Intravenous Versus Topical Administration of Low Dose Epinephrine Plus Combined Administration of Intravenous and Topical Tranexamic Acid (TXA)for Primary Total Knee Arthroplasty

简要总结

主要结局

次要结局

• Post-operation Hospital for special surgery score (HSS)(3 months)
• Hematocrit (Hct)(7 day)
• Blood platelet count (PLT)(7 day)
• Haemoglobin (Hb)(7 day)
• Preoperative and post-operation range of motion (ROM) of operated knee joint (degree)(Through study completion, an average of 3 months)
• Length of hospital stay (days)(3 months)
• Number of patients with infection(3 months)
• Number of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) cases(1 month)
• Number of pulmonary embolism (PE) cases(1 month)
• Intraoperative blood loss(3 hours)
• Total blood loss on the post-operative day 3(3 day post-operation)
• Reaction time (R-time)(24 hours)
• Rate of thrombus formation (K time)(24 hours)
• Maximum amplitude (MA)(24 hours)
• Rate of thrombus formation (α-angle)(24 hours)
• Lysis rate at 30 min (LY30)(24 hours)
• Coagulation index (CI)(24 hours)
• Intravenous fluid administration on the operation day(1 day)
• Interleukin(IL)-1β(24 hours)
• Interleukin(IL)-6(24 hours)
• Interleukin(IL)-8(24 hours)
• Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α(24 hours)
• C-reactive protein (CRP)(24 hours)
• Interleukin(IL)-10(24 hours)
• Wound score(14 day)
• Blood transfusion rate(7 day)
• Blood transfusion volume (mL)(7 day)