ashford
Associate Dean of Undergraduate Faculty Affairs, University of Kentucky College of Nursing
University of Kentucky